SUPPLY OF MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENTS IN THE NUCLEAR INDUSTRY IN LATIN AMERICA

Transcription

1 SUPPLY OF MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENTS IN THE NUCLEAR INDUSTRY IN LATIN AMERICA GABRIEL CALLEROS MICHELAND CARLOS VILLANUEVA MORENO JORGE FLORES CALLEJAS

2 INTRODUCTION PRICES OF OIL IN THE PAST YEARS, CAUSED TO CHOOSE NUCLEAR ENERGY AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO SATISFY THE GROWTH OF ELECTRICITY DEMAND. NOW NUCLEAR ENERGY IS AN OPTION TO GENERATE BASELOAD ELECTRICITY WITHOUT EMISSION OF ANTHROPOGENIC GREENHOUSE GASES.

3 INTRODUCTION SOME COUNTRIES OF LATIN AMERICA CHOOSE TO EXPLORE THE POSIBILITY TO MANUFACTURE THEIR OWN FUEL TO FEED THEIR NUCLEAR REACTORS. IN LATIN AMERICA THERE ARE THREE COUNTRIES USING NUCLEAR ENERGY TO PRODUCE ELECTRICITY: ARGENTINA, BRAZIL AND MEXICO

4 OIL PRICES TREND

5 CO2 EMISSIONS IN ARGENTINA

6 NUCLEAR SHARE FOR ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION IN ARGENTINA Total Electricity Production (including Nuclear) GW.h (Net, 2015) Nuclear Electricity Production GW.h (Net, 2015)

7 Nuclear Power in Argentina Milestones Goverment bids for initial NPP Starts little mining of uranium In Sierra Pintada Las Marias mine of uranium is explored Starts by CNEA construction Commercial of Atucha 1 operation of (PHWR) Atucha 1 Commercial operation of Embalse DIOXITEC ( plant producing uranium dioxide) is founded CNEA & INVAP start developing of CAREM (Central Argentina de Elementos Modulares) Solid and liquid Radwaste treatment System in Atucha 2 completed by INVAP First connection to grid of Atucha 2 Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica (CNEA) Study for larger plant (CANDU) Starts construction of Embalse (CANDU) Starts contruction of Atucha 2 (PHWR) INVAP (Investigación Aplicada) is founded CONUAR (Combustibles Nucleares Argentinos) is founded Commercial operation of Embalse NASA (Nucleoléctrica Argentina SA) is founded

8 GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION OF ACTIVITIES IN ARGENTINA

9 INVAP (INVESTIGACIÓN APLICADA) Experience Built RP-0 in Peru Finish construction of RA-6 in Bariloche Built enrichment plant in Pilcaniyeu, in province of Río Negro Atucha 1 is repaired Born INVAP Ingeniería S.A RA-8 to test core of CAREM ETTR-2 and Fuel element plan in Egypt.

10 INVAP (INVESTIGACIÓN APLICADA) Experience Change of divisor plates of steam generator Participation to finish Atucha 2. Built of OPAL reactor in Australia Developing of homogeneous reactor for Babcock and Wilcox Contracts through AIEA to update NPP in Rumania and Libya.

11 INVAP (INVESTIGACIÓN APLICADA) Experience Radioisotopes production plant in Egypt Basic engineering from RP-10 in Peru I&C Modernization of TRIGA in Romania. RW from extraction of oil characterization in Saudi Arabia. Engineering, construction, assembly and startup of the liquids and solids RW treatment system of Atucha 2.

12 INVAP (INVESTIGACIÓN APLICADA) Experience Startup of plant for production of radioisotopes in Egypt.

13 CONUAR (COMBUSTIBLES NUCLEARES ARGENTINOS) EXPERIENCE Fabrication of: Natural and low enrichment uranium pellets Structural components for nuclear fuels. Control rods. Zircaloy tubes are produced by the subsidiary FAE S.A.

14 NASA (NUCLEOLÉCTRICA ARGENTINA) Commerce and Produce 1750 MWe -Juan Domingo Perón (Atucha 1) -Néstor Kirchner (Atucha 2) -Embalse Responsible for the life extension of these NPP and construction of a 4th NPP.

15 CO2 EMISSIONS IN BRAZIL

16 NUCLEAR SHARE FOR ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION IN BRAZIL Total Electricity Production (including Nuclear) GW.h (Gross, 2015) Nuclear Electricity Production GW.h (Gross, 2015)

17 Nuclear Power in Brazil Milestones Goverment bids for initial NPP Empresas Nucleares Brasileiras, S.A. (Nuclebrás) + Equipamentos Pesados S.A. (Nuclear Heavy Equipment, NUCLEP) Start construction of ANGRA 2 INB took over the front end fuel cycle & Furnas Centrais Elétricas S.A. for Angra 2 & 3 (Furnas) subsidiaries of Nuclebrás. Merge of Furnas & Nuclen to be Eletrobrás Termonuclear S.A. (Electronuclear) Start construction of ANGRA 3 National Research Institute Start construction of ANGRA 1 Uranium Open pit Indústrias Nucleares do Brasil S.A. (INB). Lagoa Real/Caetité Mine Commercial operation of ANGRA 1 Commercial operation of ANGRA 2 Stage 1 of uranium enrichment with centrifuge at Resende (INB) Finish operation of Uranium Open pit Lagoa Real/Caetité Mine

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19 NUCLEP (NUCLEAR HEAVY EQUIPMENT) Fabrication of: Tanks, Condensers, Accumulators, Reactor Pressure Vessels, Steam Generators, and Cylinders for NPP. Pressure vessels, process towers, reactors, heat exchangers,; steam turbine casing for power plants.

20 INB (INDUSTRIAS NUCLEARES DE BRASIL) Fabrication of nuclear fuel. INB s Nuclear Fuel Factory (FCN) is located in Engenheiro Passos, municipality of Resende, Rio de Janeiro. Extending over an area of 600 hectares, FCN industrial activities related to the nuclear fuel cycle: FCN Reconversão (UF6 to UO2 Conversion); FCN Pastilhas (production of UO2 pellets); FCN Componentes e Montagem (components and fuel element fabrication); and the isotope enrichment plant.

21 FURNAS Founded from hydroelectric dam at Furnas in the middle of 1950s. It is a subsidiary of Centrais Elétricas Brasileiras S.A. (ELECTROBRAS) Generation and transmission of energy 17 hydroelectric dams 2 thermal electrical plants 30 wind farms Km of transmission lines Substations Technological centers Approximately 10% of the energy requirements in Brazil

22 ELECTROBRAS-ELECTRONUCLEAR Commerce and Produce 1990 MWe -ANGRA 1 -ANGRA 2

23 CO2 EMISSIONS IN MEXICO

24 NUCLEAR SHARE FOR ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION IN MEXICO GENERATION 257,860 MWh Dual 6,04% Hydro 10,64% Wind Solar PV 0,70% 0,01% Coal 6,22% Nuclear 4,58% Geoth 2,35% CC 49,02% Thermal 20,43% Nuclear Electricity Production GW.h (Net, 2015)

25 Nuclear Power in Mexico Milestones CNSNS (Regulatory Body) Creation of the National Nuclear Energy Commission National Nuclear Energy Institute ININ (R&D) Uramex (Extinguished) Nuclear Law modification Extended Power Uprate (EPU) project at Laguna Verde Nuclear energy considerd clean energy Nuclear Power remains state owned PRODESEN August 14th Comisión Federal de Electricidad (CFE) Start Up TRIGA Mark III Construction of Laguna Verde Nuclear Power Plant Ley Reglamentaria del Artículo 27 Constitucional en materia nuclear (currently in force) Commercial operation Laguna Verde Units I & II New CFE Law for electricity ISFSI at Laguna Verde Site

26 LAGUNA VERDE Owner /Operator CFE Two identical BWR GE BWR/5 Unit 1 since july 1990 Unit 2 since april 1995 Thermal Capacity 2317MW (Original 1931 MW) Reference Power 775 MWe (each reactor). Net Desgin capacity MWe

27 CFE (Electricity Federal Commission) Founded in 1937 to avoid constant electrical interruptions and high electricity fares to the service given to 62% of the population and increase the electrical capacity of the country. Piping for transportation of gas Generation and transmission of energy 80 hydroelectric dams 85 thermal electrical plants 3 carbon 4 geothermal 3 wind farms 6 solar 2 nuclear Km of transmission lines 475 Substations Test Laboratory Meteorological Center Telecom (communication through the electrical net)

28 CFE (Electricity Federal Commission) Commerce and Produce with nuclear energy 1150 MWe -Laguna Verde Unit 1 -Laguna Verde Unit 2

29 PRODESEN (Program for Developing of the Electrical National System)

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31 ININ (NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NUCLEAR RESEARCH) Research and development of nuclear sciences and technology given specialized services to the industry in the general and to the medical branch in the particular. It has a research reactor TRIGA Mark III, with a neutron flux of n/cm2-seg reaches 1MW power with the new core with LEU Some of the projects and research lines are: -Developing of a calculation platform to analyze nuclear reactors. -Evaluation of the severe accident procedures in the BWR of Laguna Verde NPP. -Experimental fundaments for the renovation of the Laguna Verde NPP License (different welds, internal components and reactor pressure vessel). -Alternatives for the temporal storage of the spent fuel. -Uranium exploration by detection of Radio and Radon as radioactive natural guides in the Burgos Basin.

32 GEH (General Electric-Hitachi) Designer and supplier of the nuclear supply system (BWR-5, Mark II container) After receive uranium make fuel pellets and fuel assemblies. Supply fuel assemblies for Laguna Verde Units 1 and 2. Provides strategies for operational flexibility and licensing support. Each operational cycle personal from Laguna Verde is sent to GEH facilities (Wilmington, USA) to verify the new core and participate in the elaboration of control rods patterns.

33 NUKEM-TENEX Supply UF 6 with 4o/w enrichment in U-235 for Laguna Verde. Low enriched uranium from the IAEA Megatons to Megawatts Program from the Russia Federation (TENEX). UF 6 is sent to GEH facilities in Wilmington. Laguna Verde has to determine uranium needs at least 9 months before the start of the fuel fabrication and sent this information to NUKEM. NUKEM is represented in Mexico by Vertek Industrial Supply, Inc.

34 HOLTEC Designer and supplier of the vertical dry casks containers that have the spent fuel taken from the spent fuel pool. Dry casks are transported to the ISFSI (Independent Spent Fuel Storage Installation) located at Laguna Verde site. HOLTEC is represented in Mexico by Vertec Industrial Supply, Inc.

35 SUPPLY OF MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENTS IN THE NUCLEAR INDUSTRY IN LATIN AMERICA Thank you