Carbon and Energy Management Plan

Transcription

1 Carbon and Energy Management Plan Page 1

2 Document Title DOCUMENT CONTROL Carbon and Energy Management Plan Version 3.1 Purpose This plan outlines how we will improve energy efficiency to achieve both carbon and financial savings, emphasising how UEL is now embedding carbon management at all levels from operational to strategic. Originated By Sara Kassam, Energy & Environment Manager, Facilities Modified By Dave Farebrother, Interim Sustainability Manager July 2013 Version Date Status /04/2010 Draft for discussion /05/2010 Draft for Environmental Sustainability Board /06/2010 Draft for Vice Chancellor s Group /10/2010 Revision of data and HEFCE target /01/2013 Revision of data /12/2013 Revision, considering progress, revised estate and HEFCE targets Approved By Date UEL Board of Governors 06/07/2010 Campus Manager 06/12/2013 Page 2

3 Contents Appendix One Appendix Two Appendix Three Executive Summary Introduction National Context Contribution to Institution s Strategic Aims Drivers UEL Approach Definitions Policy, Aims and Objectives Policy Statement Target Aims Objectives Carbon Hierarchy Carbon Emission Data and Targets Estate Display Energy Certificates Consumption and Baseline Carbon Emission Scenarios Milestones Previous Work Implementation Plan Financial and Carbon Options Evaluation Implementation Risks Governance and Monitoring Governance Monitoring Projects Useful Documents Page 3

4 1. Executive Summary Carbon management is extremely important at the University of East London (UEL) and we have been working hard to reduce the carbon emissions associated with our activities. We believe that climate change is a global issue but we can act at a local level and will need the support of all our students, staff and partners to truly make a difference. Having completed the Carbon Trust s Higher Education Carbon Management Programme, UEL has embedded carbon management at all levels from operational to strategic and is striving to achieve targeted reductions. This plan outlines how we will improve energy efficiency to achieve both carbon and financial savings. Progress on implementation will be reported regularly and the plan will be updated annually. Currently the focus is on Scope 1 and 2 emissions (direct fuel and energy use and purchased electricity) with the intention to include Scope 3 emissions from indirect sources such as water, waste and procurement as soon as is feasible. We have set a target of reducing our Scope 1 and 2 carbon dioxide emissions by 22% by 2020 against a 2005 baseline of 8750 tonnes CO 2. Our Carbon Management Plan was originally adopted in 2010 and this revision reflects progress made in terms of initiatives and actual emissions, changes to the built estate operated by the university and our plans to achieve our targets. This plan was originally approved by UEL s Board of Governors and has support at the highest level. We look forward to contributing to the national target for reduction of carbon emissions and demonstrating our commitment to continuously improving environmental performance. Page 4

5 2. Introduction 2.1 National Context Carbon management has become increasingly important in all sectors and it is recognised that higher education has an essential role to play in reducing carbon emissions, both as an educator and an employer. Rising energy costs, changes in public perception and awareness of climate change, and the policy context provided by HEFCE (Higher Education Funding Council for England) all support the case for a focus on carbon reduction within institutions. In the 2008 Climate Change Act, the UK Government committed to a long-term carbon reduction target of 80% by 2050 against 1990 levels. In 2009 an interim target of 34% reduction by 2020 was set. The higher education sector in England has agreed to commit to meet the government targets. Against a 2005 baseline, this is equivalent to a reduction of 43% by 2020 and 83% by HEFCE announced that from 2011, capital allocations would be linked to carbon reduction but this proposal has yet to be implemented. At the beginning of 2011 institutions were asked to provide carbon data as part of their submission for the Capital Investment Framework 2. HEFCE are now publishing this data as part of their commitment for transparency consistent with the Environmental Information Regulations. This data included the carbon reduction target to be achieved by 2020 against a 2005 baseline which will contribute to the sector target of a 43 per cent reduction over the same period. Institutional targets are not required to be the same as the sector target because it is recognised that each institution will be able to make a different contribution to the target, and that carbon emissions will vary according to several factors. For example: the mix of subjects and teaching and research some institutions made significant reductions prior to 2005 those institutions that currently occupy energy-inefficient buildings or who are relocating to energy-efficient buildings will have greater opportunities to make reductions than others opportunities for the generation of onsite renewable energy vary between institutions the majority of emissions are related to the occupation of buildings, and some institutions have more potential than others to rationalise space use there are particular challenges from reducing carbon emissions in historic buildings in some cases the assumptions behind the targets (for example on the de-carbonisation of grid electricity) will vary. The collective impact of institutional targets is a 38 per cent reduction between 2005 and This is slightly lower than the sector-level target, but demonstrates the commitment of the sector to reducing emissions. HEFCE state that they will continue to promote and support carbon reduction through implementing the carbon reduction strategy and the Revolving Green Fund. The Revolving Green Fund provides recoverable grants to help higher education institutions (HEIs) in England reduce emissions. Institutions repay the funds through the savings they make. 21 million was allocated through the third round of the Revolving Green Fund, covering the academic years and , for institutions to reduce their energy costs and carbon emissions, within two separate strands: small-scale energy-efficiency programmes and large projects. No information is yet available regarding a possible Phase 4 of the Revolving Green Fund. Page 5

6 2.2 Contribution to Institution s Strategic Aims University Strategy Carbon management is embedded in the university strategy, Transformation for Excellence. One of the key values set out in this strategy is sustainability; that we will promote and help secure a socially just, healthy, prosperous and environmentally responsible world. As part of the strategic objective of providing Outstanding support for businesses: economic regeneration, social change and environmental sustainability UEL seeks to embody best practice in relation to environmental responsibility and sustainability, of which a key element is carbon management. To achieve this, a great deal of creativity and commitment will be required to make continuous improvements, going over and above current practices and operations. Environmental Management System In January 2012, UEL achieved ISO14001 certification for its Environmental Management System, indicating good environmental practice, and robust procedural controls over our environmental impacts. Certification is due for renewal in December Gas and electricity consumption have been identified as significant aspects, as has management priority. 2.3 Drivers Legislation The Carbon Reduction Commitment Energy Efficiency Scheme (CRC EES) is a mandatory scheme introduced by the government in 2008, aimed at improving energy efficiency and cutting emissions in large public and private sector organisations. Beginning in 2012, UEL is required annually to pay 12 per tonne of CO 2 emitted in accordance with the legislation. It is widely anticipated that this price will increase significantly over the next few years, with a price of 20 generally anticipated. UEL s annual liability under the CRC is in the region of 100,000 but this could double by the end of the decade. Sector regulation As already noted, HEFCE have previously linked the development of carbon management plans and targets with the Capital Investment Framework (CIF2) submission. By focusing on carbon management now, UEL will be better prepared to meet the requirements of any future funding allocation proposals. Energy security and rising energy costs Energy markets have increased in volatility, partly due to concerns over security of supply. The underlying trend is for costs to rise, a risk which needs to be managed through efficient use of energy. The introduction by Government of a carbon floor price is also expected to place increased inflationary pressure on energy prices and also lead put additional upward pressure on the cost of allowances under the CRC EES. Reputation It is part of the University Strategy to embody best practice in relation to environmental responsibility and sustainability. We need to demonstrate this to both internal and external stakeholders by showing leadership in the area of carbon management, taking action to reduce emissions across all of our activities and encouraging others to do the same. Page 6

7 2.4 UEL Approach This plan outlines how UEL is building upon existing carbon reduction activities to integrate a wholeorganisation approach to carbon management based around reducing demand and more efficient equipment. It also incorporates the management of energy and water consumption. The plan includes: A carbon and energy management policy statement with clearly defined aims and objectives. A carbon baseline for 2005 that covers Scope 1 and 2 emissions. Carbon reduction targets set to An implementation plan to achieve absolute carbon emission reductions. Clear responsibilities for carbon management. A commitment to monitor progress and report publicly every year. In 2010 UEL achieved the Carbon Trust Standard in recognition of our achievements in carbon reduction, although the discontinuation of the link between the Standard and financial benefits under the CRC scheme meant that UEL did not seek to re-accredit to the Standard, having subsequently also achieved certification of its environmental management system to the international standard ISO: Definitions Carbon Emissions Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) is one of the main greenhouse gases that contributes to climate change. Emissions come mainly from burning fossil fuels such as coal, oil and gas to produce energy in the form of heat and electricity. Scope 1 Direct emissions occurring from sources that are owned or controlled by the institution e.g. direct fuel and energy use (i.e. gas) and transport fuel used in own vehicle fleets. Scope 2 Emissions from the generation of purchased electricity consumed by the institution. Scope 3 Emissions that are a consequence of the institution s activities but occur from sources not controlled or owned by the institution e.g. waste, water, land-based business travel, air travel, staff and student commuting, procurement. Page 7

8 3. Policy, Aims and Objectives 3.1 Policy Statement With over 28,000 students from 120 countries worldwide, UEL is one of the UK s most diverse universities. Our vision is to be an enterprising, international university bringing transformational opportunities to individuals, communities and businesses in our region, through diversity, partnership and excellence in teaching and research. We recognise our responsibility to embed carbon management in all that we do and are committed to continually reducing carbon emissions, energy use and water consumption across all of our activities. We will begin with Scope 1 and Scope 2 emissions and endeavour to include Scope 3 emissions in the near future. 3.2 Target A number of infrastructural energy efficiency improvements have been made to the estate already and further works have been identified. This means that over time it will become more and more difficult to make Scope 1 and 2 reductions through installing energy efficiency measures and emissions will actually rise as the new buildings which are planned come into use, as UEL s estate will expand by approximately 15%. To mitigate this, all capital projects will adhere to sustainable construction principles and there is an opportunity to make greater use of renewable energy. Further energy savings can also be made by efficient day-to-day operation of the estate, encouraging better ways of working and utilising emerging technologies. Taking into account these factors, along with UEL s ambition to contribute to national targets we have set the following: Target By 2020 to deliver an absolution reduction in Scope 1 and 2 carbon emissions from UEL s activities by 22% against a 2005 baseline of 8750 tco 2 and where possible to exceed this target. 3.3 Aims i) To reduce carbon emissions, energy consumption and water use. ii) iii) To minimise regulatory, reputational, physical and financial risks associated with increased carbon emissions and energy consumption. To adopt a consistent approach to carbon and energy management for the whole organisation and ensure integration with other strategies, plans and policies. Page 8

9 MONITOR Learn from existing projects and practice. Apply control measures. Evaluate impacts. 3.4 Objectives i) Data Management To accurately measure, monitor and manage carbon emissions, energy use and water consumption from UEL s estate and activities. ii) iii) iv) Efficiency Measures To implement an ongoing programme of energy and water efficiency improvements and carbon saving measures across the estate, re-investing associated financial savings in new carbon reduction initiatives Operations To provide a comfortable working environment for staff and provide high quality services whilst minimising energy and water consumption. Procurement To purchase energy in the most effective and cost efficient manner. Also to apply whole-life costing to the purchase of goods and services to account for energy consumption and carbon emissions. v) Buildings and Refurbishment to incorporate energy efficiency and renewable energy measures into all new developments and refurbishments. vi) vii) viii) Training and Communications To raise awareness amongst staff and students about the importance of energy saving and the actions they can take to help reduce UEL s carbon emissions. Strategic Management To ensure that carbon, energy and water management is incorporated into institution, service and school policies, procedures and annual plans. Compliance To comply with relevant regulations, e.g. Carbon Reduction Commitment Energy Efficiency Scheme (CRC) and to make carbon emissions, energy use and water consumption data publicly available. 3.5 Carbon Hierarchy The carbon hierarchy below (from Carbon reduction target and strategy for higher education in England, HEFCE 2010) provides a systematic and structured approach to managing and reducing emissions. UEL is currently focusing on the range of actions falling into the categories from reduce to decarbonise. REDUCE energy / fuel demand Avoid unnecessary use Passive features (e.g. insulation, use of daylight, solar gain/shading, thermal mass) Encourage energy conscious behaviours EFFICIENCY of equipment and energy / fuel sources Use energy-efficient equipment Provide simple and effective controls Recover useful heat Use clean fossil fuel technology DECARBONISE energy / fuel supplies On-site or near-site renewable energy sources, including community schemes BEFRIEND Seek partnerships to increase capacity to do the above Page 9

10 NEUTRALISE energy / fuel supplies Consider responsible carbon offsetting schemes Procure green electricity supplies Page 10

11 4. Carbon Emission Data and Targets 4.1 Estate The UEL estate currently consists of two campuses, Docklands and Stratford. There are 24 buildings across the two sites that each have a total usable floor area of over 1000m 2, including 10 halls of residence, together with a number of buildings below 1000m 2. UEL also occupies leased space at the Thurrock Learning Shop in Grays, Essex and Trinity Buoy Wharf in the Docklands area, although UEL is scheduled to vacate Trinity Buoy Wharf in Autumn A new sports and academic building was completed at Docklands campus in early A new library on the existing Stratford campus opened in July 2013 and by the end of summer a joint building with Birkbeck College in Stratford town centre is due to be completed and in operation. An existing building, Duncan House, is to be sold in September Achieving and maintaining an absolute carbon reduction will be a challenge, as increasing the size of the built estate will naturally lead to an increase in carbon emissions, and this has been considered when setting overall reduction targets. Alongside an increasing estate, student numbers are also likely to increase. In 2005/06 UEL had 12,716 students, rising to 17,627 in 2010/11 (full time equivalent students from HESA student return). 4.2 Display Energy Certificates As part of the EU Energy Performance of Buildings Directive, all public buildings in the UK over 500m 2 must display a Display Energy Certificate (DEC) prominently at all times. This currently applies to 24 buildings across the UEL estate. The table below shows the first four years of operational ratings for the relevant number of buildings. The 2012 figures include the Sports Dock. In 2013, two new buildings were constructed at Stratford campus A Rated B Rated C Rated D Rated E Rated F Rated G Rated Total Number of Buildings Consumption and Baseline The boundary chosen for UEL s carbon reduction target against 2005 levels is Scope 1 and 2 emissions only. This is primarily because the data available for Scope 1 and 2 emissions is of better quality and has been measured on a more consistent basis. Data for Scope 3 emissions is patchy and the intention is to improve data collection methods so that Scope 3 emissions can be included in this plan in the future. The tables below show baseline data and current energy consumption / emissions data taken from the Estates Management Statistics database. The disposal of Barking campus means that oil is no longer used as a fuel source. Back-up generators for each campus have recently been purchased so there will be a negligible oil use to record. Data for emissions from vehicle fleet is unavailable for 2005/06 and HEFCE recommend assuming that direct transport emissions account for 1% of total scope 1 and 2 emissions. Page 11

12 Year Total Emissions (tonnes CO 2) Gas Emissions (tonnes CO 2) Electricity Emissions (tonnes CO 2) Oil Emissions (tonnes CO 2) Transport Fuel Emissions (tonnes CO 2) Number of Staff (full time equivalent) Number of Students (full time equivalent) 2005/6 8,750 2,994 4, , /9 8,355 2,126 6, ,393 16, /10 8,375 1,721 6, ,398 17, /11 8,090 1,573 6, ,399 17, /12 7,928 1,595 6, tbc Tbc` 2012/13 8,827 2,185 6,642 - NB: Emission factors vary slightly depending on the year according to factors used by Estates Management Statistics and latterly as released by Defra. 4.4 Carbon Emission Scenarios The previous data tables show that UEL reduced its carbon emissions from 8750 tco 2 in 2005/06 to 8355 tco2 in 2008/09, a 5% reduction over 2 years (395 tco 2 ). This was mainly due to the disposal of Barking campus with energy savings partially offset by the construction of new halls of residence at Docklands campus and new academic buildings at Stratford. Further savings of 5.3% were achieved between 2010 and 2012 as energy efficiency improved across the university. However, the addition of a brand new building at Docklands in 2012, the Sports Dock, which is in use virtually every day of the year, has contributed to aggregate emissions rising again to 8,825 tonnes for the year 2012/13, marginally above the initial baseline sees the removal of one building from the portfolio, Duncan House, but the further addition of two new buildings, Stratford Library and USS Stratford, which is shared with Birkbeck College but operated by UEL. Approximately 530 tonnes of reductions will be realised by the sale of Duncan House but an additional 800 tonnes is expected to be added by the inclusion of the new library and the USS building, so a lot of work will be needed to reach the long-term target. CO2 Emissions Tonnes CO Actual CO2 Emissions toc2 BAU Scenario Emissions 0 tco2 Target Emissions Scenario Academic Year Page 12

13 4.5 Milestones It is important to have milestones to monitor progress against our target. In the original version of this plan the milestones were shown as below. Year CO 2 footprint (tonnes) 2005/ / / / / / / / / / Table Original Milestones As a consequence of actual performance to date and the construction of new buildings, it has been necessary to recalculate these milestones based on the known emissions for 2012/ Previous Work Year CO 2 footprint (tonnes) 2012/ / / / / / / / / Table Amended Milestones (August 2013) Following participation in the Carbon Trust s Higher Education Carbon Management Programme in 2008, the measures below (amongst others) have already been implemented: Year Measure Location 2008 Installation of 130 solar photovoltaic panels Business School, DL 2008 Installation of 2.5kW wind turbine Outside AVA Building, DL 2009 Appointment of an Energy & Environment Manager Cross-campus 2010 Approval of operational energy standards Cross-campus Pipe and valve insulation in plant rooms Cross-campus Independent heating zone control for a 24/7 library University House, ST 2011 Installation of PC power management software. Cross-campus 2011 Installation of biomass boiler and solar photovoltaic Sports Dock, DL panels as part of Sports Dock new build Installation of solar photovoltaic panels as part of Stratford campus Stratford Library and University Square new builds. Ongoing Optimisation of BMS controls Cross-campus Ongoing Energy awareness campaign Cross-campus Ongoing Phased replacement of lamps with low-energy LEDs Cross-campus Page 13

14 4.6.1 In 2012 an Energy Audit was carried out by Briar Associates of the two UEL campus sites, producing 199 separate recommendations leading to total savings of 1,292 tonnes of CO2, although only 24 of these recommendations would result in annual savings of ten or more tonnes of CO2. Just two of the recommendations would result in reductions of 5% or more towards the overall reduction target. It is considered that the list of actions required to achieve the overall reduction target of 22% should not exceed twenty actions, as anything more than this would be likely to prove unmanageable. Therefore, at this stage it is recommended that only proposals capable of achieving reductions of 5% or greater towards the overall target should be incorporated into the reductions programme. Page 14

15 4 Implementation Plan 5.1 Financial and Carbon Options Evaluation The projects within this updated plan have been selected using an energy audit of both campuses (Spring 2012 to Summer 2013) and input from relevant staff. The technical measures such as lighting replacement have been quantified in terms of carbon impact and cost and payback. Non-technical interventions have also been included although actions such as consumption reporting cannot necessarily be accurately valued financially. Six of the most viable interventions to reduce carbon emissions are: Behavioural change and new ways of working Lights and electrical appliances (including ICT) Building energy and space management Building fabric upgrade Efficient energy supply (e.g. CHP, district heating) Renewable energy Financing of the measures will be through UEL s standard budgeting procedures. However an extra degree of confidence can be introduced through participation in the Mayor of London s RE:FIT scheme, a structured tender process only involving pre-selected framework contractors. RE:FIT does not provide money towards initiatives, but does guarantee savings in terms of carbon and if these savings are not realised the contractor is obliged to either make up the shortfall in cash terms or invest that money in making changes to ensure that the projects work effectively target reductions are achieved. A case can also be made to ring-fence any savings realised through reducing consumption to finance further savings measures. 5.2 Implementation Appendix 2 is an implementation plan which shows how the eight objectives outlined in Section 3 will be achieved. Key actions have been specified and timetabled with clear implementation responsibility identified. To resource the actions, a budget of 250,000 a year has been allocated until 2010/2011. This includes staff costs and is used for general environmental projects as well as carbon management. It is recommended that on an ongoing basis, savings realised by actual saving sin energy consumption should be ring-fenced to finance the implementation of further projects required to ensure that the long-term target is met. In 2012 an Energy Audit was undertaken by Briar Associates and their recommendations are listed in Appendix 3. Some of these are no-cost items, which will augment the outputs from the M&T system, other initiatives involve capital investment and are summarised in the table The Energy Audit produced recommendations as summarised in table Cost > 10k Cost < 10k No Capital Cost No of measures Total Cost 1,224, ,516 0 CO 2 savings pa, Tonnes Cost/Tonne* n/a Payback, years n/a - assuming ten year lifespan Table Summary of energy audit recommendations Page 15

16 Electricity Tonnes CO 2 Gas Tonnes CO 2 kwh kwh Additions Sports Dock 1,087, , Stratford Library 574, , USS 669, , Disposals Duncan House -656, , ,121, Net Change Overall Change 987 Tonnes Table Effect of Changes to the Built Estate To achieve the target of a 22% reduction in CO 2 emissions by 2020 requires an absolute reduction of 1925 Tonnes from the baseline figure. It is estimated that improved energy management based on effective M&T could realise savings of 1,434 Tonnes, this figure implicitly includes the measures included in table as no cost measures, together with any other savings achieved through managerial or behavioural changes. It is further estimated that changes to the property portfolio result in a net increase in emissions of approximately 987 Tonnes (see table 4.8.2). Together, this would result in an overall reduction of 447 Tonnes. To achieve the target would therefore require a further reduction of 987 Tonnes of CO 2. The implementation plan covers the period but will be updated annually to take into account emerging technologies and new energy efficient working practices. Actions will also be added regarding Scope 3 emissions. 5.3 Risks Resources There are two principal aspects to the savings strategy, technical and behavioural. To ensure that adequate technical measures are implemented, UEL must ensure that a) it employs sufficient qualified people to undertake assessments and identify and implement appropriate projects and b) maintains an adequate level of funding to ensure such projects are undertaken. To ensure behavioural measures are implemented, UEL must maintain a sustainability team qualified and resourced to raise awareness, provide training and effect a cultural change. Lack of continuity It is important that the strategy set out in this plan, although subject to regular review and modification in light of progress and changes to the university or in available solutions, is effectively implemented and maintained. Regular large scale changes of direction are only likely to lead to the targets being missed. Participation from the whole organisation It is vital that all staff and students work towards achieving the targets, this requires increased effort on engagement with stakeholders. Page 16

17 6 Governance and Monitoring 6.1 Governance In order for the Carbon Management Programme to succeed, clear and appropriate management structures need to be in place from the outset, including clear ownership and allocation of roles and responsibilities. The key central responsibilities are as follows: UEL s Sustainability Manager based within the Facilities Directorate has day to day responsibility for this plan, catalysing implementation of the various actions. Support will be provided at campus manager and director levels, feeding into a pro vice chancellor and the vice chancellor, with the Board of Governors having ultimate responsibility. An Environmental Sustainability Board has been set up to ensure that an Environmental Management System is implemented, resourced and maintained, and to monitor its performance. This group will oversee implementation of the carbon and energy management plan, providing strategic direction and reporting on progress against objectives to the Board of Governors. Relevant staff will be involved in implementation of the plan within Facilities and in other directorates and schools. There is also a group of staff environmental champions who work at a departmental level on environmental initiatives such as energy saving and a group of student environmental champions. 6.2 Monitoring Monitoring of this plan will be undertaken by the Sustainability Manager who will report to the Facilities Senior Management Team on a monthly basis and to the Environmental Sustainability Board on a quarterly basis. The Environmental Sustainability Board will report on progress against objectives to the Board of Governors once a year and review and refresh the plan annually. Updates will be provided to University Management Team as necessary. The targets within this plan will be included within Transformation for Excellence KPIs. All relevant information will be made available on UEL s website and this will be updated regularly. Monthly energy consumption reports will be issued to the maintenance department Page 17

18 7 Projects 1.1 Replace the boilers in the Arthur Edwards Building. A report undertaken by AECOM for UEL recommends replacing the existing boilers with new high efficiency gas-fired condensing boilers (rated at 868 kw), or a combination of conventional gasboilers and a small gas-fied CHP scheme. Subject to further investigation, it is proposed that the new installation would comprise either two or three conventional boilers, possibly with a gas-fired CHP system (rated at 55kWT / 33kWe). The approximate cost of the project is 230,000 for conventional blilers only and 310,000 if CHP is installed. The estimated annual savings would be x% or x kwh. This equates to a simple payback of x years, but the existing boilers are x years old and are due for replacement. This scheme would contribute a saving of x% towards the overall reduction target. Taking this project further, to install a CHP system, would take the total cost up to an estimated 310,000 but increase the anticipated CO 2 savings by 107 tonnes per year. 1.2 Installation of Solar PV at Stratford campus It should be noted from the outset that retrofitting solar pv is not a cost-effective option, the rationale for the project would be to reduce carbon emissions against UEL s absolute reduction target against the background of a growing built estate. Solar pv will be considered for all new buildings but it is not considered costs effective to install solar pv as a matter of course. 1.3 Retrofit lighting controls at Docklands 1.4 Retrofit LED lighting at Docklands and Stratford campus sites It is noticeable that in many areas, lights are on when areas are not occupied or are on when daylight is adequate for normal use. Two types of control can be considered: presence detectors and daylight sensors. 1.5 Structured Energy Management utilising Monitoring & Targeting UEL does not currently employ any standard techniques for monitoring and targeting energy usage and using the information so generated to manage energy usage in a logical manner, focusing on sites and services that perform significantly worse than targets based on historic performance. Method The installation of AMR will enable meter reading across both UEL campuses to be carried out automatically. Comprehensive electrical sub-metering, going further than the metering of supplies at the whole building level, will also facilitate more detailed analysis of consumption patterns. This information, knowing when and where energy is used, will help significantly in a systematic approach to address control strategies and managerial and behavioural attitudes to lead to significant energy savings, also reducing costs and carbon emissions. Gas and electricity metering at the whole-building level enables reliable consumption histories to be built up. It is usual to base the M&T strategy on monthly consumption data. For gas, the M&T model uses Degree Days to normalise consumption based on external weather conditions. A simple straight line graph of the form y=mx+c relates energy usage to weather conditions, where:- y = consumption x = monthly Degree Day total m = gradient of the graph, a measure of the heat loss characteristics of the property c = the y-intercept, a constant, representing the base load - for example the energy used to satisfy DHWS requirements. The graphs provide several useful bits of information:- A comparison of actual consumption against the target* Page 18

19 The shapes of the actual and target curves provide an understanding of whether the controls are working properly, adjusting performance and consumption in relation to the weather. If the curves match but there are spikes or troughs, then these indicate times when something unusual happened. AMR in itself does not lead to improved energy efficiency. However, proper use of the data to analyses consumption patterns and performance and to help inform campaigns and programmes aimed at changing behaviours and bringing about improved management control can significantly improve energy efficiency. Published studies indicate savings achieved with no additional capital expenditure of up to 30%, but a mean savings level of around 17% is often quoted. It is calculated that structured M&T across UEL following a systemic installation of AMR would have a simple payback of between 1 and 2 years. 8 Useful Documents Appendix 1 Implementation Plan Appendix 2 HEFC requirements for Carbon Management Plans Appendix 3 - UEL Environment Policy Appendix One Implementation Plan Implementation will adapt and change in conjunction with changing circumstances at the university and in line with market forces and drivers in relation to stakeholder expectations of performance in relation to carbon emission, available technologies and costs. In that regard a definite structure can only be considered up to twelve months ahead st Quarter Put the agreed strategy for the introduction of automatic meter reading (AMR) and development of structured energy management to the finance committee Develop preferred projects list for reducing energy demand 1 st /2nd Quarter Seek competitive tenders for preferred AMR solution Explore finance options for prioritised demand reduction projects 2nd Quarter Develop existing energy management reports using accurate and timely AMR data Introduce real-time or day-plus-one exception reporting Seek competitive tenders for demand reduction projects 3rd & 4th Quarters Progress implementation of agreed and prioritised projects (this may run into 2015) Review of implementation on energy management system:- i) is data being collected as required ii) are reports being issued on time iii) are reports being acted upon iv) is consumption decreasing in line with actions Page 19

20 Appendix Two What are HEFCE s requirements for carbon management plans? All institutions are required to have a carbon management plan (CMP) that contains the following: A carbon management policy or strategy this could be part of a wider environmental or sustainability policy. A carbon baseline for 2005 which covers all scope 1 and 2 emissions. Institutions are encouraged to measure a baseline for scope 3 emissions, and in the longer term we would expect these to be included. Carbon reduction targets. These must: o cover scope 1 and 2 emissions, but institutions may choose to set additional targets for scope 3 emissions o be SMART (specific, measurable, achievable, realistic and time-bound) o be set against a 2005 baseline. Institutions may chose to set their reductions in context by setting additional targets against an alternative baseline year o be set to 2020, because this is the timescale for interim government targets. Institutions may also set interim milestones o be publicly available. An implementation plan to achieve carbon emission reductions in scopes 1, 2 and 3 including timescales and resources. These should cover capital projects and actions to embed carbon management within the institution, for example, through corporate strategy, communication and training. Clear responsibilities for carbon management. A commitment to monitor progress towards targets regularly and to report publicly annually. The carbon management plan, including targets, must be signed off by the governing body. What are HEFCE's requirements relating to scope 3 emissions? Scope 3 emissions are indirect emissions that organisations produce through their activities, but occur from sources not owned or controlled by the organisation. Examples of such activities include business travel, commuting, supply chain (procurement), waste and water. HEFCE expects carbon management plans to include arrangements for managing scope 3 emissions, and we have produced guidance to help institutions to measure scope 3 emissions. From there will be provision in Estates Management Statistics (EMS) for the calculation of all Scope 3 emissions - from water supply, wastewater treatment, waste, travel and supply-chain (procurement). The table below identifies which data is mandatory and who will undertake the emission calculations. The return of data in respect of waste emissions, travel and supply-chain (procurement) is recommended rather than mandatory, however this may change in the future. Summary of Scope 3 Carbon Emissions EMS Collection & Analysis Water Supply HESA Wastewater Treatment Mandatory Emission calculations undertaken by HESA Waste HEIs (Provision of the emission Page 20

21 Travel Supply Chain (Procurement) figures is not mandatory.) HEIs Procurement consortia and provided to HEIs for inclusion in EMS returns. Appendix Three UEL Environment Policy Statement of Policy The University of East London (UEL) is a global learning community employing 1500 members of staff and with over 28,000 students from more than 120 countries world-wide. Our vision is to be an enterprising, international university bringing transformational opportunities to individuals, communities and businesses in our region, through diversity, partnership and excellence in teaching and research. We adhere to a set of values that will guide what we do, one of which is sustainability; to promote and help secure a socially just, healthy, prosperous and environmentally responsible world. We recognise the potential of our activities to have an impact on the environment at a local and global level and also understand the opportunity that we have, through our student population, to embed environmental awareness into the next generation of business leaders. We are committed to embed environmental sustainability in all that we do and to continually improve our environmental performance across all of our activities, minimising our impacts and encouraging our partners and members of the wider community to join us in this effort. Amended December 2013 Page 21