THERMAL CONTROL OF INSECTS

Transcription

1 Thermal Control of THERMAL CONTROL OF INSECTS Cockroaches, Snails, and Commodity/Lumber Pests Brian C. Zeichner Brian C. Zeichner Alfred Lynn Alfred Hoch, L. Hoch Zia Mehr, Daniel Topp, Donald Wood, Christina Hutchinson U. S. Army Center for Health Promotion and Peventive Medicine

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3 Facility Preparation Shut off all equipment Remove Perishables, Spices, Bread, Fruit Compressed gas cylinders Flamables Computers, TVs Applied Gentrol, insect growth regulator

4 Clear the floor

5 Prevent Escapes

6 Prevent Damage

7 SPRINKLER HEAD: TEMPERATURES INSIDE AND OUTSIDE OF INSULATOR OUTSIDE TEMPERATURE ( F) INSIDE TIME (MINUTES)

8 Corral Heat

9 Setup Heaters

10 0 0 VARIATION OF CEILING TEMPERATURES TEMPERATURE ( F) TEMPERATURE ( C) 115 T+120 T+180 T+240 TIME (MINUTES)

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13 Prevent 4 6 Hours Dead Cockroaches

14 Vacuum the Living

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19 SHOULD METHOD BE OFFERED TO OTHER FACILITIES 20 NUMBER RESPONDING YES NO NOT SURE

20 Process Detailed Why So Effective Heat penetrates all equipment harborage Gentrol is an excellent complement Perhaps? Population reduced below growth threshold Interferes with chemical comunication

21 Exotic Turkish land snail (Monaca syriaca) Native land snail (Succinea camestris)

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23 Figure 5. Temperature ( F) Target Temp. Treatment Trial No. 1: Temperature Profile for Snail Control Project, 20 Ft. Metal Military Shipping Container, Sunny Pt., NC, 11 May Heater Output #1 Heater Output #2 Wood flooring, Interior Ambient Air Temp 1 hr 2 hr T T+10 T+20 T+30 T+40 T+50 T+60 T+70 T+80 T+90 T+100 T+110 T+120 T+130 T+140 Time (Minutes) Ch01 "" Ch02 "" Ch03 "" Ch04 "" Ch05 "" Ch06 "" Ch07 "" Ch08 "" Ch09 "" Ch10 "" Ch11 "" Ch12 "" Ch13 "" Ch14 "" Ch15 "" Ch16 "" Ch17 "" Ch18 "" Ch19 "" Ch20 "" Ch21 "" Ch22 "" Ch23 "" Ch24 "" Ch25 "" Ch26 "" Ch27 "" Ch28 "" Ch29 "" Ch30 "" Ch31 "

24 Mortality of Snails exposed to average air temperature of 129 deg. F Turkish Snails Native Snails Control 20 Minutes 40 Minutes 60 Minutes 80 Minutes

25 Snail Trial Conclusions Laboratory studies of thermal death point needed We can heat the exterior of containers in a windproof enclosure Quickly 2 3 hours Without damaging contents inside Inexpensively, $25 energy cost Future trials with USDA planned

26 Thermal Chamber Collaborative effort with Topp Portable Air and Defense Logistics Agency Goal: Find an alternative to fumigation for commodity pest

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28 Eight Pallets of 20-lb Poly Pack Boxes of Macaroni 4 Tons

29 Patent Pending

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32 Figure 8. Temperature Profile within 4 Tons of Palletized Macaroni, Chamber Air Temperature 140ºF (60ºC) Pal 1, Tier 1, Ctr Pal 1, Tier 3, Ctr ºC Pal 1, Tier 5, Ctr Pal 2, Tier 1, Ctr Pal 2, Tier 3, Ctr Pal 2, Tier 5, Ctr ºC Pal 2, Tier 5, Rt Ft Pal 3, Tier 1, Ctr Pal 3, Tier 3, Ctr Temperature (ºF) Target Temperature Reached in All Pasta Products within 40 hrs: Total Energy Cost of $16 or 40 cents/hr. 15.6ºC Pal 3, Tier 5, Lt Bk Pal 4, Tier 1, Ctr Pal 4, Tier 3, Ctr Pal 4, Tier 5, Rt Bk Pal 5, Tier 1, Ctr Pal 5, Tier 3, Ctr Pal 5, Tier 5, Ctr Pal 5, Tier 5, Lt Bk Pal 6, Tier 1, Ctr 40 Pal 6, Tier 3, Ctr Pal 6, Tier 5, Ctr 20 Heater Turned Off Pal 6, Tier 5, Rt Bk Pal 7, Tier 1, Ctr Pal 7, Tier 3, Ctr Pal 7, Tier 5, Ctr Pal 7, Tier 5, Lt Bk 0 Pal 8, Tier 1, Ctr Pal 8, Tier 3, Ctr Pal 8, Tier 5, Ctr Time (Hours) Pal 8, Tier 5, Rt Bk

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35 2 nd Generation Thermal Chamber Results All product meet target temperature without exceeding the upper limit All insects dead No degradation of taste, color, or cooking characteristics Simple inexpensive operation

36 Whitespotted sawyer Pine Wilt Disease Pine Wood Nematode (Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (pine chips, unseasoned lumber, packingcase wood) Insect Vectors: Bark Beetles and Sawyer Beetles (pallets, crates, dunnage) USA Distribution: 36 States International Distribution: Canada, Mexico, Japan, China, S. Korea Effective October 2001, wood packing entering European Union must be heat treated to 56 C for 30 minutes

37 PEST-HEAT Thermal Pest Management Chamber Patent Pending

38 3 rd Generation Thermal Chamber All seasoned wood pallets meet target temperature within 4 hours 3 run per day capacity Approved by USDA-APHIS for the 56/30 treatment process Does not affect pallet service life Energy cost 5 cents per pallet Additional information:

39 THERMAL PEST CONTROL Clearly it has a place Move a lot of controlled hot air quickly Recognize it s limitations