Steel for the development of renewable energy technologies. MSc Pietro Gimondo

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1 Steel for the development of renewable energy technologies MSc Pietro Gimondo Chairman ESTEP WG Energy Markets Brussels

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5 The European Union's 2020 energy policies [COM(2014)15 and COM (2010)639] are driven by three main objectives: 1) to ensure the reliable provision of energy whenever and wherever it is needed; 2) to ensure that energy providers operate in a competitive environment that ensures affordable prices for homes, businesses, and industries; 3) To allow the energy consumption to be sustainable, through the lowering of greenhouse gas emissions, pollution, and fossil fuel dependence. Source: COMMUNICATION FROM THE COMMISSION TO THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT, THE COUNCIL, THE EUROPEAN ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COMMITTEE AND THE COMMITTEE OF THE REGIONS, Energy 2020, A strategy for competitive, sustainable and secure energy, Brussels, , COM(2010) 639 final, and A policy framework for climate and energy in the period from 2020 to 2030, Brussels, , COM(2014) 15 final 5

6 More than half of EU citizens (53% according to EuroBarometer 85.1) would like to see the EU play a bigger role in energy supply and energy security. The EU was given competences in energy policy by the Lisbon Treaty in The main objectives of EU energy policy are sustainability, affordability and security of supply. The Energy Union strategy, adopted in 2015, provides a holistic framework for further integration of European energy markets. According to analysis carried out by the European Parliament, a more integrated single market for energy could result in annual efficiency gains worth 250 billion. 6

7 Accelerating EU transition to a clean, secure, and sustainable energy restoring at the same time the EU competitiveness in the industry in order to create new jobs. The role of innovation in steelmaking is as a consequence crucial to produce Advanced and Innovative Materials. 7

8 Source: Bloomberg New Energy Finance 8

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10 In 2017 an updated version of the Strategic Research Agenda of the European Steel Technology Platform (ESTEP) (officially launched in 2004), was released. It offers a global vision on the innovation and R&D initiatives which will lead to the achievement of the objectives identified in the frame of a sustainable leadership of the EU steel sector in the coming decades. The ambition of the EU steel industry is to maintain and reinforce a global leadership, which is both sustainable and competitive, given the strong development in other parts of the world, notably Asia. 10

11 Steel, being a permanent material, is the material of choice for the Circular Economy since its inherent properties are preserved no matter how many times it is recycled. 11

12 Resource issues Steel & new energy frontiers 12

13 Construction, Mechanical Engineering and Automotive are the sectors of main use of steel 13

14 Sources: VDEh; BCG analysis. 14

15 1. Bioenergy. 2. Net reduction refers to reduction attributable to steel. Note: PP = Power Plant Source: BCG analysis Case Studies for EU27 resulting in annual CO 2 savings of about 440 Mt while emitting only 70 Mt of extra CO 2 15

16 For the nacelle and generator are often needed: Forged parts up to 17 tons for generators and gear boxes Forging grades in bars, squares and rounds Bars for hydraulic pistons and gears Jumbo sections for the nacelle frame as well as engine girders Special Bar Quality (SBQ) for bolts Forged bars for main shaft Connections for wings 16

17 Anchoring Rebars Transition pieces Wind energy requires specific and reliable foundation solutions adapted to high loads and dynamics but also reducing the total environmental footprint of the foundation. Foundations means rebars, bearing piles, sheet piling and anchoring. 17

18 Lattice tower Lattice towers have numerous advantages: Less expensive Increased power with increased wind speed through greater height Minimum 20 % lighter 60% less foundations Easier to deliver in restricted areas (hills, forest) Corrosion protected by galvanizing Easier logistic Lowest life cycle costs for sustainable energy production. 18

19 Tubular tower and long steel profiles? A tubular tower is made of a cylindrical steel tube with diameters and wall thicknesses varying according to power.. Specific criteria to be met by every tower are, for example: steel for flanges with metric weight exceeding 300 kg/m bars for bolts with diameters up to 65 mm merchant bars and sections for cable ducts, ladders and platforms galvanized sections for transformers, control panels and cooling systems Transformer and switch equipment Inner of a tower Off-shore wind farms Hot dip galvanized systems 19

20 Speed of construction and thus investment costs can be particularly reduced by pre-assembly. The use of long products makes an essential contribution. Due to the various available profile dimensions the design can be optimized and the dimensions of the solar modules can be closely coordinated. The corrosion protection of hot dip galvanizing is performed and is thus virtually maintenance free. Solar parks Solar power plants Photovoltaic cells 20

21 Engineers are strongly involved in the design of structural elements, construction details, surface protection, fire safety, metallurgy and welding processes. For these reasons were developed new steel grades combining high yield strength with excellent toughness at low temperatures and outstanding weldability. For the same bearing capacity, in these new materials high strength steel sections are 25 to 50% lighter than conventional steel profiles (S235 & S355). Thanks to this improved performance, construction cost, weight and carbon footprint are significantly reduced. Biomass, as a renewable energy source is biological material from living matter. As an energy source, biomass can either be used directly, or converted into other energy products such as biofuel. 21

22 Hydrogen: Energy source of the future 22

23 Hydrogen can be carried by steel pipelines and stored in steel vessels Hydrogen Steel Vessels and Pipelines Steel is a component of COPVs 23

24 CONCLUSIONS STEEL HIGHLY CONTRIBUTES TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF RENEWABLE TECHNOLOGIES TO REALIZE «A LOW CARBON FUTURE» STEEL CAN BE REUSED, RECYCLED AND IS AS WELL A STEP FORWARD FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF «CLEAN ENERGY» JOIN ESTEP TO REALIZE FUTURE RENEWABLES TECHNOLOGIES 24

25 Thank you for your attention MSc Pietro Gimondo 25