Carbon & Water Cycle. SC.912.E.17.1 Analyze the movement of matter and energy through the different biogeochemical cycles, including water and carbon.

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1 Carbon & Water Cycle SC.912.E.17.1 Analyze the movement of matter and energy through the different biogeochemical cycles, including water and carbon.

2 1. Students will analyze the movement of matter through different geochemical cycles. Water Cycle: process that moves water through an ecosystem through: Evaporation Condensation Precipitation Transpiration (evaporation from a plant s leaves)

3 1. Students will analyze the movement of matter through different geochemical cycles. Carbon Cycle: process that moves carbon through an ecosystem through: Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration Fossil fuels Ocean uptake **Too much carbon in the atmosphere results in the greenhouse effect (an increase in climatic temperatures across the globe)

4 Changes in an Ecosystem SC.912.L.17.4 Describe changes in an ecosystem resulting from seasonal variations, climate change, and succession.

5 1. Students will describe the potential changes to an ecosystem resulting from seasonal changes, climate changes, and/or succession. Factors that Affect Climate Change Distance from ocean Ocean currents Direction of prevailing winds Altitude/mountains Proximity to the equator El Nino phenomenon Human population growth Pollution Industry

6 1. Students will describe the potential changes to an ecosystem resulting from seasonal changes, climate changes, and/or succession. Changes in an Ecosystem: Succession: orderly, natural changes, and species replacements that take place in communities of an ecosystem over time Primary Succession: colonization of bare land by pioneer organisms (soil is developed and not already present) Secondary Succession: sequence of changes that take place after a community is disrupted by natural disasters or human actions (soil must already be present)

7 1. Students will describe the potential changes to an ecosystem resulting from seasonal changes, climate changes, and/or succession. Primary Succession

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9 1. Students will describe the potential changes to an ecosystem resulting from seasonal changes, climate changes, and/or succession.

10 Interdependence & Populations SC.912.L.17.5 Analyze how population size is determined by births, deaths, immigration, emigration, and limiting factors (biotic and abiotic) that determine carrying capacity.

11 1. Students will use data and information about population dynamics, abiotic factors, and/or biotic factors to explain and/or analyze a change in carrying capacity and its effect on population size in an ecosystem. Immigration: number of individuals moving into a population Emigration: number of individuals moving away from a population Carrying Capacity: maximum number of individuals in a species that an environment can support; limited by biotic and abiotic factors Biotic Factors: living things in an environment (example grass, trees, animals) Abiotic Factors: nonliving things in an environment (example soil, sun, oxygen, rocks)

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13 1. Students will use data and information about population dynamics, abiotic factors, and/or biotic factors to explain and/or analyze a change in carrying capacity and its effect on population size in an ecosystem. What might cause the population to go up and down in this environment?

14 1. Students will use data and information about population dynamics, abiotic factors, and/or biotic factors to explain and/or analyze a change in carrying capacity and its effect on population size in an ecosystem. Birth rates outnumber death rates, population will increase Death rates outnumber birth rates, population will decrease The growth rate of a population is measured in terms of birth rate and death rate. Fertility rates, life expectancy, migration/immigration also contribute to changes in population.