Local Policy Tools to Increase Recycling. A Tri-State Webinar

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1 Local Policy Tools to Increase Recycling A Tri-State Webinar DECEMBER 14, 2017

2 Welcome Introduction Webinar Format Policy Tools Fort Worth, Texas Loveland, Colorado Albuquerque, New Mexico Q&A

3 Who is the Carton Council? Group of carton manufacturers formed in 2008 working to increase recycling of cartons Expanded access from 18% to >60% today Worked to develop a carton grade PSI 52 Encourage implementation of proven policies/best practices

4 Why Encourage Certain Policies? Certain policies proven effective at moving the needle Relatively low cost Best practices key to success One size does not fit all

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6 Effective Policies Include Universal Recycling Single-family, commercial, multi-family, public space/events Best when pricing is bundled no opt in Pay-As-You-Throw Base price includes recycling, may include yard trimmings and base level of service Additional fee for additional disposal Incremental costs MUST be adequate to encourage recycling Flexible many ways to implement

7 Effective Policies Include Hauler Licensing Works well when multiple haulers serving a community Single-family, commercial, multi-family, public space/events Applicable to all community sizes Can provide leverage for eventually implementing PAYT/universal recycling

8 Other Critical Elements Best practices, including Enforcement Communication/education Robust end markets Adequate funding Goals Performance tracking

9 Policy Tools Keys to success Policies that support attributes of healthy programs PAYT fact sheet Universal recycling fact sheet Mandatory provision of service through hauler licensing How to implement a local ordinance Sample ordinances Benefits of a strong recycling program es/government.php ico.com/technical-assistanceand-funding-resources/ g/publications/policy-tools/

10 Ways to Use Tools Learn various ways policies can be implemented in a variety of communities Use to spread awareness among local decision makers and elected officials Share with your SWAC

11 Another Resource

12 Multi-Family Recycling Ordinance Successes & Challenges D E B B I E B R A N C H S U P E R I N T E N D E N T C O D E C O M P L I A N C E D E P A R T M E N T S O L I D W A S T E S E R V I C E S D I V I S I O N

13 Ordinance Background Desire to reduce landfilled recyclables Provide recycling opportunity to all residents Other Texas cities with multifamily recycling requirements Multifamily recycling ordinance passed December 2011 (8 + unit complexes) as part of the Crime Free Multi-Housing Ordinance 13

14 Multi-Housing Recycling Program Requirements Multi-Housing Landlord (8+ Units) must submit recycling plan Plan must include Materials to be recycled Method of collection & storage of recyclables Frequency of pick-ups by approved waste hauler Property diagram showing the container location(s) 14

15 Recycle Plan Implementation Submitted plans approved by City Landlord implements plan within 30 days 15

16 Recycle Plan Waivers A waiver to providing a recycling plan may be granted by Director if Implementation is impossible Implementation is impractical Landlord can show no tenants wish to recycle 16

17 Manager/Landlord Recycling Training 17

18 Manager/Landlord Recycling Training 18

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27 Survey Phone Survey of 40 complexes staff during summer of 2015 & 2017 Contamination Participation Inconvenience 27

28 Garbage Reduction & Contamination Reduced Garbage complex reduced garbage service 2017 None reduced garbage service Complexes Reporting Problematic Contamination % reported problematic contamination % reported problematic contamination Increase in education and waivers between the years 28

29 Sample Commercial Garbage/Recycle Cost Type of Pickup Cost of Garbage Cost of Recycling Cost of Recycling/Cost of Garbage 2 cy/ 1x week $25.75 $ % more 2 cy / 3x week $77.00 $ % 4 cy/ 2x week $66.00 $ % 6 cy / 2x week $98.00 $ % 8 cy / 1x week $62.50 $ % 8 cy / 3x week $ $ % 30 cy open top roll off $ $ % 29

30 Diversion Rate Effect of Convenience on MF Diversion Rate 30.00% 25.00% 20.00% 15.00% 10.00% 5.00% 0.00% More Convenient to Less Convenient 30

31 Recycling Rate Recycling Rate for Each Apartment Complex Price Class 16% 14% 12% 10% 8% % 4% 2% 0% A B C D Price Class (A = More Expensive to D = Less Expensive) 31

32 Going Forward Material Management Team working to: Have managers renew waiver applications Expand ordinance to include complexes with 3 or more units Ensure plans are properly implemented with education Ensure building plans include space for recycling containers 32

33 Questions? Debbie Branch

34 City of Loveland, Colorado Solid Waste Management Division Pay-As-You-Throw: One Community s Perspective

35 Community and Program Information Loveland population: 75,000 Solid Waste Division operates as an enterprise fund in an open, competitive market with private waste haulers City has approximately 96% market share Households served: 24,300 single-family, duplex and triplex PAYT does not apply to multi-family with communal service

36 Historical Perspective PAYT implemented in 1993, the first community in Colorado to do so Initially bag-based only, with trash stamps and pre-paid bags Curbside collection of recyclables and yard debris offered at the same time as PAYT

37 Rate Structure and Services Base fee currently $7.50/month Volume charge for trash in addition to base fee Base fee includes curbside and drop-off recycling, yard debris processing (drop off)

38 PAYT Trash Cart Rates Trash carts: 17-gallon: $ 3/month 32-gallon: $ 6/month 64-gallon: $12/month 96-gallon: $18/month $1.75 extra bag Large items extra fee Automated collection citywide

39 Compatibility with Collection Equipment Automated side loaders

40 PAYT: Drives the City s Recycling Programs Paper Cardboard (cut to fit) Newspaper, packing paper, magazines office paper Milk and juice cartons Paper bags Paper egg cartons Paperback books, phone books Plastic Bottles & jugs #1-7 Plastic tubs & containers #1-7 Prescription bottles Clear clamshell containers Metal Cans (aluminum, steel, tin) Aerosol cans (empty, no lid) Metal jar lids Paint cans (empty) Drop-offs accept curbside materials as well as several difficult-to-manage items

41 Yard Debris Collection Curbside pickup: 96- gallon cart provided for weekly collection April until December for $8/month About 45% of households subscribe

42 Yard Debris Composting Free drop-off for Loveland residents Materials accepted: branches, leaves, grass clippings, garden trimmings and wood wastes A-1 Organics City s partner in composting

43 PAYT: The Results Residential diversion rate has exceeded 50% annually since Residential diversion rate has exceeded 60% since 2009 (leading the state of Colorado annually) 2016 volumes: Trash: 21,634 tons Recyclables: 7,884 tons Yard debris: 26,275 tons Diversion rate: 55% Cost Disposal: $160/ton Diversion: $83/ton

44 Key Findings Defining PAYT and structuring of rates is critical. As volume increases by 100%, rates should increase by no less than 80%. Anything less is not as effective. Avoid complicated rate structures. While effective, don t rely on the incentive of PAYT alone. Public education is critical.

45 Contact: Tyler Bandemer Superintendent Solid Waste Division City of Loveland (970 ) tyler.bandemer@cityofloveland.org

46 Multi-family Dwelling Recycling Albuquerque, NM

47 Albuquerque At-a-Glance 557,169 Population 174,864 Single-family households 52,000 MFD housing units served $47,096 Median household income 30% Speak a language other than English at home

48 Single-Stream Recycling Accepted Paper (newspapers, magazines, junk mail) Cardboard (corrugated, cereal / cracker boxes) Phone Books Books (hard cover / soft cover) Brown Paper Bags Milk Cartons / Juice Boxes #1-7 Plastic Bottles / Tubs Rigid Plastics Small Electronics Tin / Aluminum Cans Pots & Pans Foil & Pie Pans Small Metal Appliances Paper Egg Cartons

49 Multi-Family Dwelling Recycling IN 2007, THE CITY OF ALBUQUERQUE EXTENDED RECYCLING SERVICES TO CITIZENS LIVING IN MULTI - FAMILY DWELLINGS (MFD). THIS PROGRAM REQUIRES APARTMENT COMPLEXES OF 25 UNITS OR MORE TO PROVIDE RECYCLING SERVICES TO THEIR TENANTS. THERE ARE OVER 400 COMPLEXES IN ALBUQUERQUE WITH 25 UNITS OR MORE. COMPLEXES ARE PROVIDED WITH 96 -GALLON RECYCLE CARTS SERVICED ONCE A WEEK, OR 6-CUBIC YARD BINS SERVICED MULTIPLE TIMES PER WEEK.

50 Goals To increase the convenience of recycling Previously only residents of single-family homes enjoyed this convenience To divert recyclables from the waste stream To reduce properties garbage service Resulting in a lower monthly trash bill To reduce the amount of waste that goes to the landfill

51 Timeline Implemented MFD Recycling Program in 2007 Strong leadership (Mayor) Reviewed similar ordinances from other cities Worked with Apartment Association of New Mexico Not all complexes are members Most vocal opposition WSI Valet Service Pilot Implemented residential curbside recycling carts citywide in yard recycling bins offered in 2015

52 Implementation Held workshops for MFD owners / managers Made presentations to the Apartment Association of NM Customer Service Reps visited each MFD location Distributed reusable shopping bags to MFDs as introductory offer

53 What s in the Ordinance? The City is the collection agent, exclusively Participation by 25+ housing units is mandatory Participation by less than 25 units is voluntary Owners/managers are responsible for providing recycling information to new residents and bi-annually thereafter The monthly fee for collection: is the equivalent of the residential recycling fee X number of housing units regardless of occupancy currently $2.33 per unit

54 WSI Valet Service Pilot Upon request of the Apartment Association of New Mexico 20-month pilot from WSI was given opportunity to service up to 5,000 housing units City waived the MFD Recycling fee Pilot results: WSI collected 3.5 lbs. per door per month City collected 5.1 lbs. per door per month City informed AANM and participants of the results

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61 O Ongoing Educational Efforts

62 ABQ Recycling FY10 FY17 45,000 Commingle Recycling Tons 40,000 35,000 30,000 25,000 20,000 15,000 10,000 5,000 0 FY'10 FY'11 FY'12 FY'13 FY'14 FY'15 FY'16 FY'17

63 Albuquerque Area Needs 8,897 New Apartments by 2030 to Keep Pace with Demand Growth is Due to Aging Population, Immigration, Declining Home Purchases WASHINGTON, D.C., June 12, 2017 The Albuquerque metro area will need all types of apartments and at all price points. Hoyt estimates that there are currently 63,154 apartments in the Albuquerque metro area, with residents that span the age and income spectrum. Albuquerque apartment developers, owners and managers and their residents contribute $1.3 billion to the local economy annually. Nationally and here in Albuquerque, we re experiencing fundamental shifts in our housing dynamics, as more people are moving away from buying houses and choosing apartments instead. Apartment demand is expected to bounce back here ramping up again after 2020, said Bobby Griffith, President, Apartment Association of New Mexico.

64 Next Steps Adopt commercial recycling storage space requirements Expand the recycling container sizes offered Update outreach materials and website Increase promotion, education, and outreach

65 Contact Information: Jill Holbert Associate Director Solid Waste Management Department City of Albuquerque cabq.gov/solidwaste/recycling

66 Jill Holbert Tyler Bandemer ofloveland.org Debbie Branch WorthTexas.gov Susan Bush Erin Andary Laurie Johnson Sarah Pierpont mexico.com