How to Meet 2017/2020 Energy Regulations U.S. Commercial Foodservice

Transcription

1 How to Meet 2017/2020 Energy Regulations U.S. Commercial Foodservice E360 Annual Conference Atlanta, Ga. April 11 and 12 Ani Jayanth Director, Product Marketing Emerson

2 Disclaimer This presentation is intended to highlight changing developments in the law and industry topics. The law is frequently evolving and information and publications in this presentation may not reflect the latest changes in the law or legal interpretations. The statements and information provided in this presentation should not be construed as legal advice or legal opinion regarding any specific facts or circumstances, but is intended for general informational purposes only. The views and statements expressed during this presentation are the personal opinions of the presenter and do not those of Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. or its affiliated companies. You should consult an attorney about your situation and specific facts and you should not act on any of the information in this presentation as the information may not be applicable to your situation. Although all statements and information contained herein are believed to be accurate and reliable, they are presented without warranty of any kind. Information provided herein does not relieve the user from the responsibility of carrying out its own tests and experiments. Statements or suggestions concerning the use of materials and processes are made without representation or warranty that any such use is free of patent infringement and are not recommendations to infringe on any patents. This presentation may not be copied or redistributed without the express written consent of Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc.

3 U.S. Department of Energy Status of U.S. Refrigeration Energy Regulations Product Class Current NOPR Final Effective Energy Level Reduction Closed-Doors Reach-Ins (Self-Contained) 2010 Oct March 2014* March 2017 (FINAL) kwh/day 30% 50% Ice Makers 2010 NODA Sept Jan Jan (FINAL) kwh/100 lbs 5% 15% Display Cases, Including Remote 2012 Oct March 2014* March 2017 (FINAL) kwh/day 30% 50% Walk-In (Foodservice) 2009 Sept Jan. 2016** No change MT; No change panels and doors; LT and multiplex out of cmte. Jan (all enforced) AWEF MT 20% 40%; LT and Multiplex 20 30% (ASRAC Cmte. Proposal) * Lawsuit filed by industry in 7 th Circuit Court; Petition denied, final rule stays ** Lawsuit filed by industry in 5 th Circuit Court; settlement reached July 2015 to refer to ASRAC Cmte., with cmte. to make proposal in January 2016, which they met. Awaiting DOE and Court final approvals. Compliance Effective Dates Are Nearing. 3

4 EPA s Final Rule, July 20, 2015, and September 26, 2016 Changed listing status of certain HFCs* Final Rule: July 20, 2015 Final Rule: September 26, 2016 Phase-out refrigerant Supermarket (New**) Supermarket (Retrofit***) Remote condensing unit (New) Remote condensing unit (Retrofit***) MT < 2,200 BTU/hr. and not contain flooded evap. (New) Stand-Alone MT 2,200 BTU/hr. with or without flooded evap. (New) LT (New) LT and MT (Retrofit***) Refrigerated food processing and dispensing equipment (New) Cold storage warehouses (New) Ice machines (New) Very lowtemp refrigeration (New) R-404A/507A Jan. 1, 2017 July 20, 2016 Jan. 1, 2018 July 20, 2016 Jan. 1, 2019 Jan. 1, 2020 Jan. 1, 2020 July 20, 2016 Jan. 1, 2021 ^Jan. 1, 2023 OK OK R-410A OK - OK - Jan. 1, 2019 Jan. 1, 2020 Jan. 1, Jan. 1, 2021 ^Jan. 1, 2023 OK OK R-407A/C/F OK OK OK OK Jan. 1, 2019 Jan. 1, 2020 Jan. 1, 2020 OK ^Jan. 1, 2021 R-407C/F OK R-407A: ^Jan. 1, 2023 OK R-407C only HFC-134a OK OK OK OK Jan. 1, 2019 Jan. 1, 2020 OK OK OK OK OK - Likely alternatives (Emerson perspective) R-448A/449A OK OK OK OK Neither SNAPapproved, nor banned Neither SNAPapproved, nor banned OK OK for LT only - - OK - R-450A/513A OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK - R OK OK OK OK OK R-744 OK - OK - OK OK OK - OK OK - OK R-717 OK (in primary loop of secondary system) - OK (In primary loop of secondary system) - OK (in primary loop of secondary system) OK (in primary loop of secondary system) OK (in primary loop of secondary system) OK (in primary loop of secondary system) OK (in primary loop of secondary system) OK OK - ** Includes ice machines connected to a supermarket rack refrigeration system. *** EPA uses term retrofit to indicate the use of a refrigerant in an appliance that was designed for and originally operated using a different refrigerant. Term does not apply to upgrades to existing equipment where the refrigerant is not changed. *Abbreviated For complete listing, see EPA Final Rule; go to: See proposed rule; go to: 4

5 Compliance Will Not Be Easy EPA Refrig. DOE Energy Energy Environment Equipment Economics Supermarket (Rack) 1/1/17 <2,500 GWP Walk-In (Remote CDU) Cooler Freezer 1/1/18 <2,500 GWP Awaiting Final ASRAC 20 40% 20 30% 1/1/20 Reach-In (Stand-Alone) 30 50% Cooler <2,200 BTU 3/27/17 <600 GWP >2,200 BTU 1/1/19 <600 GWP Freezer <1,500 GWP Ice Machine Dispensing 5 15% 1/1/18 R-290 Approved 1/1/20 <1,500 GWP Opportunity to Comply With One Design Cycle Change 5

6 OEM Preparedness to Meet Compliance Dates Over Half Have a Plan in Place and Are Prepared to Meet Compliance Dates. This Leaves Quite a Few Companies Not Ready for the Change. EPA Plan in Place DOE Plan in Place Not yet 44% Yes 52% Not yet 36% Yes 57% Level of Preparedness: Level of Preparedness: 13% 52% 15% 17% 15% 45% 19% 17% Equipment Passes EPA Regulations: Equipment Passes DOE Regulations: 48% 74% (mean) (mean) Very prepared Somewhat prepared Only slightly prepared Not at all prepared 6

7 OEM-Specific Preparations for Meeting DOE Regulations While 62% Are Lab Testing to Prepare for DOE Regulations, the Remaining Two in Five Are Not. Many customers are still seeking guidance on becoming better prepared. Communicating plan to (among those communicating plans to customers) End use customers Aftermarket/wholesalers/ distributors 47% 87% Contractors 20% DOE preparations Other 13% We re lab testing as a way to prepare. We re seeking guidance on how to be better prepared. 49% 62% Seeking guidance from (among those seeking guidance to prepare) We have a product road map. 43% Component manufacturers 87% We re communicating our plans to customers. 32% Consultants 35% Other 13% End use customers 22% Other 9% 7

8 Agreement With Statements Related to Regulatory Changes Top-2 Box The Majority Expect Components Will Change Based on the Regulations. This, in Turn, Will Impact Cost Negatively. Top-2 Box I expect some components will change. 77% 12% 10% 2% 89% I expect some of our products to become obsolete. 53% 10% 14% 10% 14% 63% I expect component costs to increase. 51% 22% 20% 4% 4% 73% 5 = Completely Agree = Completely Disagree 8

9 DOE Equipment Regulations Survey Commercial refrigeration equipment Effective March 2017 on new equipment CRE measured in kwh/24-hour day Each equipment class assigned equation Variable: Total Display Area (TDA) or volume Walk-in coolers and freezers (WICF) Effective January 2020 on new equipment WICF measured in three major components AWEF measured using AHRI-1250 testing standard Each equipment class assigned equation Variable: Q = system capacity Automatic commercial ice makers Effective January 2018 on new equipment ACIM measured in kwh/100lbs ice Each equipment class assigned equation Variable: H = harvest rate in lbs per 24 hours Industry Reach-In Solid Door Refrigerator Energy Draw From 20% to 50% energy reduction required for systems, depending on class 5% to 25% energy reduction required 9

10 Equipment Affected Commercial Refrigeration Equipment Equipment Classes Low- or Medium-Temperature Vertical, Semi-Vertical, Horizontal, or Service Over Counter Self-Contained or Remote Condensing With or Without Solid/Transparent Doors Buffet Tables, Salad Bars, Prep Tables Not Affected Depending Upon Refrigeration Construction Commercial Refrigerator and Freezer 33+ Classes of Equipment 20+ Sizes/Eqp. Class 10

11 Buffet Tables, Salad Bar, Prep Table Beyond Scope of Energy Mandates 11

12 Can Be Tested w/doe Test Procedure Can t Be Tested w/doe Test Procedure CRE Prep and Buffet Table Architectures and Compliance Note Top Rail Bottom Storage Certification Required Criteria Power Supply No Power Supplied or From Common Supply With Top See Refrigeration Requirements Single Energy Source Power Supply Power Supply Yes Dual Energy Source With Single Source Requirement Top Rail Bottom Storage Certification Required Criteria Refrigerated: Cold Wall or Forced Air Dry Non-Refrigerated No Regular Buffet/Prep Construction No Classification Refrigerated: Cold Wall or Forced Air With Heat Being Rejected Directly Into Lower Section Refrigerated: Air In Lower Section Coming in Direct Contact With Top Rail and Single Condensing Unit No Heat From Upper Rail Is Being Absorbed Directly Into Lower Section Refrigeration System With Single Energy Source and Single Refrigeration System Refrigerated: Cold Wall or Forced Air With No Direct Contact With Lower Section Refrigerated: Cold Wall or Forced Air With No Direct Contact With Rail Section and Single Condensing Unit Yes Heat From Upper Rail Is Not Being Absorbed Directly Into Lower Section Refrigeration System With Single Energy Source and Single Refrigeration System Refrigerated: Cold Wall or Forced Air With Its Own Condensing Unit Refrigerated: Cold Wall or Forced Air With Its Own Condensing Unit Yes Dual Refrigeration System With Single Refrigeration System Requirement, Single or Dual Energy Source There Are No Exemptions From the Energy Standard for Commercial Refrigeration Equipment. However, There Are Some Equipment Types That Do Not Have a Test Procedure and Therefore Do Not Have to be Certified at This Time. 12

13 CRE Equipment DOE Analysis and Equations X-axis: size of equipment ft 3 Y-axis: energy draw kwh/day Equation format: Y = m(x) + b kwh = m(ft 3 ) + b 33 classes of equipment Remote condensing and self-contained open cases will not require major efficiency improvement challenges Self-contained vertical reach-ins will require significant efficiency improvement changes Equations y-intercept Slope % Delta % Delta VOP.RC.M 0.82 x TDA x TDA % % VOP.RC.L 2.27 x TDA x TDA % % SVO.RC.M 0.83 x TDA x TDA % % SVO.RC.L 2.27 x TDA x TDA % % HZO.RC.M 0.35 x TDA x TDA % % HZO.RC.L 0.57 x TDA x TDA % % VCT.RC.M 0.22 x TDA x TDA % % VCT.RC.L 0.56 x TDA x TDA % % HCT.RC.M 0.16 x TDA x TDA % % HCT.RC.L 0.34 x TDA x TDA % % VCS.RC.M 0.11 x V x V % % VCS.RC.L 0.23 x V x V % % HCS.RC.M 0.11 x V x V % % HCS.RC.L 0.23 x V x V % % SOC.RC.M 0.51 x TDA x TDA % % SOC.RC.L 1.08 x TDA x TDA % % VOP.SC.M 1.74 x TDA x TDA % % VOP.SC.L 4.37 x TDA x TDA % % SVO.SC.M 1.73 x TDA x TDA % % SVO.SC.L 4.34 x TDA x TDA % % HZO.SC.M 0.77 x TDA x TDA % % HZO.SC.L 1.92 x TDA x TDA % % VCT.SC.M 0.12 V x V % % VCT.SC.L 0.75 V x V % % VCS.SC.M 0.10 V x V % % VCS.SC.L 0.40 V x V % % 13

14 2017 v Energy Reduction Difference % CRE Equipment DOE Analysis and Equations 70% 67% 64% VCT.SC.M VCT.SC.M VCT.SC.L VCS.SC.M VCS.SC.L 2010 kwh = 0.12(V) (V) (V) (V) % 58% 55% 52% 49% 46% 43% 40% 37% 34% 31% 28% 25% VCS.SC.L VCT.SC.L VCS.SC.M Size ft kwh = 0.10(V) (V) (V) (V) Y-intercept % change Comparing 2017 vs Improvement reduces relatively for larger size machines VCT.SC.M 2. Improvement increases substantially for larger size machines VCT.SC.L VCS.SC.L 3. Improvement levels out for larger machines VCT.SC.L VCS.SC.L VCS.SC.M -74% -28% -33% 0% Slope % change -17% -61% -50% -45% 14

15 Commercial Refrigeration Equipment Design option vs. cost System Compressor CDU component $90 $ OEM Cost Adder $80 $70 Solid-Door Reach-In Refrigerator (DOE/ADL Study) VS Compr vs. comp. kwh/day $60 $50 Better insulation Better Insulation BPM Compr Mtr BPM motor 2.0 years Payback Hot gas Hot-Gas anti-sweat Antisweat $40 $30 ECM Evap Fan LED lighting 1.0 year kwh/day = comp. energy draw + lighting + fan + controls + others $20 $10 $0 ECM evaporator / condenser fan ECM Cond Fan High-effy. comp. Higher Eff Compr 0.5 year % Energy Saving 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% Total System Measurement Based on Equipment Type; CDU Is Treated as Component 15

16 Walk-In Coolers and Freezers (WICF) Equipment Classes Medium- or Low-Temp Multiplex Condensing Dedicated Single walk-in feed A packaged dedicated system where the unit cooler and condensing unit are integrated into a single piece of equipment A split dedicated system with separate unit cooler and condensing unit sections Multiplex Unit coolers matched to multiplex condensing rack system Recip. Hermetic, Semi-Hermetic Recip. or Scroll Compression <9K BTU/h or >= 9K BTU/h Indoor or Outdoor Medium- or Low-Temp Dedicated Condensing 16

17 Walk-In Coolers and Freezers (WICF) AWEF AWEF values calculated using AHR calculator with plugged-in assumptions for factors Can be simulated in the absence of full system build 17

18 DOE Design Options to Meet AWEF Summary Floating Head Pressure Modulating Evaporator Fans Electronically Commutated Motors Improved Evaporator Fan Blades Improved Condenser Fan Blades Variable Speed Condenser Fans Variable Speed Compressor Temperatureinitiated, Temperatureterminated Defrost Hot Gas Defrost Improved Coil Variable Speed Evaporator Fans Ambient Sub-cooling 18

19 WICF AWEF Improvement Design Option Costs Dedicated Condensing MT/LT by BTU/h $16,000 $14,000 Average Costs New Costs for Meeting AWEF $16,000 $3,269 $4, % $14,000 $12,000 $12,000 $10,000 $10,000 $8,000 $8,000 $6,000 $6,000 $4,000 $4,000 $2,000 $2,000 $ L M DC I - HER $1,528 $1,648 $2,130 $1,448 I - SCR $1,754 $1,873 $6,754 $2,348 $3,575 $6,233 I - SEM $1,993 $4,653 $2,588 $4,103 $4,242 O - HER $1,558 $1,678 $2,160 $1,479 O - SCR $1,785 $1,903 $6,819 $2,379 $3,615 $6,289 O - SEM $2,024 $2,154 $7,246 $9,133 $2,618 $4,143 $4,286 $ L M DC I - HER $2,171 $2,370 I - SCR $2,365 $2,204 $7,568 I - SEM $2,452 $7,571 $4,387 $4,568 O - HER $2,494 O - SCR $9,668 $2,682 $3,978 $7,003 O - SEM $10,530 $13,706 $4,603 $4,771 19

20 Automatic Commercial Ice Makers Overview Affecting batch ice machines also known as cubers Affecting continuous ice machines also known as flakers or nuggets Air or water cooled Self-contained or remote condensing Various harvest rates Frozen carbonated beverage machines not affected 20

21 Ice Machine Transient Model Automatic Commercial Ice Makers Cycle Understanding Start 30/110 15% Run Time Batch Continuous Both Ice Machine Improvement Levers Stabilize 15/115 70% Finish 0/105 10% Harvest 45/95 5% 21

22 Measures Being Taken to Increase Energy Efficiency More Efficient Fan Motors and Compressors, Along With LED Lighting and Electronic Controls, Are Being Used to Increase Energy Efficiency and Provide the Best ROI. Total Walk-Ins Reach-Ins Ice/FCB/SS Racks Switching to more efficient fan motors 71% 75% 74% 64% 83% Switching to more efficient compressors 69% 75% 74% 55% 75% Using LED lighting Using more electronic controls Using larger heat exchangers Switching to electronic expansion valves Improving the amount of insulation 35% 31% 29% 65% 59% 56% 71% 46% 75% 69% 60% 55% 67% 44% 37% 27% 50% 50% 17% 18% 50% 38% 37% 18% 25% Top energy efficiency improvements that will provide the best return on investment Switching to scroll compressors 26% 50% 20% 9% 17% Using adaptive electric defrost 26% 56% 20% 0% 50% Using floating head pressures 18% 44% 14% 9% 33% 22

23 Current Number of Models Listed CRE 37,616 ACIM 797 WICF 1,673 Google DOE CCMS or DOE enforcement mechanism Fines have been imposed Annual certification required by submitting new CCMS and supplemental testing forms each year 23

24 Thank You! Questions? Ani Jayanth Director, Product Marketing DISCLAIMER Although all statements and information contained herein are believed to be accurate and reliable, they are presented without guarantee or warranty of any kind, expressed or implied. Information provided herein does not relieve the user from the responsibility of carrying out its own tests and experiments, and the user assumes all risks and liability for use of the information and results obtained. Statements or suggestions concerning the use of materials and processes are made without representation or warranty that any such use is free of patent infringement and are not recommendations to infringe on any patents. The user should not assume that all toxicity data and safety measures are indicated herein or that other measures may not be required.