Experience, challenges, and opportunities for Carbon Markets in Thailand and AEC, how can the carbon market support RE and EE investment

Transcription

1 Experience, challenges, and opportunities for Carbon Markets in Thailand and AEC, how can the carbon market support RE and EE investment Chaiwat Muncharoen Deputy Executive Director June 5, 2013

2 Climate Change History Doha Gateway

3 Future trend of climate change in international agreement

4 APEC target: at least 45% reduction of EI in 2035 compared to the base year 2005 Currency Conversion 2005 GDP 2005 /GDP 2030 GDP 2030 /GDP Improvement billion 2005 PPP US$ mtoe billion 2005 PP US$ Australia % Brunei % China % Indonesia % Japan % Korea % Malaysia % New Zealand % Philippines % Singapore % Thailand % Viet Nam % Total APEC in ASEAN % Cambodia % India % Lao PDR % Myanmar % Total ASEAN % 4 Sources : DEDE and ERIA s APS Results Recalculated Using 2005 mtoe

5 Climate Change and related Polices National policy/national Plan in Climate Change National Economic and Social Development Phase 11 ( ) National Strategic Plan on Climate Change ( ) Thailand Climate Change Master Plan ( ) Policy Statement of the Council of Ministers Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (MNRE) Environmental Quality Management Plan ( ) Specific plan Ministry of National Efficiency Development Plan Alternative Development Plan Ministry of Transport Transport Master Plan ( ) Ministry of Industry National Industrial Development Master Plan ( ) Ministry of Agriculture and cooperatives (Draft) Master Plan in Agricultural Climate Change in Agricultural Sector

6 Why sector? 69.57% 22.64% 7.15 % -3.44% 4.07% Agriculture and livestock Industrial Processes Forestry The Second National Communication (year 2000) Waste Renewable (RE) and Efficiency (EE) are key policies to reduce emissions in in the future. [6]

7 Policies & measures on climate change in Thai energy sector The main plan on sector is RE plan and EE plan National Efficiency Development Plan ( ) The main goal of the EE plan 14,500 ktoe Saving 33,900 GWh power Saving 50 million tons of avoided CO2 emission (in the country) Alternative Development Plan (AEDP ) Sector that related to GHG emission reduction Industry Transport Agriculture Commercial Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Action (NAMAs) Domestically Supported NAMAs Internationally Supported NAMAs Crediting Mechanism NAMAs Measurement Reporting and Verification Measurable Reportable The main goal of the RE plan 9,335 ktoe energy production 9,201 MWh power generation 76 million tons of avoided CO2 emission (in the country) Residential Power Verifiable

8 New Market Mechanisms?? Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) Reformed CDM; standardized baseline, PoA Sectoral Crediting (SC) Technology based Approach (TBA) NAMA Crediting (NAMAC) Setoral Trading (ST) Emission Trading (ET) Renewable Certificate (REC) Efficiency Certificate (EEC) Reducing Emission from Deforestation and forest Degradation (REDD) Voluntary Scheme (VS) etc.

9 Mechanism Matrix

10 Linking with other Market Mechanism EU USA India Mexico China, Chile Australia Japan Indonesia, Vietnam EU Emission Trading Scheme Western Climate Initiative (WCI), Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI) Perform Achieve Trade (PAT) Renewable Certificate (REC) Crediting NAMA Domestic Emission Trading Scheme Carbon Pricing Mechanism and Carbon Farming Initiative Joint Carbon Mechanism (JCM)?????? 10

11 Challenges: Project based Sector National MRV

12 Conclusions Under UNFCCC negotiation, new legal framework for mitigation actions will be applicable for all parties. For most of the countries, GHG Emissions emitted are from energy sector. Renewable energy and energy efficiency are key for emission reductions. APEC also set out the target for Intensity. There are many emerging new market mechanisms. AEC countries can participate in the mechanisms in achieving the EI target. MRV system is essential to prevent the double counting from using many mechanisms.

13 Thank you Please help save the world 13