Transport, Ports & the SDGs. Vincent F. Valentine UNCTAD

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Transport, Ports & the SDGs. Vincent F. Valentine UNCTAD"

Transcription

1 Transport, Ports & the SDGs Vincent F. Valentine UNCTAD

2 An global organisation focused upon helping developing countries integrate into world trade Consensus building Technical assistance and capacity building Research & analysis

3 Sustainability Reporting Mandatory Vs Volunatry Policy and performance in connection with environmental and social responsibility Only 56% of 25 emerging markets require this item, yet 91% of 188 of the largest companies in those markets were disclosing it.

4 Background - Sustainable Development Bruntland report 1987: The Three Pillars - i.e. economic growth, social inclusion and environmental sustainability. Earth Summit 1992 (Rio): The future we want UNCSD 2012 (Rio+20): Balanced Integration 2030 ASD and SDGs: Towards A More Holistic Approach to Development?

5 Millennium Development Goals (MDG) Many critics, very parochial etc..

6

7 SDG 1. End poverty in all its forms everywhere 2. End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition, and promote sustainable agriculture 3. Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages 4. Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote life-long learning opportunities for all 5. Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls 6. Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all 7. Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable, and modern energy for all 8. Promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all 9. Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and foster innovation 10. Reduce inequality within and among countries 11. Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable 12. Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns 13. Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts* 14. Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development 15. Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss 16. Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels 17. Strengthen the means of implementation and revitalize the global partnership for sustainable development

8 Trade indicators proposed by UNCTAD/WTO/ITC Targets Total # of Targets Goals 1 Poverty Hunger Health Education Gender Water Energy Economy Infrastructure Inequality Cities Consumption Climate Sea Land Peace Partnership Total 72% 28% 169 Through these actions UNCTAD contributes to progress on 52 specific SDG targets

9 Goal develop quality, reliable, sustainable and resilient infrastructure, including regional and trans-border infrastructure, to support economic development and human well-being, with a focus on afford 9.4 by 2030 upgrade infrastructure and retrofit industries to make them sustainable, with increased resource use efficiency and greater adoption of clean and environmentally sound technologies and industrial processes, all countries taking action in accordance with their respective capabilities able and equitable access for all

10 Goal by 2030, provide access to safe, affordable, accessible and sustainable transport systems for all, improving road safety, notably by expanding public transport, with special attention to the needs of those in vulnerable situations, women, children, persons with disabilities and older persons 11.6 by 2030, reduce the adverse per capita environmental impact of cities, including by paying special attention to air quality, municipal and other waste management 11.a support positive economic, social and environmental links between urban, peri-urban and rural areas by strengthening national and regional development planning

11 Goal targets and UNCTAD contributes to them all UNCTAD is leading inter-agency dialogue on monitoring and accountability of the means for implementation targets For full details see Sustainable Development Solutions Network (SDSN)

12 Ports

13 Mapping SDGs & Ports What else can be added? Source: Adapted from:

14 Port Sustainability Reporting DP World's sustainability reporting announced that the company's CO2e emissions intensity had reduced by 3% over its 2013 figures to 15.8kgCO2e/ModTEU. This represents a significant decrease from the 20.2 kgco2e/modteu it report for 2008.

15 Added benefits of transport data It identifies investment areas It identifies best practices It defines improvements and encourages more It starts a chain reaction which can spread along the logistics chain. Ultimately it can lead to lower transport costs

16 Wish List Cargo dwell time Crane moves ph Loading/discharging volume ph Ship turnaround time Time in port Time at berth

17 Ongoing research (coal & iron ore) 33,000+ port calls 70,000+ IMO Vessels 10,000+ UNLOCODES 150+ ports 240+ terminals 15 countries Row Labels Count of Sample Average of Waiting Average of Working Time Sum of QUANTITY Average of QUANTITY Average of $pd Sum of $ wait Sum of $ Work Sum of 2008 $ wait INDONESIA ,875,466 70,094 $ 12,548 $ 82,442, ,775,044 $ 371,442, ,760,357 64,292 $ 12,039 $ 12,383,301 30,096,820 $ 53,713,386 Coal ,760,357 64,292 $ 12,039 $ 12,383,301 30,096,820 $ 53,713,386 DISC ,000 70,000 $ 12,035 $ 10,531 36,105 $ 48,682 LOAD ,690,357 64,281 $ 12,039 $ 12,372,770 30,060,715 $ 53,664,703 ADANG BAY ,830,714 64,849 $ 12,016 $ 13,377,729 22,485,291 $ 59,763,481 Coal ,830,714 64,849 $ 12,016 $ 13,377,729 22,485,291 $ 59,763,481 LOAD ,830,714 64,849 $ 12,016 $ 13,377,729 22,485,291 $ 59,763,481 BONTANG, KL ,161,674 69,758 $ 11,861 $ 8,479,120 2,015,567 $ 38,455,139 Coal ,161,674 69,758 $ 11,861 $ 8,479,120 2,015,567 $ 38,455,139 LOAD ,161,674 69,758 $ 11,861 $ 8,479,120 2,015,567 $ 38,455,139 CIGADING ,083,603 78,209 $ 13,802 $ 6,998,453 5,864,244 $ 30,033,083 Coal ,456,330 55,826 $ 11,608 $ 4,562,505 2,675,716 $ 18,721,585 DISC ,277,950 52,976 $ 11,372 $ 4,431,999 2,458,206 $ 18,052,411 LOAD , ,380 $ 21,751 $ 130, ,510 $ 669,174 Iron Ore ,627, ,108 $ 18,399 $ 2,435,948 3,188,528 $ 11,311,499 DISC ,462, ,148 $ 18,232 $ 2,109,683 2,971,018 $ 9,638,564 LOAD , ,313 $ 21,751 $ 326, ,510 $ 1,672,935

18 The data must be shared

19 Transparency is key Make a commitment to publish regardless of the numbers

20 The data should ideally be in one place Raw data should be freely downloadable and open to interpretation by anyone Including academia Best practices can quickly be identified Investment targets can be identified Ports can thus advertise their best light e.g. the most efficient port in the south west

21 UNCTADSTAT

22 Challenges Why would ports want to be publically compared? It raises more questions than answers. Ports can do their own ad hoc private studies when they need. The long term benefit of being compared don t outweigh the immediate cost (embarrassment). Similar to sustainable transport issues The positive arguments are too weak: e.g. Lowering transport cost (for port users/end users) Identifying investment areas Identify best practices Governments reluctant to have their country ranked (e.g. LPI)

23 Investment challenge Source: UNCTAD World Investment Report 2014

24 In June 2015 the G7 reiterated their commitment to the Copenhagen Accord to jointly mobilize $100 billion per year by 2020 through the green climate fund. Global Climate Fund

25 Thank You