ME 5312 SOLAR THERMAL TECHNOLOGIES Spring 2008 Tu,Th 9:05-11:00 Rapson Hall Rm 54

Transcription

1 ME 5312 SOLAR THERMAL TECHNOLOGIES Spring 2008 Tu,Th 9:05-11:00 Rapson Hall Rm 54 This course will focus on the fundamentals and applications of solar thermal energy systems. The subject is an application of the fundamental knowledge gained in an undergraduate heat transfer course. Completion of an undergraduate course in thermodynamics and heat transfer is a prerequisite to registration. Instructor: Text: Lecture: Professor Jane Davidson 3101E Mechanical Engineering jhd@me.umn.edu Office Hours Tu, Th 3-4:00 or by appointment ( or just ask in class) SOLAR ENGINEERING OF THERMAL PROCESSES Third Edition, by Duffie and Beckman. SELECTED READING to be assigned Attendance is required at all lectures. We will have the opportunity for several special lectures in collaboration with students in Architecture as part of the class project Assignments: Reading and homework assignments will be given during class lecture. The tentative schedule includes recommended reading and homework for most weeks. In general homework will be due at the beginning of lecture on Tuesdays. You may work with other students on the homework problems. Begin on them early so that there will be time for productive discussion. Late problem sets will not be accepted. Some of the homework problems will be much easier to work using the Engineering Equation Solver (EES). This package is particularly useful for thermodynamic calculations as extensive property tables are included. We will also use F-Chart, a design tool for solar thermal systems. You may obtain the software free of charge at Project: There will be two projects. 1) Independent individual research on a topic in renewable energy not covered in class. A list of acceptable topics will be provided. A report and oral presentation to the class will be required and scheduled throughout the semester. 2) A team design project that will integrate various aspects of the course and will provide you some real life experience. The project will be collaboration with students in Architecture. A report and oral presentation will be required and will be due the last week of class. Date and time of oral presentations TBA. Grading: Homework 20% (participation) Exams (2) 40% Individual Research Project 10% Team Project 30% 1

2 Grading Standards University of Minnesota Grading Standards: A Achievement that is outstanding relative to the level necessary to meet course requirements B Achievement that is significantly above the level necessary to meet course requirements C Achievement that meets the course requirements in every respect D Achievement that is worthy of credit even though it fails to meet fully the course requirements S Achievement that is satisfactory, which is equivalent to a C- or better F (or N) Represents failure (or no credit) and signifies that the work was either: 1) completed but at a level of achievement that is not worthy of credit or 2) was not completed and there was no agreement between the instructor and the student that the student would be awarded an incomplete. I (Incomplete) Assigned at the discretion of the instructor when, due to extraordinary circumstance, e.g., hospitalization, a student is prevented from completing the work of the course on time. Requires a written agreement between instructor and student. Academic Dishonesty The Institute of Technology expects the highest standards of honesty and integrity in the academic performance of its students. Any act of scholastic dishonesty is regarded as a serious offense, which may result in expulsion. The Institute of Technology defines scholastic dishonesty as submission of false records of academic achievement; cheating on assignments or examinations; plagiarizing, altering, forging, or misusing an academic record; taking, acquiring, or using test materials without faculty permission; acting alone or in cooperation with another to obtain dishonestly grades, honors, awards, or professional endorsement. Aiding and abetting an act of scholastic dishonesty is also considered a serious offense. Dishonesty in this class will be treated as a failure of the entire course. 2

3 Tentative Schedule Week Topic Reading Problems Assignment (additional probs. may be assigned) Jan. 22 Introduction to course, Solar systems Introduction to Flat plate collectors Solar Radiation: Definitions, Angles , 1.5 Shading, Extraterrestrial Radiation a, 1.7, 1.10 Jan. 29 Solar Radiation: Definitions, Angles Shading, Extraterrestrial Radiation (cont.) Radiation Data & Processing , 2.3, 2.6 a-f Feb. 5 Radiation on Sloped Surfaces 2.16, a, b (ρ g =0.3, 0.7) Utilizability Concepts 2.19a Feb. 12 Heat Transfer Topics , 3.2, 3.9, 3.14, 3.15 Radiation fundamentals Feb. 19 Spectral Radiation Properties Chapter 4 4.2, 4.3, 4.6 Transmitted/Absorbed Radiation a-c, 5.a Feb. 26 Flat Plate Collectors; Loss Coefficients 6.1, 6.3, F, F', F", F R, Q U Critical Radiation; Mean Temperatures; , 6.11, 6.12 Liquid Heaters; Air Heaters Collector Characterizations and Tests 6.16, March 4 Energy Storage , 8.4 Solar Process Loads; System Analysis Ch. 9, , 10.8 March 11 EXAM I March 13 Energy Design Assistance in Practice Guest Lecture by Dr. Lara Greden, RH 47 March 18 Spring Break March 25 Assign Project Team project on solar design with Architecture class System Analysis and Computation Chapters 12, 19 & 20 April 1 Solar Cooling Chapter 15 3

4 April 8 Concentrating Systems Ch. 7, Ch. 17, Review articles, notes April 15 Photovoltaics Guest Lecture by Professor Paul Imbertson, EE Chapter 23 April 22 Economics Chapter 11 April 29 May 6 Catch up EXAM II Team Preparation Day May 17 Final Team Presentations (Saturday Noon 3:30) 4

5 COURSE NUMBER: ME 5312, 4 credits TERMS OFFERED: Spring, alternate even years. TEXTBOOKS/REQUIRED MATERIAL: Solar Thermal Engineering of Thermal Processes by J.A. Duffie and W.A. Beckman, Wiley. COURSE LEADER(S): J.H. Davidson CATALOG DESCRIPTION: In this course we will start with consideration of solar energy itself, including radiation fundamentals, measurement, and data processing required to predict solar irradiance with respect to time, location and orientation. Then we will examine the characteristics of various components in solar thermal systems (with particular emphasis on flat plat and concentrating collectors, heat exchangers, and thermal storage) to understand how they work and how their performance is influenced by their design. This will lead us to an examination of systems and system performance, including system design, predicted energy savings and economics. The focus will be on low temperature applications for solar hot water, space heating and water distillation. Concentrating solar energy, including solar thermo-chemical processes to produce hydrogen and solar power systems, and photovoltaics will be introduced. A solar design project will be assigned. COURSE TITLE: Solar Thermal Engineering PREREQUISITES: ME 3331, 3332, 3333 Thermal Sciences I, II, III, IT upper division or Grad student. PREPARED BY: Jane H Davidson DATE OF PREPARATION: May 2007 CLASS/LABORATORY SCHEDULE: Two 90 minutes sessions per week CONTRIBUTION OF COURSE TO MEETING PROFESSIONAL OBJECTIVES: 100 % Engineering Topics COURSE TOPICS: 1. Overview of current technology and emerging trends in the application of solar energy systems 2. Introduction to solar thermal design systems 3. Solar radiation: definitions, angles, extraterrestrial radiation, spectral radiation properties, radiation on sloped surfaces. 4. Solar radiation measurement and data processing 5. Heat Transfer analysis of flat-plate collectors with review and application of radiation, conduction and convective heat transfer. 6. Liquid and air collector characterization and test procedures. 7. Heat exchanger design and characterization 8. Energy storage, both sensible and phase change 9. Solar process loads 10. System analysis and computational tools to predict annual energy savings 11. Optical considerations for concentrating collectors. 12. Introduction to solar chemistry to produce hydrogen in concentrating systems 13. Introduction to photovoltaic systems and their application 14. Design methods including f-chart and Utilizability 15. Economic analyses of solar systems including payback and life cycle costing 1

6 COURSE OBJECTIVES COURSE OUTCOMES ASSESSMENT TOOLS: 1. Apply thermodynamic principles to determine the thermal performance (energy savings) of solar thermal systems 2. Apply fundamental principles of conductive, radiative, and convective heat transfer to the design analysis of solar energy components 3. Strengthen understanding of basic radiation through analysis of solar radiation data and collector design 4. Obtain physical insight unique to solar thermal systems, in particular the limitations imposed by individual component design and operating conditions. 5. Strengthen understanding of chemical thermodynamics through the analysis of high temperature production of hydrogen in several chemical systems. 6. Apply economic analysis to evaluate various energy production technologies 7. Gain a working knowledge of the theory of photovoltaic solar cells. 8. Apply state of the art simulation tools to evaluate solar systems for specific application and geographic locations. 9. Carry out a team design project to size and cost a solar system. (Letters shown in brackets are linked to program outcomes a-k) 1. Consider the solar energy options and role of solar energy in achieving a sustainable energy future.[f, h, j] 2. Demonstrate the application of mass, momentum, energy balances applied to solar thermal systems and their design.[a, c, e] 3. Understand the measurement of solar radiation and analyze available data to predict solar irradiance as a function of time, geographic location and orientation[a, b, e, h, j] 4. Apply heat transfer analysis to collectors, heat exchangers and thermal storage.[a, e] 5. Use f-chart or other appropriate software to design solar thermal systems[a, c, e, j, k] 6. Understand how photovoltaic cells operate[a, e] 7. Understand thermo-chemical processes to produce solar fuels [a, e, j] 8. Apply economic analyses to evaluate solar and competing non-solar technologies[a, e, h, j, k] 9. Work as part of a team to design a solar system and present the design in a class presentation and written report [a, c, d, e, g, k] 1. Exams (1 mid-term and 1 final exam) 2. In class problems & discussion 3. Homework problem sets 4. Design project ME 5312 Nature of Changes: This document was reviewed by Jane Davidson May, 2007 and no changes were made. 2