Science Safety & Notebooking Vocabulary List 1, TRS Unit #1: SN1

Transcription

1 Science Safety & Notebooking Vocabulary List 1, TRS Unit #1: SN1 Conclusion Conservation Gloves Hypothesis Procedure Safety Equipment Safety Goggles Spring Scale Triple-Beam Balance Variable a statement about what data seem to mean to use something wisely in order to avoid using it up a covering that protects your hands a possible answer to a scientific question an action or series of actions or steps in an experiment equipment that helps protects you in some way a device worn over the eyes that can protect them from dangerous materials a tool for measuring weight or force a tool used to measure mass anything that can change, or vary, in an experiment

2 Physical Properties of Matter Vocabulary List 1, TRS Unit #2: P1 Boiling Point Evaporation Freezing/Melting Point Mass Matter Physical Property Relative Density State of Matter Temperature Volume the temperature at which a substance changes from a liquid to a gas; for water this temperature is 100 C the process by which a liquid changes into a gas the temperature at which a substance changes from a liquid to a solid or a solid to a liquid by the loss or addition of heat; for water this temperature is 0 C the amount of matter in something anything that has mass and takes up space a property that can be observed, measured or changed floating or sinking compare to water the form that matter has, such as gas, liquid, plasma or solid a measure of how warm something is the amount of space in something Physical Properties of Matter Vocabulary List 2, TRS Unit #2: P2 Celsius Conductor Dissolve Electrical Energy Electricity Magnetism Mixture Solution Insulator Thermal Energy the international scale of measurement for temperature a material that allows energy to pass through to mix evenly in a liquid. When a substance dissolves, it breaks into tiny pieces that seem to disappear the energy of moving electric charges the flow of electrical power or charge through a current the force of attraction or repulsion some materials have on other materials a combination of 2 or more substances that do not chemically change a liquid mixture in which the particles of each substance are evenly mixed like sugar dissolving into water a material that blocks energy from moving through the energy of the moving particles that make up all matter

3 Forces Vocabulary List 1, TRS Unit #3: F1 Acceleration Direction Force Friction Gravity Motion Pull Push Weight Work a change in motion caused by unbalanced forces or a change in velocity the path that a moving object follows a push or pull that causes an object to move, stop or change direction a force that acts between two objects that touch each other or rub together a force that pulls all objects toward each other a change in position over time to use force to pull towards the force to press against with force so as to move away a measure of the pull of gravity on an object the use of force to move or change an object

4 Energy Forms & Functions Vocabulary List 1, TRS Unit #4: E1 Battery Circuit Electrical Energy Electric Current Energy Light Energy Mechanical Energy Sound Energy Thermal Energy Vibration an electric cell or cells used to provide stored electrical energy a closed conducting circle or loop through which current can flow energy of moving electric charges the flow of electricity through a conductor the ability to cause changes in matter the energy moving electrons give off as light the energy in an object related to its motion the vibration of molecules as they travel through a specific medium the energy of moving particles that make up all matter rapid movement back and forth Energy Forms & Functions Vocabulary List 2, TRS Unit #4: E2 Closed Circuit Lens Mirror Medium Open Circuit Parallel Circuit Prism Refraction Reflection Series Circuit a complete electrical pathway a clear, curved piece of material used to bend the rays of light to form an image a glass coated on the back with a reflecting substance matter that light travels through an incomplete electrical pathway a closed circuit in which the current divides into two or more paths before recombining to complete the circuit a transparent body that can be used to refract or split a beam of light the bending of light rays as they pass through a substance the light energy that bounces off of objects a circuit with more than one component, but in which there is only one path for the current to flow

5 Earth s Changes (Geology) Vocabulary List 1, TRS Unit #5: EC1 Cementation Compaction Deposition Erosion Igneous Rock Landform Metamorphic Rock Model Sedimentary Rock Weathering process of binding and hardening of sediments into hard rock process by which overlying pressure from rocks and soil reduces the size or volume of sediments depositing sediment in a new location (a constructive force) the movement of weathered material by wind, water, waves or ice a rock that forms when magma or lava cools and hardens a feature of Earth s surface a rock changed by pressure or heat, (but not completely melted) a picture, idea, or object that represents an object, a system, or process and is used to help with understanding; models have advantages and limitations rock formed from layers of sediment that are pressed together the breaking down of rock into smaller pieces Earth s Changes (Geology) Vocabulary List 2, TRS Unit #5: EC2 Canyon Constructive Force Delta Destructive Force Dune Extinction Fossil Fossil Fuel Moraine Organism a deep, narrow valley with steep sides a natural force that helps build up parts of the Earth; ex.: dune or delta an area of sediment that builds up to form a flat piece of land where a river flows into an ocean or a lake a natural force that tears apart parts of the earth; ex.: tornado or erosion a hill of sand deposited by wind all of the living and nonliving elements in a particular (geographic) area the remains or trace of an organism that lived in the past fuels formed in the ground from the remains of dead plants and animals, such as coal, oil, and natural gas a pile of earth and stone left by a glacier a living thing that grows, reproduces, responds to its environment, and can function on its own

6 Alternative Energy Resources (Geology) Vocabulary List 1, TRS Unit #6: AE1 Alternative Energy Source Biofuel Geothermal Energy Hydroelectric Energy Nonrenewable Resources Photocell Renewable Resources Solar Energy Turbine Wind Energy any source of energy not produced from fossil fuels a fuel made from living things heat energy from inside the earth electricity generated from the force of moving water resources that nature can NOT replace quickly enough to meet people s needs, such as fossil fuels, metals, or minerals a device that helps convert solar energy into electricity resources that nature can produce again and again in a relatively short period of time, such as lumber, crops, sunlight, or wind the energy given off by the sun the blade or vane of a device that converts moving air, water, or steam into electrical energy or mechanical energy the energy of moving air

7 Sun, Earth, Moon Systems Vocabulary List 1, TRS Unit #7: S1 Axis Day/Night Cycle Lunar Cycle Revolve Rotate Seasons Shadow Star Tide Year imaginary line about which an object rotates the 24-hour period during which Earth rotates on its axis the 28-day cycle that includes New Moon, Quarter Moon, Full Moon, Quarter Moon to move in a path around another space body, such as the sun to spin on an axis quarterly period changes in the year due to the Earth s tilting axis a dark area that forms when an object blocks light a huge ball of hot gases that gives off its own light a rise or fall of ocean water the amount of time that it takes a planet to make a complete revolution around the sun; 365 ¼ days for Earth

8 Patterns in the Natural World - Weather (Meteorology) Vocabulary List 1, TRS Unit #8: W1 Atmosphere Climate Condensation Evaporation Precipitation Runoff Sun Transpiration Water Cycle Weather the blanket of air that surrounds Earth the average temperature and rainfall of an area over many years the process by which a gas changes into a liquid the process by which a liquid changes into a gas any form of water that falls from the clouds, such as rain or snow the variety of ways by which water moves across the land a huge ball of gases around which the Earth and other planets of the solar system revolve; the Sun is a star that provides Earth with most of its liht and heat energy the process in which plants give off water through their stomata the change of water from one state to another as it moves between Earth s surface and the atmosphere (aka Hydrological Cycle) the condition of the atmosphere at a certain time and place

9 Ecosystem Interactions (Life Science) Vocabulary List 1, TRS Unit #9: LS1 Abiotic Biotic Ecosystem Habitat Hibernation Migration Overpopulation Predator Prey Unique Niche the nonliving parts of an ecosystem the living parts of an ecosystem all the living and nonliving things that interact with each other in an environment a place in an ecosystem where a population lives a deep sleep-like state of inactivity in animals in which body processes slow down to move from one place to another in search of food, water, or different temperatures when the number of a species outgrows the available resources an animal that hunts for food an animal that a predator eats the special role each organism plays in its habitat Ecosystem Interactions (Life Science) Vocabulary List 2, TRS Unit #9: LS2 carbon dioxide-oxygen cycle carnivore consumer decomposer food chain food web herbivore omnivore photosynthesis producer the movement of carbon dioxide and oxygen gas through the environment of Earth a meat eater; a secondary consumer an organism that must eat to get its energy an organism that gets energy by breaking down dead organisms a model that shows the path of energy as it flows from one living thing to the next a diagram showing several food chains linked together a plant eater; a primary consumer an organism that eats both plants and animals the process of using the energy in sunlight to make food from water and carbon dioxide an organism that makes its own food; a plant

10 Annual Complete Metamorphosis Dormancy Life Cycles (Life Science) Vocabulary List 3, TRS Unit #10: LS3 Incomplete Metamorphosis Larva Life Cycle Metamorphosis Nymph Perennial Pupa a plant that completes an entire life cycle in one year the total change of form that some insects go through as they become adults a phase of minimal activity (ex.: trees in winter, frogs in winter) the partial change of form that some insects go through to become adults an early form of any animal that at birth or hatching is very different from its parent the stages in an organism s life from birth to death a change in the shape or characteristics of an animal s body as it grows an immature insect that differs from the adult chiefly in size and some body parts a plant that lives for more than one year a stage in the life cycle of some insects in which it is enclosed in a cocoon or case

11 Inherited Traits and Learned Behaviors (Life Science) Vocabulary List 4, TRS Unit #11: LS4 Adaptation Camouflage Environment Function Grazer Inherited Trait Learned Behavior Locomotion Structure Survival a structure or behavior that helps an organism survive in its surroundings a pattern or coloring that helps a living thing blend in with its surroundings all of the living and nonliving elements in a particular (geographic) area the action or purpose for which a thing exists or is used an organism that eats grass or other plants characteristics that are passed from parent to offspring (for example: blue eyes, brown hair) a behavior an animal develops by observing other animals or by being taught the act or power of moving from place to place the arrangement or relationship of parts or organs the state of continuing to live or exist