Malini V Shankar. Principal Secretary, Government of Maharashtra

Transcription

1 Malini V Shankar Principal Secretary, Government of Maharashtra

2 Plan Urban water supply scenario, Maharashtra Performance parameters and the need for reforms Reforms in Urban Water in Maharashtra MSNA Emerging results 2

3 Liter per capita per day WATER SUPPLY RATE (LPCD) NORM FOR METRO NORM FOR OTHER SEWERED CITIES NORM FOR UNSEWED CITIES Cities not within Norms = 11 (41%) Mumbai Kolkata Delhi Chennai Bangalore Hyderabad Ahemedabad Surat Jaipur Nagpur Patna Indore Patiala Bhopal Coimbatore Kochi Vishakhapatnam Puri Agra Varanasi Allahabad Chandirgarh Raipur Thiruvanthapuram Deharadun Udaipur Faridabad Guwahati Shillong Shimla Gangtok Bhubneshwar Durgapur Ranchi Source : NEERI 3

4 Daily Hours of Water Supply Source: Chary (2011). No City lpcd Hours of Water Supply 1 Goa Mumbai Delhi Agra Hubli-Dharwad Ajmer-Pushkar Vijayawada Hyderabad Surat Nagpur France UK Kuala Lumpur Colombo Dakar, Senegal Jakarta

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7 Nine Performance Indicators 1. Coverage, Water Supply Connections 2. Per capita supply of water 3. Extent of metering 4. Continuity of water supply 5. NRW Reduction 6. Quality of water Supply 7. Redressal of complaints 8. Cost recovery in water supply services 9. Efficiency in collection of water charges 7

8 Issues Benchmarks Ground Reality 24x7 supply, Universal access, Efficiency, Sustainability Intermittent, Poor coverage(slums), High cost and NRW, Poor cost recovery 8

9 Water produced Authorise d consumpti on Water Losses Unaccoun ted for Water (UFW) Billed & Unauthoris ed Consumpti on Unbilled authorised consumpti on Apparent losses Real losses Billed & Metered Billed & Unmetered Unbilled & Metered Billed & Unmetered Theft Customer Meter Errors Data Errors Storage Losses Transmission Main Leakage Service Connection Leakage Revenue water Non-revenue water (NRW) Collected Uncollected Unbilled Source: India Infrastructure Report

10 Urban Water the need for Reforms

11 Parameters Utility Life Metered House Connections NRW Coverage Cost Recovery Supply Hours Sustainability > 29 Years 42 % 26 %? 89 % 64 %? 2.1 hours O&M cost > Reve-nue Source - March 2012, GoM Gazette 11

12 Gaps in Service Level Benchmarks Benchmark Maharashtra Coverage Connections Per Capita Supply 14.9 Metering Of Connections 1.7 Non Revenue Continuity Of Water (NRW) Supply Quality and Treatment Redressal Of Customer Complaints Cost Recovery Efficiency In Collection charges Nine Performance Indicators 12

13 Challenges Competing demand Increasing demand Sustainability of source Affordability & willingness to pay Maintenance of assets Operational sustainability 13

14 We Build- Neglect and Rebuild 14

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16 POLICY ENVIRONMENT 74 TH AMENDMENT CONFERRED RESPONSIBIITY OF WATER AND SANITATION ON ULBs JNURMM AND UIDSSMT ENCOURAGED REFORMS IN URBAN SECTOR, BUT NO SECTOR SPECIFIC REFORMS TARGETED MSNA LAUNCHED IN MAHARASHTRA IN 2010, TOOK OFF IN

17 Key feature of MSNA Reforms led investment for improved, sustainable services GoI has prescribed Benchmarks MSNA is an approach to reach the benchmarks; implementation in 3 phases 17

18 Water Supply Sewerage and Sullage Toilet Management Solid Waste Management Urban Reforms in WSS 18

19 5 Important Measures Technical GIS Hyd. Model DMA Rehabilitation of network Rehabilitation of network Pressure Management Leakage Management Reduction of NRW Intermit tent System Metering Bulk + Consumer Organization Commercial O&M to Sustain 24x7 Volumetric Pricing 24x7 System Policy Management Contracts Budget Adequate 19

20 House to House Survey Hyd. Model Bulk Meter Water + Energy Audit Pressure Management GIS Mapping PPP in O&M Computer Billing Phase-I ( ) Phase-II ( ) 24x7 in pilots Sustainable sources Metering 80% Collection efficiency (80%) Sewerage system MIS Tariff framing Solid waste Mgmt. ODF cities 24x7 System Metering 100% Collection efficiency (100%) Sewerage including STP Phase-III ( ) 20

21 Reforms and Expected Outcomes Consumer Survey Detect illegal connection Regularization Increased Revenue Water Audit and Metering Volumetric Pricing Assess NRW, Reduce leakages Save water, reduce expenditure Hydraulic modelling Rationalize network Reduced Capex, and O & M 21

22 Reforms and Expected Outcomes Energy Audit Increased efficiency Reduced expenditure Computerized billing Increased billing efficiency Increased income O & M Management Contracts Sustainability 22

23 Results emerge MSNA

24 Outcomes In 11 cities water audit led to reduction in wastage of water by 20%. In 14 cities, 4274 connections were regularised after consumer survey. Energy Audit of 32 cities was completed; in 8 of the 32 ULBs, pumping capacity improved to 40%. In 8 ULBs per capita water supply increased by 20 litres. Billing technology was revised in 5 ULBs and water bills are now issued every month to consumers, resulting in increase in revenue. 24

25 Results start emerging Increase in Revenue - Illegal connections identified - Better and regular billing cycle - Improved collection efficiency observed No of Households in city 1500 Rs L 1222 Rs L Existing Connections Ambejogai Pathri Ramtek Illegal Connections 585 Regularized Ambejogai Pathri Ramtek 25

26 Identification of % NRW Water Audit carried out Awareness regarding NRW took place due to reforms NRW in internal distribution is more Greater scope for household metering and efficient water management % 75.00% 85.58% 73.02% 71.00% 68.94% 50.00% 25.00% 0.00% 26

27 Energy Audit Increased pump efficiency leading to saving in power cost + Due to decreased NRW, pumping hours saved Expenditure on operations reduced (added savings) 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% 35% 44% 27

28 Translates to savings in expenditure 28

29 Improvements in Water Tax Collection (Rs. Lakhs/year) Billing efficiency has enhanced Monthly billing cycle being adopted Computerized billing mechanism adopted Outsourcing has also been done in some cases Tax Collection doubled in some cases Before MSNA After MSNA

30 Ambernath, Thane Ambernath Continuity NRW Complaint Redressal Collection Efficiency Metered Coverage Quality LPCD, (Litres) Cost Recovery Standards EXPENDITURE REVENUE 6.72 L

31 Thank you 31

32 Status Water Supply (No of Cities & Percent of Households) Class-C Class-B Class-A < 50% > 50% < 75% > 75% < 100% > 100% Existing Situation Class-A Class-B Class-C Total < 50% > 50% < 75% > 75 % < 100 % % Total

33 WATER AVAILABILITY 33

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35 21st Century- Set to become India's urban century India 35 States/ Union Territories 593 Districts, 5463 Sub- Districts 5161 Towns 6,38,588 Villages million will move to cities 2020 No. of cities (Popu. > 10 6 ) will double million will urbanize Urban Population (miilion) 50% population will live in urban areas by 2050 ICRIER Workshop, Source: 17 June Mint, 2013, The Pune Wall Street Journal, Mumbai, Dt 16 August

36 Improved Efficiency and sustainable ULB Consumer Survey Water Audit Energy Audit Approved Reform Agenda Installation of Bulk Meters Hydraulic Modeling Pressure Management GIS Mapping Computerized Billing 36

37 Percentage of households having drinking water facility within the premises by district, 2011 National Average : 46.6% State Average : 59.4% Highest : 77.2 % Mumbai (suburban) Lowest : 27.0 % Gadchiroli Number of districts

38 Phase-wise Activity Targets under MSNA Phase I Short Term ( ) MSNA I Water Supply Sewerage Sanitation Solid Waste Activity / Target - House to house data base - Hydraulic Modeling & Bulk Metering - Metering of Industrial, Commercial & Bulk Consumers - Conducting Water & Energy Audits - Mapping sources of pollution of water bodies - Improving existing network & treatment system - Increasing Coverage - Study of existing onsite systems - Implementing de-centralised & low cost sewerage system - Preparing Sanitation Plan & survey for coverage - Preparing City solid waste plan 38

39 Finance MSNA I Services for Urban Poor Activity / Target - Improving Billing & Collection system - Ring Fencing UWSS Operations - Achieving Financial Sustainability - Improving services for Urban Poor on Mumbai Pattern - Establishing Complaint redressal system General - Preparing City level UWSS Business Plan - Initiating O&M Contracts - Preparing Institutional Reforms - Preparing Regulatory Frame work - Restructuring of MJP Outcome Blue print for institutional reforms prepared Improved services & financial Sustainability within existing infrastructure Improvement plan in place 39

40 Phase II Medium Term ( ) MSNA II Water Supply Sewerage Sanitation Solid Waste Finance Services for Urban Poor General Activity / Target - Improving service delivery including universal coverage - Sustainable source of water - Metering all household consumers - Implementing Augmentation schemes - Implementing Comprehensive sewerage schemes - Implementation of City Sanitation Plan - Ensuring Full coverage & safe disposal - Continuation of improved services ensured - Achievement of Financial Sustainability - Implementation of Complaint redressal system - Implementation of O&M Contracts - Implementation of Institutional Reforms - Adoption of Regulatory Frame work - Restructuring of MJP 40

41 MSNA Phase II Medium Term ( ) Outcome Universal Coverage 24X7 water supply in Pilot cities Full Cost recovery More accountable, autonomous & customer oriented service delivery models Contractual arrangement for service delivery in place 41

42 Phase III Long Term ( ) Achievement of Service Level Benchmarks Water Supply 24 x 7 in all ULBs implemented Sewerage Additional facility for Treatment & disposal of waste water provided Sanitation Solid waste Efficient maintenance of sanitation facilities achieved Developing additional scientific landfills to cater to the needs of next 25 years developed Improving Financial Sustainability Credit rating at least 2 notches more that investment grade rating (BBB+ or above ) achieved ULB s raise Municipal Bonds based on escrowing of water supply & sewerage revenues Improved Environmental Sustainability The NRW sustained at targeted levels (less than 15% ) 100% waste water treatment implemented to adhere to MPCB norms 42

43 Funding Capex (Rs. Million) S. N. Requirement of Funds for Capital expenditure (in Rs. Million) Funds requirement MSNA I MSNA II 1 JNNURM 17,279 28,800 2 MMR Towns 2,730 12,017 3 Other towns 15,096 49,089 4 Implementation of reforms - Support to MSNA CMU Capacity building at ULB level and other reforms Water and energy audit Billing and AB Double Entry Accounting System Preparation of City Sanitation Plan Total investment requirement till ,706 89,906 43

44 Funding Capex (Rs. Million) S. N. Requirement of Funds for Capital expenditure (in Rs. Million) Funds requirement MSNA I MSNA II 1 JNNURM 17,279 28,800 2 MMR Towns 2,730 12,017 3 Other towns 15,096 49,089 4 Implementation of reforms - Support to MSNA CMU Capacity building at ULB level and other reforms Water and energy audit Billing and AB Double Entry Accounting System Preparation of City Sanitation Plan Total investment requirement till ,706 89,906 44

45 Funding Opex (Rs. Million) S. N. Requirement of Funds for O&M deficit Annual O&M requirement for towns in Maharashtra (A) 1 JNNURM excluding Mumbai 22,657 25,156 2 MMR Towns excluding Mumbai 5,620 6,239 3 Other towns 25,559 28,378 Cost Recovery through user charges (B) 1 JNNURM excluding Mumbai 14,703 16,325 2 MMR Towns excluding Mumbai 3, Other towns 16,595 18,425 O&M deficit (A B) 1 JNNURM excluding Mumbai 7,953 8,830 2 MMR Towns excluding Mumbai 1,973 2,190 3 Other towns 8,964 9,953 TOTAL GAP O&M gap to be met through efficiency improvements, increase in tariffs, better collection efficiency, etc. 18,890 20,973 45

46 Percentage of households having drinking water facility within the premises by district % 59.4% Number of districts Number of districts

47 % of households Percentage of households by source of drinking water facility in Maharashtra, % 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% More than half (50.2%) of the households have tap as source of drinking water in the rural areas while in urban areas it is 89.1% 10% 0% Rural Urban Total Tap Handpump/Tubewell Well Other Sources 47

48 Scenario Water - India

49 Water Resources in India Annual precipitation: 4000 km³ High spatial and temporal variability Annual utilizable water Surface water: 690 km³/year Groundwater : 396 km³/ year (of which 71 km³/ year is for drinking water (Source: Water Resources in India, R Kumar et al, Current Science 89(5), 2005) 49

50 (m illion) 世界 IWA - The Premier Global Network for Water Professionals ,000+ members in over 120 countries Professions: Science & research, utilities, consultants, regulators, manufacturers Scope > All aspects of water management -> water and wastewater Leading Edge of science and practice 0 BC 400 BC 200 AD

51 Growth is More in Less Developed Countries Billions Less Developed Regions 2 1 More Developed Regions Source: United Nations, World Population Prospects: The 2004 Revision (medium scenario),

52 Water Availability Per Capita

53 Water Availability Per Capita

54 Water Stress Changes to % of future stress from population & development, not climate change! Vörösmarty et al

55 Competing demands (Source: Charting our water future: Economic framework to inform decision-making 2030 Water Resources Group, 2009) MENA S. America Europe N. America Rest of Asia Sub-Saharan Africa India China billion m³ Agriculture Industry Municipal & Domestic 55

56 Worldwide Water Use by Sector 56

57 Low Level Investment Low Tariff and Cost Recovery Low Service level Low Willingness to Pay Source: CMG, ASCI, Hydrabad 57

58 UNDERYING CAUSES OF PROBLEM WATER AN ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, EMOTIVE GOOD PRESUMED RIGHT TO BE SUPPLIED FREE OF COST INCREASING COST OF PRODUCTION AND TRANSPORT OF WATER LARGE BUDGETARY REQUIREMENTS 58

59 UNDERYING CAUSES OF PROBLEM LOW DEBT SERVICING CAPABILITY OF ULBs FINANCIAL VIABILITY AN ISSUE Reluctance to levy appropriate tariff Weak enforcement of recovery LACK OF PROFESSIONAL MAINTENANCE OF ACCOUNTS POOR BILLING AND COLLECTION EFFICIENCIES 59

60 UNDERYING CAUSES OF PROBLEM WEAK APPROACH TOWARDS WATER MANAGEMENT (limited to water supply) LACK OF DEDICATED AND TRAINED PROFESSIONALS AND WEAK INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS FOR O & M 60