Joseph Kiesecker Ph.D. & Christina Kennedy Ph.D. Mark Godfrey

Transcription

1 Joseph Kiesecker Ph.D. & Christina Kennedy Ph.D. Mark Godfrey

2 Business as Usual oil coal biogas electric biofuels wind

3 Business as Usual conservation oil coal biogas electric biofuels wind Cap and Trade

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5 Enabling Conditions Supporting Mitigation Avoid Minimize Government mitigation policy (US, EU, Australia, S Africa, Brazil, Colombia, others) Restore Corporate policy (NPI goal) Offset Standards of Financial Institutions (IFC, EBRD)

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7 Shortcomings of Site Based Mitigation Wetland mitigation site in Salem, Oregon

8 Millions $US Millions $US Conservation at a Game-Changing Scale Other Conservation $ Offsets $ 2 mitigation Projects Mitigation $ from one mine Annual wetlands and T/E mitigation $ ,000 3,500 NPS 40 3, WY Wildlife and Natural Resource Trust Protected Area budget 2,500 2,000 1,500 1, LWCF 0 Wyoming Colombia 0 United States

9 No net loss for biodiversity Net positive output for biodiversity Size of offset Avoid Minimize/Restore Offset Early warning & planning: development projects and conservation priorities + Selection of offset portfolio & accounting for no net loss Positive contributions to biodiversity Biodiversity breakeven point (Zero impact) Residual impacts Impact offset - Residual impacts Minimize/ Restore Minimize/ Restore Avoided impacts Avoided impacts Avoided impacts Anticipated impacts TIME From Kiesecker et al Kiesecker, J.M, H. Copeland, A. Pocewicz, N. Nibbelink, B. McKenney J. Dahlke, M. Holloran and D. Stroud 2009 A Framework for Implementing Biodiversity Offsets: Selecting Sites and Determining Scale. BioScience 59: Kiesecker, J.M., H. Copeland, A. Pocewicz, B. McKenney Development by Design: Blending Landscape Level Planning with the Mitigation Hierarchy. Frontiers In Ecology and the Environment 8:

10 Development by Design (DbD) is an overarching framework for effectively applying the mitigation hierarchy Avoid Core applications of DbD framework Minimize Restore Offset 1. When should project impacts be avoided vs. offset? 2. How should offsets be selected? 3. How much is enough?

11 Development by Design Process Select BIODIVERSITY ELEMENTS Set GOALS COARSE FILTER Vegetation Types (X) Acres of habitat needed to maintain viability FINE FILTER Species ( Y ) Acres of habitat or point locations (i.e. nests) needed to maintain viability Other Goals i.e. Ecosystem Services assess ECOLOGICAL CONDITION Cost / Suitability Index Road & RR Density Population Density Converted Land Cover Irrigated Land Cover Housing density Conservation Portfolio Design: Development Portfolio Design: automated site selection (MARXAN with ZONES) Future development pressure ( Z ) Amount of production

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13 Identify spatial overlap between energy development and core areas for sage-grouse. Sage-grouse Breeding populations

14 Use build-out scenarios to estimate and visualize the potential future spatial pattern of development Oil and Gas Prediction Surface Build-out example Authorized Leases w/ stips RFD # s by Field Office Expected new wells per lease OGCC allowable density Run multiple scenarios varying RFD 7-19% decline in Sage Grouse

15 Infrastructure/Mining/Oil & Gas in Mongolia

16 Mitigation Planning For Development in the Eastern Steppe of Mongolia

17 Conservation Priorities 30% Хамгаалах goal газрын багц added removed

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19 Key Habitats

20 Development by Design for Wind AVOID OFFSET No Mitigation

21 Development by Design for Wind Mitigation Costs Based on actual costs of restoring and protecting Prairie chicken Grassland Playa lakes

22 Development by Design for Wind MITIGATION COSTS

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24 Obermeyer B, Manes R, Kiesecker J, Fargione J, and K Sochi Development by Design: Mitigation of Wind Development s Impacts on Wildlife in Kansas. PLoS One 6(10): e doi: /journal.pone Development by Design Publications: Kiesecker, JM, H Copeland, A Pocewicz, N Nibbelink, B McKenney, J Dahlke, M Holloran, and D Stroud A framework for implementing biodiversity offsets: selecting sites and determining scale. BioScience 59:77-84 Kiesecker, JM, H Copeland, A Pocewicz, and B McKenney Development by Design: Blending Landscape Level Planning with the Mitigation Hierarchy. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 8: Copeland HE, Doherty KE, Naugle DE, Pocewicz A, Kiesecker JM (2009) Mapping Oil and Gas Development Potential in the US Intermountain West and Estimating Impacts to Species. PLoS ONE 4(10): e7400. doi: /journal.pone McDonald R, Fargione J, Kiesecker J, Miller WM, Powell J (2009) Energy sprawl or energy efficiency: climate policy impacts on natural habitat for the United States of America. PLOS One 4: 8. McKenney, B. Kiesecker J.M Policy Development for Biodiversity Offsets: A Review of Offset Frameworks. Environmental Management 45: Sochi, K. Evans, J. and J. M. Kiesecker Conservation in the Wyoming Basins Ecoregion: Planning Today by Assessing Future Scenarios. Gap Analysis Bulletin 17: Doherty KE, DE Naugle, H Copeland, A Pocewicz, and JM Kiesecker 2009 Energy development and conservation tradeoffs: systematic planning for sage-grouse in their eastern range. Studies in Avian Biology In Press Copeland, HE, A Pocewicz, and J Kiesecker (In Press) Geography of energy development in Western North America: Potential impacts to terrestrial ecosystems. Chapter in: Energy development and wildlife conservation in Western North America (Edited by DE Naugle) Copeland, HE, KE Doherty, DE Naugle, A Pocewicz, and J Kiesecker (In Press) Forecasting development scenarios to aid in conservation design. Chapter in: Energy development and wildlife conservation in Western North America (Edited by DE Naugle) Kiesecker, JM, H Copeland, B McKenney, A Pocewicz, and K Doherty (In Press) Energy by Design: Making mitigation work for conservation and development. Chapter in: Energy development and wildlife conservation in Western North America (Edited by DE Naugle) Kiesecker, J.M. McKenney, B. Copeland, H. and D. Stroud. (In Prep) Accounting 101: Assessing no-net-loss for biodiversity offsets. Target Journal: Conservation Biology Kiesecker JM, Evans JS, Fargione J, Doherty K, Foresman KR, et al. (2011) Win-Win for Wind and Wildlife: A Vision to Facilitate Sustainable Development. PLoS ONE 6(4): e doi: /journal.pone Evans, J. Kiesecker, J.M. Fargione, J. et al. Mapping human disturbance for bio diver conservation in the contiguous US. Target Journal: Conservation Letters

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