Power to heat integration into district heating networks (summary of external stay)

Transcription

1 Power to heat integration into district heating networks (summary of external stay) Thibaut Richert (PhD student) DTU - Energy System Operation and Management (ESOM) August 29, 2018

2 Agenda External stay at EIFER MAGNITUDE project Other activities 2 / 16

3 External stay EIFER European Institute for Energy Research 3 / 16

4 External stay Key points 4 Months - Mid April to mid August Contacts: Nicole Pini & David Eyler Franco-German research effort Energy resources % decentralized production Worked on the MAGNITUDE project (originally was another project) Writing a white paper 4 / 16

5 External stay MAGNITUDE Bringing flexibility provided by multi energy carrier integration to a new MAGNITUDE Focused on flexibility services provision to the electrical grid through MES Enhanced business and market mechanisms Seven real life case studies of MES of different sizes and technological features Propose recommendations and contribute to the definition of policy strategies at EU level. 5 / 16

6 External stay MAGNITUDE Involved in WP1 and WP4 WP1: Case studies and system configurations Gather data and information about CS Services identification Constraints and bottlenecks WP4: Modelling Use case expertise Technologies fact sheets Higher level focus than my PhD project 6 / 16

7 Gaps for large deployment of power-to-heat units in the heat sector Nicole: top-down approach Thibaut: Bottom-up approach 4GDH Integrated energy system Gap Existing DH systems - Network - Heat supply technologies - Consumers behaviour - Buildings 7 / 16

8 Overview European and national targets for P2H European overview: DK - FR - DE - SE System, Technologies, Market, Ownership Use case for P2H deployment Mapping Gaps identification 8 / 16

9 Key figures in DH Table: Overview of district heating in selected countries Denmark Sweden Germany France Population - [ people] Average population density - [pop/km2] Urban population - [%] Number of DH networks , Trench length - [km] one way 29,000 23,667 20,219 3,725 Annual heat sales - [GJ] 105, , ,839 86,112 Density indicator - [GJ/km] Number of system per people Network ownership Private dominated Private dominated Private dominated Public dominated Network operation Mostly public Private dominated Private dominated Private dominated Connection obligation Municipality decides Not mandatory Municipality decides Not mandatory DH covering - residential (final energy) 63% 58% 10% 6% Heat Market Bundled Unbundled Unbundled Unbundled 9 / 16

10 External stay DH - mix SWEDEN Combustible renewables Waste Renewable waste Heat pumps Industrial heat surplus Natural gas Coal Oil Others DENMARK 49.3% Combustible renewables Natural gas Coal Renewable waste Waste Oil Others 34.8% 24.5% 1.4% 2.5% 3.2% 2.9% 14% 8.2% 18.6% 5.4% 6.2% FRANCE 43.8% 6% 6.9% 10% 6% 45.4% GERMANY Natural gas Coal Waste Combustible renewables Oil Others Natural Gas Renewable waste Combustible renewable Coal Oil Others 3.4% 0.8% 3.3% 6.3% 25% 5.6% 5% 10.4% 9.4% 41.6% 10 / 16

11 External stay Elec - mix Gas Wind SWEDEN DENMARK Oil Coal 1% 10% 0% 29% Nuclear Wind 41% 43% 40% 7% 1% 2% Hydro Gas 18% 7% 1% Oil Solar Biofuels & waste Biofuels & waste Solar Oil Gas Biofuels & waste FRANCE 2% 6% Coal Hydro 1% 9% 2% 11% 2% 4% Coal Biofuels & waste GERMANY Gas 13% Coal 43% Wind 6% Solar 3% 73% Hydro 12% 13% Nuclear Wind Nuclear 11 / 16

12 Prices Heat prices District heating price Electricity price Households - taxes Households - electricity Household - network Small industry * * Large industry * * * /GJ 15 /kwh DK SE FR DE Country 0 DK SE FR DE Country 12 / 16

13 Use case Heat production for DHW and space heating purposes using power-to-heat technologies Power system DH system Transmission System Operator District Heating utility Control entity Transmission Grid Hydrauliccontrol elements Valves/Pumps Distribution Grid Power to Heat technologies District heating network (isolated/ interconnected) Substations Electric Power domain ICT domain Heat domain System boundaries 13 / 16

14 Use case District heating transmission network District heating distribution network Customer level Electric GRID P2H Centralized heat production Electric GRID P2H S/S P2H Electric GRID P2H R/S Electric GRID Electric GRID P2H Isolated consumer - no connection to DH 14 / 16

15 Gaps - main findings Several type of gaps: Regulatory, Technical, Operational, Type of deployment Regulation biggest barrier Pricing Ownership Sophisticated monitoring/metering Design (system integration) Connection (R/S, S/S, R/R...) HP are sensitive Control, maintenance, collaboration on deployment type 15 / 16

16 Raw DH data Processing Nodes data file Pipes data file Modelica component models Paper on method for generating equivalent DHN Co-simulation (paper on the way) Network-x Directed graph network object Python encapsulation Mapping object generation Python objects Object representation network Translation Modelica model 16 / 16