OUTLINE. Describe ETS with the headings:

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2 OUTLINE Describe ETS with the headings: What is It? What is the Market Opportunity/Promise of ETS? Recent Developments and Implications Summary and Conclusions

3 ELECTRIC THERMAL STORAGE (ETS) What is It? ETS is an electric heater with heat storage and controls. It allows the user to heat the ceramic bricks during off-peak (low electricity demand) times, usually at night. The stored heat can be used any time to heat the building. ETS can be used with diesel, hydro, wind, & solar power. ETS Room Units (with & without cover, showing electric elements and some bricks) ETS Furnace ETS Boiler Photos: Steffes Corporation, and Steffes Corporation,

4 What is the Market Opportunity/Promise of ETS? The S-shaped learning curve Sources:

5 What is the Market Opportunity/Promise of ETS? With growth in electricity use, we are slowly running out of existing sources of renewable energy. In this situation, ways of saving water for hydroelectricity generation by using other renewables are of greater benefit.

6 What is the Market Opportunity/Promise of ETS? Yukon Energy Corporation (YEC) has studied storing or saving more water in hydro reserves to generate more winter energy and spill less water in the spring and fall. This is becoming more critical for the utility. ETS with renewables can help.

7 What is the Market Opportunity/Promise of ETS? Utilities have long recognized the importance of reducing or shaving the peak demand, & instead increasing electricity load during periods of low electricity demand, known as filling valleys.

8 What is the Market Opportunity/Promise of ETS? Utilities recognize that these two factors (saving water and shifting demand) can mean: less fossil fuel is needed during peak demand periods, which reduces fuel cost, less fossil fuel back-up generation capacity is required another saving. Perhaps more interesting now

9 What is the Market Opportunity/Promise of ETS? ETS can also can mean that wind and solar energy can be used to save water: for use in displacing fossil fuel, and for hydro-electricity generation in the late winter and early spring.

10 What is the Market Opportunity/Promise of ETS? Several North American Utilities in over 20 states and provinces recognize the value of ETS: Provinces and states where ETS units are or have been used are shown in red. ETS use in Europe is widespread.

11 What is the Market Opportunity/Promise of ETS? One example in Alaska is the Chaninik Wind Group four communities in SW Alaska with wind generators. Results to Date: 30% reduction in fuel use for power generation 30% reduction in heating fuel use in residences with ETS. Source: p. 5

12 What is the Market Opportunity/Promise of ETS? In Yukon there are five ETS units in operation at: 158 Valleyview 703 Wheeler Street 58 Falcon Drive (2 units) 8 5 Klondike Road

13 What is the Market Opportunity/Promise of ETS? In Yukon 19 have expressed interest in ETS units: 58 Falcon Drive (13 units) Whitehorse various addresses (5 units)

14 What is the Market Opportunity/Promise of ETS? We know from experience in five provinces and more than 10 states that ETS is working well.

15 What is the market opportunity/promise of ETS? In Summerside, PEI, there are three options for ETS: lease to own, rental, or purchase. An off-peak rate is offered for 8 months of the year. ETS and DHW are controlled by time clocks & smart meter with wireless connectivity or fibre optic cable.

16 What is the Market Opportunity/Promise of ETS? In Nova Scotia (Nova Scotia Power), Time of use (TOU) rates are available (since 1996). Residents could access TOU rates only with an ETS Introductory rebates were provided. Word of mouth promotion played a major role. Half are in new construction; half in existing homes. Some ETS units are combined with ductless air source heat pumps for heating (cooling possible).

17 What is the Market Opportunity/Promise of ETS? In New Brunswick (New Brunswick Power), a 100 home pilot is underway (mostly employees). A high-speed internet connection is required. They are evaluating: the total installed cost, and financing options: discount, rental or a lower rate for charging at night.

18 Recent Developments and Implications A smart grid is a modernized electrical grid that uses automated analog or digital information and communications technology to: gather and act on information, and improve the efficiency, reliability, economics, and sustainability of the production and distribution of electricity Source: First Paragraph, Accessed 14 July 29

19 Recent Developments and Implications Smart grid technology can: be used to check the level of charge of ETS units. ensure that ETS units are charging when wind power is available, help make hydro-power work better, and help integrate wind and solar-generated electricity into the power grid. Source:

20 Recent Developments and Implications Grid-Interactive Electric Thermal Storage (GETS) has been successfully used in three provinces. It is a technology that: balances supply and demand provides better frequency control does not need a smart meter or a smart grid.

21 Recent Developments and Implications The result is very responsive regulation and valuable power management that: can improve grid stability, & can help better include renewable energy sources like wind and solar power generation in high volumes. Source:

22 Recent Developments and Implications Source: Luigi Zanasi et. al., Initial Economic Analysis of Electric Thermal Storage in the Yukon, March 31, 2014, Fig. 5, p. 23.

23 Recent Developments and Implications The initial Yukon study (March 2014) showed that: About 7.6 MW of capacity could be shifted away from morning and evening peak periods by installing ETS systems in houses. That s approximately the winter capacity of Mayo B. Source: Luigi Zanasi et. al., Initial Economic Analysis of Electric Thermal Storage in the Yukon, March 31, 2014, Fig. 5, p. 23.

24 Recent Developments and Implications The main conclusion of our first study was that: ETS is economic.

25 Recent Developments and Implications Another conclusion of our first study was that: Compensation to participating customers could be done through a direct grant, an ongoing kwh rebate in new and existing homes, or time of use rates.

26 Recent Developments and Implications Selecting which option is best is much like choosing between the option of a free cell phone with a higher monthly rate, or a purchased cell phone with a lower monthly rate. Source:

27 Recent Developments and Implications More information from the study: Switching from electric baseboards and oil heat to as few as 250 ETS units and up to ~1400 units, would be enough to reduce the peak load by up to 7.6 MW.

28 Recent Developments and Implications Other work currently underway in Yukon is providing additional information on the benefits & economics of ETS. E.g., we now know (study not yet published): approximately 40% of new homes are electrically heated, and use of ETS in diesel communities with wind power could permit use of electric heat, a potential new market for the electric utilities.

29 Recent Developments and Implications A pilot installation at 158 Valleyview is underway. User comments are favourable. Operation is being datalogged.

30 Recent Developments and Implications Work done has shown that: Selection of solar PV tilt angle can be customized to match circumstances. A vertical tilt angle can maximize winter solar production.

31 Recent Developments and Implications Work done by John Maissan has shown: With vertical positioning the energy available in winter months and early spring (Nov-May) is 50%, so that Solar PV can make a significant contribution to saving water for hydro generation in the late winter and early spring when water levels are typically lowest.

32 Recent Developments and Implications Work done previously has shown that: Solar PV is available in summer and shoulder seasons when electrical loads are at the highest part of the daily cycle and never at the lowest part of the daily cycle (night). Source:

33 Recent Developments and Implications Work now in progress is showing that: Cold climate air source heat pumps could reduce the amount of electricity used for heating by half on average (COP of 2), and provide further savings when used in combination with ETS.

34 Recent Developments and Implications Power Wall with ETS and Connected DHW storage: is expected to become part of the typical house for those who want renewables, and this has already started to happen in some U.S. states. Source:

35 Other Considerations Electric Thermal Storage (ETS): People in Yukon are seeing the connection between ETS and renewable energy use. People in Yukon have demonstrated that they are ready to act even before new rates are proposed. The two Yukon utilities will need to decide if they want to embrace this.

36 Summary Electric Thermal Storage (ETS): has been found to be economic in several jurisdictions in North America including Yukon, permits electricity sales for utilities with a reduction in peak demand, provides a significant fossil fuel saving, and enables more effective use of hydro-electricity.

37 Summary (continued) Electric Thermal Storage (ETS): permits the use of electric heat in diesel communities with wind and solar power, enables more effective integration of solar and windgenerated electricity in conjunction with hydroelectricity, and builds load for a new power plant.

38 Summary Grid-Integrated Electric Thermal Storage (GETS) is now seen as a technology that: can integrate high volumes of solar and windgenerated electricity in conjunction with hydroelectricity, and could lower the average cost of electricity, but is at a relatively early stage of development and is not needed in Yukon at this time.

39 Conclusions ETS is economic and worth developing further. GETS is an alternative worth investigating in the future.