Energy Efficiency Planning

Transcription

1 Analytical Tools for Municipal Energy Efficiency Planning Jas Singh Senior Energy Specialist Energy Sector Management Assistance Program (ESMAP) The World Bank Energy Efficient Cities in Russia June 29-30, 2010 Kazan, Russia

2 The Rapid Assessment Framework - RAF A diagnostic tool for analyzing energy use in cities, that prioritizes sectors and suggests specific actions to save money and improve performance TRANSPORT BUILDINGS PUBLIC LIGHTING WATER & WASTEWATER POWER & HEATING SOLID WASTE

3 Understanding the city context Key aspects City characteristics (population, GDP, growth rate, climate, geography, area) Energy supply options and spatial and temporal considerations Policies, legislation, and regulations Institutions Stakeholder dynamics Economic, financial, social, environmental aspects Collect 26 key performance indicators across 6 sectors

4 The RAF diagnostic toolkit Buildings Power and Heating Public Lighting Solid Waste Transport Water & Waste Water

5 Sector Priority Street Lighting Industrial Water Residential Transportation Offices Other Street t Lighting Schools Fleet Vehicles Commercial Quezon City total energy consumption Quezon City Government energy expenditure

6 Transportation Quezon City Recommendations

7 Solid Waste Quezon City Recommendations

8 Sector Priority City-Wide Sectors Sector Mayor Influence % of city energy use Savings Potential Priority Transport Low 51% High (20-40%) 1 Buildings Med 40% Low (5-10%) 2 Water Low 0.7% Med (10-20%) 3 Waste Med Public Lighting High 0.4% High (20-40%) 5 Power Generation V. Low - Low (5-10%) 6

9 Transportation City Government Quezon City Recommendations Municipal fleet maintenance program Green travel plan for city employees Procurement for new fuel efficient City-Wide Engine efficiency improvement program Enforce emissions testing Advanced Bus programs (BRT) Land allocation to support public transit License plate driving ban Eco driving education program minimal savings recommended recommended political process ongoing cultural shift Green taxi program Walking / Cycle path development program Introduce parking charges g minimal savings

10 Quezon City Recommendations Water City Government Land provision for reservoirs at high elevation Land provision for STPs at low altitudes Demand reduction campaign City-Wide Pump replacement program Rationalization of gravity-fed network Leak detection program Water metering Regulation of private wells Non-technical loss reduction program Biogas from sludge under study under study

11 Quezon City Recommendations Buildings City Government Energy audit and retrofit program Procurement guidelines for life cycle costing Energy reporting database for all city buildings 5 year capital planning for EE retrofits Employee education program for EE at work Solar hot water, photovoltaic program recommended technical City-Wide Green building code Involvement with local green building council recommended

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13 What is Eco 2 Cities? Helping cities achieve e ecological og ca and economic sustainability in synergy Integrated cross-sector approach energy resource efficient and low carbon emissions Optimal urban plan & land use Compact Cities Combining multiple financial instruments (IBRD, GEF, CF, CTF, IFC, PPP, etc)

14 Spatial & Urban Form Determine Cities Energy Efficiency Decisions today are limitedby decisions in the past Source: Bertaud, A., and T. Pode, Jr., Density in Atlanta: Implications for Traffic and Transit (Los Angeles: Reason Foundation, 2007).

15 Preparing Eco2 City with Eco2 Tools GIS to Analyze Form Design Charrettes to Forecast and Plan Sankey Diagram to Analyze Material Flows Life Time Cost Benefit Analysis to Compare Alternatives for Investment Decision

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17 GHG emissions in Cities Transport Traffic management systems Transportation of Waste Biogas-to- energy Waste Emission source: (+) Transport (+) Solid Waste (+) Energy usage (+) Water Pedestrian comfort Energy Sludge treatment Emission sink: (-) Urban Forestry Heat island effect Efficient water pumping p Urban Forestry Grey water reuse Water Mathematically, it should be possible for a city to be carbon neutral by creating sufficient green areas

18 Options for cities to access carbon finance* City A Transport water Waste Option 1: Stand alone project in one large city [e.g., Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) project] City B City C Transport water Transport Waste Waste Option 2: Bundle of two or more projects in one city or across multiple cities (e.g., EE in water pumping) Options 3: PoA across many cities * Under CDM

19 City-wide approach to carbon finance* Enabling cities to improve urban services while reducing GHG emissions Characteristics of an urban program a. City Authority responsible for Aggregation of GHG reductions Implementation Monitoring and verification Water CPA 7 CPA 8.. Energy CPA 5 CPA 6.. b. Baseline includes the urban area, Waste Transport current and projected growth CPA 3 CPA 1 c. Technology and policy interventions CPA 4.. CPA 2.. identified in each sector d. Strengthens on-going programs e. Implementation through publicprivate Urban Forestry partnerships, sub-contracts, ESCOs, etc. CPA 9, CPA 10 * This approach will be submitted to the CDM EB in June 2010

20 City-wide approach to carbon finance Program Coordinator (CME) Municipal Departments (Multiple l Sectors) Water Example of Projects (CPA) Water supply Mayor / City Manager Energy Building EE Street-light Composting Waste Landfill Gas Public transportt Transport Low-carbon vehicles Ub Urban Forestry Parks

21 Creating city-wide programs Establish a coordination office for the program Establish the geographical and sector boundary for the program Create an inventory of GHG emissions in the boundary Identify responsible departments and agencies Create appropriate incentives for relevant stakeholders (suggestion) Identify interventions and establish program eligibility Establish system for documentation and quality control Implement and monitor the interventions ti Quantify emission reductions: measure or estimate Validate or verify ER benefit

22 Amman Green Growth Program

23 Recommendations For Russian Cities Understand your energy use Consolidate municipal energy costs Public buildings, schools/hospitals, municipal fleets, public housing, city services heating, power, water, solid waste Collect data on city-wide energy use Industry, commercial buildings, residential, private vehicles City characteristics (population, GDP, growth rate, climate, geography, area) Conduct sample audits to assess savings potential and extrapolate Compare with benchmark data (use developed d country data if no Russian data exists)

24 Recommendations (continued) Develop short-medium and long-term targets Prioritize sectors based on economic benefits, savings potential, ease of implementation Start with facilities under city control and agencies with greater budgetary/contracting autonomy Start with easier measures e.g., public/building lighting before moving to more complex ones e.g., water pumping, buildings, DH renovations, transport For non-city sectors, start with voluntary incentives before introducing mandatory regulations Bring in private sector capital and expertise Monitor, adjust, scale-up

25 Thank you!