Applying Sigmafine in LNG and Related Industries

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1 Applying Sigmafine in LNG and Related Industries MINIMAL BUSINESS PRESENTATION Challenges and Applications Trusting Data for Action Sandeep Kamani Pimsoft Inc.

2 Section 1 Introduction 2

3 Sigmafine Applications in the L Industries LNG Liquefied Natural Gas (Predominantly methane) Liquefaction Regasification Both LPG Liquefied Petroleum Gases (Mainly propane and butane) LPG Terminal Refinery Storage NGL Natural Gas Liquids (Ethane, propane, butane, others) Gas Plant NGL Terminal & Pipeline 3 Pimsoft Inc Do not reproduce without authorization Sigmafine is a registered trademark of Pimsoft Inc.

4 Section 2 Challenges 4

5 Product Allocation 5 Pimsoft Inc Do not reproduce without authorization Sigmafine is a registered trademark of Pimsoft Inc.

6 Product Allocation Allocation mechanisms should honor agreements and contracts Allocation should be unbiased and fair Basis should be mass & energy balance (energy content*) *Component balance required to achieve energy content balance Sum of allocated volumes should always be equivalent to the sum of the actual volumes produced Rules should be consistent and auditable Use best available numbers Energy Balance issue due to limited energy measurement points Sigmafine balance rule for the Energy balance. 6 Pimsoft Inc Do not reproduce without authorization Sigmafine is a registered trademark of Pimsoft Inc.

7 Component Balance Validates both mass and analyzer measurements Estimate unmeasured streams Need close Net Heating Content Balance Non linear method is required. Sum of all components should be 1 7 Pimsoft Inc Do not reproduce without authorization Sigmafine is a registered trademark of Pimsoft Inc.

8 Energy Balance Sigmafine Balance Analysis Rule Linear Energy Balance No iterations required 8 Pimsoft Inc Do not reproduce without authorization Sigmafine is a registered trademark of Pimsoft Inc.

9 Reporting and Analysis by Component Steps Collect Inputs Run Analysis Publish with SQL Access Steps can be automated with Sigmafine Scheduler 9 Pimsoft Inc Do not reproduce without authorization Sigmafine is a registered trademark of Pimsoft Inc.

10 Section 3 Specifics about Sigmafine within L industries 10

11 A Review on Extensions An extension of Sigmafine increases the capabilities of your Sigmafine system: Read data from an external system Write data to an external systems Can execute predetermined calculations Stateless Don t hold state and can be called under different contexts or applications 11 Pimsoft Inc Do not reproduce without authorization Sigmafine is a registered trademark of Pimsoft Inc.

12 Extensions Specific Extensions 12 Pimsoft Inc Do not reproduce without authorization Sigmafine is a registered trademark of Pimsoft Inc.

13 LNG Extension Density Calculation (Klosek McKinley) Compressibility Tank Energy 13 Pimsoft Inc Do not reproduce without authorization Sigmafine is a registered trademark of Pimsoft Inc.

14 LNG Extension Wet to Dry Basis Conversion Normalization Mass Calorific Value 14 Pimsoft Inc Do not reproduce without authorization Sigmafine is a registered trademark of Pimsoft Inc.

15 LNG Extension 15 Pimsoft Inc Do not reproduce without authorization Sigmafine is a registered trademark of Pimsoft Inc.

16 LPG Extension Implementation of GPA TP 27 (24E) Covers the following: Liquid phase Temperatures from 51 to 200 F Densities from ethane to n heptane Temperature correction only Saturation pressure assumption 16 Pimsoft Inc Do not reproduce without authorization Sigmafine is a registered trademark of Pimsoft Inc.

17 LPG Extension Read Temperature Read Density Interpolate critical properties Perform calculations based on the standard 17 Pimsoft Inc Do not reproduce without authorization Sigmafine is a registered trademark of Pimsoft Inc.

18 CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE WORK Sigmafine extensions make Sigmafine adaptable to face challenges found in the LNG, LPG, and LNG Industries Sigmafine can also be useful in: Batch tracking in pipelines Interface position between batches BTU tracking Current standards don t cover cryogenic temperatures. This represents an opportunity to develop extensions using EOS (Equations of State) for these conditions Explore NGL extension if there is demand 18 Pimsoft Inc Do not reproduce without authorization Sigmafine is a registered trademark of Pimsoft Inc.

19 QUESTIONS 19 Pimsoft Inc Do not reproduce without authorization Sigmafine is a registered trademark of Pimsoft Inc.

20 THANK YOU! 20 Pimsoft Inc Do not reproduce without authorization Sigmafine is a registered trademark of Pimsoft Inc.

21 Contact Information +1(281) EXT Pimsoft Inc Do not reproduce without authorization Sigmafine is a registered trademark of Pimsoft Inc.