Solar cooling news from Europe: Post-Palermo wrap-up. Dr.-Ing. Paul Kohlenbach ausscig Solar Cooling conference Melbourne

Transcription

1 Solar cooling news from Europe: Post-Palermo wrap-up Dr.-Ing. Paul Kohlenbach ausscig Solar Cooling conference Melbourne

2 Contents 1. Participation 2. New developments in chillers 3. New developments in collectors 4. Policy developments Solar Cooling Post-Palermo wrap-up Kohlenbach - Slide 2

3 Participation Participants by country: Other 19% Australia 6% USA 5% Germany 36% Austria 5% Spain 11% Italy 18% Total of 198 participants from 35 different countries 116 first-time participants Source: OTTI 2009 Solar Cooling Post-Palermo wrap-up Kohlenbach - Slide 3

4 Participation Participants by affiliation: Consultants 9% Public organisations 5% Associations 4% Energy Suppliers 1% Research Institutes 15% Universities 36% Companies 30% Source: OTTI 2009 Solar Cooling Post-Palermo wrap-up Kohlenbach - Slide 4

5 Contents 1. Participation 2. New developments in chillers 3. New developments in collectors 4. Policy developments Solar Cooling Post-Palermo wrap-up Kohlenbach - Slide 5

6 Small solar cooling applications (<5 kw) 5 kw absorption chiller (EAW, Germany) Downscaled version of EAW 15 kw chiller LiBr/water Source: Ajib et al 2009 Solar Cooling Post-Palermo wrap-up Kohlenbach - Slide 6

7 Small solar cooling applications (<5 kw) Steam ejector system (Fraunhofer UMSICHT, Germany) 5kW th steam ejector system 6 bar operating pressure 20 m 2 parabolic trough collectors Source: Pollerberg et al 2009 Solar Cooling Post-Palermo wrap-up Kohlenbach - Slide 7

8 Small solar cooling applications (<5 kw) 2.5 kw adsorption chiller (ECN, Netherlands) Silica gel based 60x60cm footprint, height ~100cm Residential application Source: Bakker, de Boer 2009 Solar Cooling Post-Palermo wrap-up Kohlenbach - Slide 8

9 Small solar cooling applications (<5 kw) 2 kw mobile (car) air-conditioning (Uni Warwick, UK) 2 kw Adsorption chiller, active carbon/nh3 Engine coolant driven, 90 degc COP ~ m3 in volume (45l/kW cooling) very compact Source: Critoph 2009 Solar Cooling Post-Palermo wrap-up Kohlenbach - Slide 9

10 New developments solar cooling applications Latent heat storage and night time heat rejection (ZAE Bayern Germany) Latent heat storage (paraffin) Condenser+absorber heat stored during the day Released at night time to lower ambient temperatures COPel ~ 6 Reject heat from chiller Source: Helm et al 2009 Solar Cooling Post-Palermo wrap-up Kohlenbach - Slide 10

11 New developments solar cooling applications Liquid desiccant chiller (AIL, USA) Source: Lowenstein 2009 Solar Cooling Post-Palermo wrap-up Kohlenbach - Slide 11

12 New developments solar cooling applications New vacuum ice storage system (ILK, Germany) Centrifugal compressor system Absorption chiller cools condenser Ice slurry -1 degc Pumpable up to 60% ice content Source: Safarik, Albring 2009 Solar Cooling Post-Palermo wrap-up Kohlenbach - Slide 12

13 Contents 1. Participation 2. New developments in chillers 3. New developments in collectors 4. Policy developments Solar Cooling Post-Palermo wrap-up Kohlenbach - Slide 13

14 New collector developments New reflective flat plate collector (Fraunhofer ISE, Germany) Mirror reflector on either side of collector Transparent cover over flat plate Design temperature 120 degc Increase in solar gain ~35% Source: Hess et al 2009 Solar Cooling Post-Palermo wrap-up Kohlenbach - Slide 14

15 New collector developments Fresnel collector (Mirroxx, Germany) 5.5m aperture Weight 25 kg/ m2 Peak power 500 W/m2 Source: Zahler et al 2009 Solar Cooling Post-Palermo wrap-up Kohlenbach - Slide 15

16 Contents 1. Participation 2. New developments in chillers 3. New developments in collectors 4. Policy developments Solar Cooling Post-Palermo wrap-up Kohlenbach - Slide 16

17 Policy developments New french solar heating and cooling development program Performance based!!! kw range Minimum yield 450 kwh/m2/a (both cooling and heating) Minimum annual COP = 5 50% funding at contract, 30% at commissioning 20% funding after 2 years of successful plant operation (monitoring) 5x installations in 2010, 10x in 2011 and 10x in 2012 Source: Mugnier, le Denn 2009 Solar Cooling Post-Palermo wrap-up Kohlenbach - Slide 17

18 Policy developments Green Chiller Association (Germany) Founded March 2009 Represents 60% of all EU manufacturers of small and medium scale thermally driven chillers Lobbying/technology promotion Source: Jakob 2009 Solar Cooling Post-Palermo wrap-up Kohlenbach - Slide 18

19 Poster price for Australia Edward Halawa Source: OTTI 2009 Solar Cooling Post-Palermo wrap-up Kohlenbach - Slide 19

20 Presentations for download Solar Cooling Post-Palermo wrap-up Kohlenbach - Slide 20

21 References 1. Pollerberg C, Jaehnig D, Doetsch C. (2009). Prototype of a solar steam driven jet ejector chiller. Proc. of 3 rd Int. Conference on Solar Air-Conditioning, Palermo, Italy, Sep 30 th to Oct 2 nd Ajib S, Safarik M, Richter L, Kuhn M, Guenther W, Weidner G. (2009). Development of a 5 kw absorption chiller for solar cooling installations. Proc. of 3 rd Int. Conference on Solar Air-Conditioning, Palermo, Italy, Sep 30 th to Oct 2 nd Bakker EJ, de Boer R. (2009). Development of a new 2.5 kw adsorption chiller for heat driven cooling. Proc. of 3 rd Int. Conference on Solar Air-Conditioning, Palermo, Italy, Sep 30 th to Oct 2 nd Critoph B (2009). A compact solid adsorption chiller for solar air conditioning. Proc. of 3 rd Int. Conference on Solar Air-Conditioning, Palermo, Italy, Sep 30 th to Oct 2 nd Helm M, Hagel K, Hiebler S, Mehling H, Schweigler S. (2009). Performance of a solar heating and cooling system with absorption chiller and latent heat storage. Proc. of 3 rd Int. Conference on Solar Air-Conditioning, Palermo, Italy, Sep 30 th to Oct 2 nd Lowenstein A. (2009). The application of a liquid desiccant air-conditioner to solar cooling. Proc. of 3 rd Int. Conference on Solar Air-Conditioning, Palermo, Italy, Sep 30 th to Oct 2 nd Safarik M, Albring P (2009). Vacuum ice storage as a novel concept of energy storage in solar cooling systems. Proc. of 3 rd Int. Conference on Solar Air-Conditioning, Palermo, Italy, Sep 30 th to Oct 2 nd Hess S, Di Lauro P, Oliva A, Hanby V (2009). RefleC. A new collector for solar cooling applications with operating temperatures up to 150 degc. Proc. of 3 rd Int. Conference on Solar Air-Conditioning, Palermo, Italy, Sep 30 th to Oct 2 nd Zahler C, Haeberle A, Schwind T, Berger M, Louw JW (2009). Mirroxx fresnel process heat collectors for industrial applications and solar cooling. Proc. of 3 rd Int. Conference on Solar Air-Conditioning, Palermo, Italy, Sep 30 th to Oct 2 nd Mugnier D, le Denn A (2009). French solar heating and cooling development program based on energy performance. Proc. of 3 rd Int. Conference on Solar Air-Conditioning, Palermo, Italy, Sep 30 th to Oct 2 nd Jakob U. (2009). Green chiller association. Proc. of 3 rd Int. Conference on Solar Air-Conditioning, Palermo, Italy, Sep 30 th to Oct 2 nd Solar Cooling Post-Palermo wrap-up Kohlenbach - Slide 21

22 Thank You Solem Consulting Pty Ltd PO Box 19 Avalon NSW 2107 Mobile: +61-(0) Web: