Making food waste separation a main stream practice for anaerobic digestion in the management of municipal wastes: Kigali City.

Transcription

1 Making food waste separation a main stream practice for anaerobic digestion in the management of municipal wastes: Kigali City Sylvie Mucyo, PhD UNESCO-Africa Engineering Week with Africa Engineering Conference THEME: EFFECTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT IN AFRICA Kigali Convention Center Rwanda 25th 29th September2017

2 Introduction Organic wastes consist of the largest portion of municipal wastes in sub-saharan Africa Food waste as feedstock for Anaerobic Digestion (AD) has a high biodegradability compared to other organic municipal solid waste The bioconversion of food waste for energy generation is becoming economically attractive m 3 /ton VS Little has been done regarding the development of large-scale AD technology in the management of municipal solid waste in sub- Saharan Africa AD in sub-saharan Africa is affected by feedstock characteristics and availability, potential uses of biogas and digestate, technical and economic factors Kigali Convention Center- Rwanda 25-29th September,

3 In Kigali City, the rapid expansion in waste collection capacity has not been matched by an increase in collection of segregated organic wastes Kigali Convention Center- Rwanda 25-29th September,

4 Objectives To evaluate public attitude towards waste management practices using socio-economic parameters To examine critical factors affecting organic waste recovery and the potential for AD Kigali Convention Center- Rwanda 25-29th September,

5 Methodology Questionnaire survey:428 households according to socio-economic levels Triangulation method Meta-analyis: Academic literature, Government/consultancy reports Interviews with waste managers Kigali Convention Center- Rwanda 25-29th September,

6 Results and Discussions Challenges of food waste recovery Findings indicated that with low waste service returns, lack of economic drivers and landfill disposal as the main waste management model, less attention is on enabling practices towards waste transformation technologies Kigali Convention Center- Rwanda 25-29th September,

7 Composting and the production of briquettes have not been able provide enough incentive to drive investment and improve on source separation Sardinia 15th International Waste Management and Landfill Symposium

8 The role of government need to be strengthened with emphasis on providing financing and funding options in order to drive investment in AD industry and thus recovery of organic wastes Proper integration of AD to the overall energy mix can play a significant role Profitable markets alongside appropriate policy arrangements and capital finance will drive separated waste collection as far as private sector is concerned Kigali Convention Center- Rwanda 25-29th September,

9 Households Willingness to pay for improved services 40% 35% 30% 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% Very willing Willing Neither willing nor unwilling Unwilling Very unwilling Level I Level II Level III Level of Willingness to Pay Willingness to pay for improved services was found to increase with socio-economic status Kigali Convention Center- Rwanda 25-29th September,

10 The implementation of payment system for waste services will continue to be a challenge in particular for low income households Incentive schemes need to be devised according to socio-economic levels to ensure effective waste recovery Kigali Convention Center- Rwanda 25-29th September,

11 Meta-analysis Governance systems available at community level Kigali Convention Center- Rwanda 25-29th September,

12 Conclusion The study found that the socio-economic status of households significantly affect public attitude towards waste management practices, and the level of potential household participation in waste management at the community level It was found that constraints to source waste separation include the lack of cost recovery mechanisms as far as private sector is concerned in the collection of wastes The design of food waste policy can enhance the promotion and development of AD The application of AD needs a supportive policy environment that is both financially and technically strategic to smooth out its integration in both the energy sector and the waste sector Kigali Convention Center- Rwanda 25-29th September,

13 Acknowledgements: To the government of Rwanda and Abertay University/UK for the financial support Kigali Convention Center- Rwanda 25-29th September,

14 THANK YOU Kigali Convention Center- Rwanda 25-29th September,