5/8/2018. Healing the Waters Through Ecological Design & Engineering. John Todd, Ph.D.

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1 Healing the Waters Through Ecological Design & Engineering John Todd, Ph.D. Professor Benoit Cushman Roisin s Sustainable Design Class, Dartmouth College, May 8,2018 1

2 Eco-Design & Eco-Mimetics Unlocking Nature s Operating Instructions Please see for further details 2

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4 Limonera WWT & Reuse, Santa Paula, California 4

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6 Designs for Southern Africa Towards an Invisible Technology at Langrug, Western Cape Province, South Africa 6

7 Flexible Sewers for Informal Communities A living sewer system will expand upon the example set by the ad hoc sewer found in the upper region of Mandela Park. The proposed system retains the flexibility of the ad hoc sewers while creating a system which is more robust, less prone to fouling, easier to maintain, effects treatment of the greywater, recharges the groundwater table, and contributes to the overall greening of Langrug. The living sewer system combines collection, conveyance, treatment and disposal in a novel holistic system. Collection points are evenly spaced every 8-10 meters throughout the community and provide pre-filtration removing fines and food-scraps that can cause the sewers to clog. Along the path of conveyance Micro-Wetlands provide biological filtration and maintain an aerobic condition. Above ground these wetlands are small well irrigated gardens that enhance the community. Branching sewer lines converge upon Phototrophic Soil Makers (PSM) these are deep pit tree wells where greywater is purified through the processes of adsorption, decomposition and root associated micro-organisms and fungal communities. The PSM removes nutrients and organic material converting them to humus and allowing purified effluent to infiltrate back into the ground. As a disposal system the PSMs can be though of as creating a highly decentralized septic field. Compared to a conventional septic field this mechanism of discharge creates steeper gradients of soil moisture and a more dynamic subterranean condition. This system can function both independent-of and in-concert-with the eco-machine designed for Bioremediation and treatment of greywater at Langrug. If constructed the Eco-Machine will be an end of the line treatment cleaning pre-filtered water to a higher level. Unlike a conventional foul sewer this living sewer is designed to grow and shift along with the community. Over time the system will leave behind a network of deep planted tree wells with rich high carbon soils. Healthy soil is the by far the most effective way to retain moisture in a landscape, and these tree wells will now serve a new role as locuses of stormwater retention, mitigating flooding and creating a landscape of abundance. KEY Collection and prefiltration Micro-Wetland Phototrophic Soil Maker Small diameter piping Direction of Flow Eco-Machine 7

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12 A Living Building Challenge Structure at Omega That Treats Sewage at the Source 12

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15 RESTORER TECHNOLOGIES Purifying Fresh and Salt Waters Hawaii Four Seasons Resort s Salt Water Treatment for Aquaculture Lagoons 15

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18 Trinity River Restorer Eco- Machines Restorer Technology in Fuzhou, China Sewage Laden Canal Treatment 18

19 Contaminated Urban Waters 19

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21 Decontaminating Industrial Waters The Blackstone River Canals, Grafton, MA 21

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24 Canal Restorer 24

25 The Toxic Legacy of Coal Mining Waste An Ecological Approach TCCCC 25

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27 Appalachian Spring Creating Soils & Crops on Damaged Lands The Crisis in Appalachia Mountain Top Removal, Valley Fill Coal Mining & Massive Soil Loss 27

28 On top of the mountain 28

29 Conventional Reclamation: No Soil Building Ecological Soil Creation With Fungi, Charcoal & Native Perennial Grasses 29

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31 Oceans at Risk Reversing the Trend 31

32 Proposed Reef Protector Two Miles in Length 32

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34 Basic Concepts Eco Technologies for Purifying Salt Water Marine Algae Turfs Purifying & Nutrient Removing Organisms on Attached Films 34

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38 5/8/2018 Ocean Arks: Solar and Wind Powered Vessels For Purifying Inshore Marine Waters 38

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41 Greening the Sinai Desert Oasis Eco Machines 41

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43 Bardawil Lake...Resource based society... Re-greening the Sinaï 43

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