MANAGEMENT MNA COUNTRIES

Transcription

1 WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT IN MNA COUNTRIES THE MNA C BY SHERIF ARIF REGIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL COORDINATOR WATER WEEK: March

2 Water Resources Management Cross-cutting Issues Institutional Framework Economics and Finance Education and Gender Environment, Health, and Social Management Instrument Political economy of Water Management Capacity Building Water Supply and Sanitation Irrigation and Drainage Water Quality and Wastewater Reuse Energy Others 2

3 MEDITERRANEAN ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAM (METAP) BACKGROUND 6 Partner organizations: World Bank, European Investment Bank (EIB), the European Commission (EC), Finland, Switzerland, the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) 15 member countries: Albania, Algeria, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Croatia, Cyprus, Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, Syria, Slovenia Tunisia, Turkey, West Bank and Gaza 3

4 MEDITERRANEAN ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAM (METAP) BACKGROUND Multi-donor program with the objective of strengthening the capacity of the METAP beneficiary countries to address common environmental issues; Initiated in 1990 and has gone through several phases; Phase IV ( ) focuses on capacity building in three major environmental issues common to the Region. 4

5 MEDITERRANEAN ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAM METAP Structure ( ) SECTORAL PILLARS ROSS-CUTTING THEMES Water Water Quality Management Municipal and and Hazardous Waste Waste Management Policy Policy and and Legislation Tools Tools Knowledge Management Local Local Capacity

6 MEDITERRANEAN ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAM METAP APPROACH Country Consultation: - Fact finding missions, - Diagnostics and situation assessment; Information Analysis: - Country specific priorities identification, - Common priorities identification; Development of Strategy and Project Proposal; Implementation of long term activities through Pillar/Anchor agencies. 6

7 ISSUES All METAP Mashreq & Maghreb countries are facing water scarcity As quality of water deteriorates, management of water resources becomes more challenging Supply-side approach alone is unaffordable and unsustainable There is a need to integrate water quality into overall water resources management METAP partners have endorsed water quality management as a priority 7

8 MEDITERRANEAN ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAM METAP WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT INITIATIVE THE SITUATION: Some Indicators for Water Scarcity Country Pop. Size (million Agric. water Renewable Water Resources (million) km 2 ) usage (%) (m 3 /capa/yr) lgeria gypt ,005 ordan ebanon ,200 orocco ,083 yria unisia emen egion Average iddle East and North Africa region average hreshold for Water Stress hreshold for Water Scarcity 1,120-1,200 1,700 1,000 pulation data taken from: The Little Data Book-1999 (Ref. G5) ther data from From Scarcity to Security (Ref. G2) 8

9 DETERIORATION OF WATER QUALITY EFFECT OF POOR WATER QUALITY, INSUFFICENT WATER QUANTITY AND INADEQUATE SANITATION WAS ESTIMATED: EGYPT: 0.8 % OF GDP ($ 720 MILLION) ALGERIA: 0.7% OF GDP ($ 330 MILLION) TUNISIA: 0.3% OF GDP ($ 63 MILLION) LEBANON:0.2% OF GDP ($ 33 MILLION) 9

10 he Water Quality Management Situation Water Quality Management activities Morocco Algeria Tunisia Egypt Jordan Syria Lebanon Yem A clear strategy and action plan for integrated management of resources Integrated approach for water quality management properly developed Policies and action plans in line with country's financial capabilities Options for involvement of the private sector in water quality management well developed Wastewater management among the high priorities Industrial pollution among the high priorities Policy with respect to wastewater management Responsibilities coordinated among concerned authorities with minimum overlapping Monitoring objectives are clearly defined and programs are established on the basis of sustainability Quality control and quality assurance of the monitoring program developed Management instruments beyond command and control are employed Capacities in fields of expertise required for water quality management well developed Decentralization of planning and design in water quality management An up to date water law exists Environmental law and EIA regulations have been passed By-laws and application decrees are developed Content of application decrees and standards are satisfactory and applicable to the specific country's situation Complete set of standards and guidelines is available Appropriate legal framework to implement alternative ways and means for pollution abatement and control measures is in place. Agrochemicals are properly regulated Financial resources allocated for water quality management activities are based on actual cost or on cost recovery principles Relevant data and information on the status (quality and quantity) of water resources and pollution discharges collected Data and information from monitoring disseminated to concerned institutions and organizations Stakeholders involvement in water resources planning and operation Awareness of cause and effect relationships in water quality issues among water quality managers Awareness of facilities and possibilities to conserve water resources and to prevent or reduce pollution needs to be initiated in progress with some work initiated implemented 10

11 METAP WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT FINDINGS COMMON TO THE REGION: Water Policies and action plans are fragmented; Legal frameworks are unable to fully address water quality management; Institutional frameworks are complicated; Public financing capacity is severely limited; Use of data and information in effective planning and decision-making is limited. 11

12 METAP WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT STRATEGY OBJECTIVE: To encourage and enable the METAP Mashreq and Maghreb countries to advance the process of addressing their priority water quality challenges and issues through a systematic and coordinated approach to water quality management. 12

13 METAP WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT THE STRATEGY APPROACH (Systematic Steps) 1. Introduce coordination and linkages for policy, legal and institutional frameworks (allow the alignment of existing organizations and capabilities towards a common objective); 2. Further improve and strengthen coordination with refinement, reorganization and/or creation of new policy, legal and institutional frameworks with introduction of measures to promote and facilitate private sector involvement in water quality management; 3. Move towards a fully integrated framework for policy, legal institutional and private sector involvement as circumstances allow. 13

14 METAP WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT STRATEGIC ACTION PLAN Establish an inter-ministerial committee in every country to oversee the review and coordination of all water quality related policies; Strengthen coordination among the institutions involved in water quality management and related activities; Make the existing legal framework consistent with the policy framework to facilitate implementation; Incorporate wastewater management in water resources management policy/action plans; 14

15 METAP WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT STRATEGIC ACTION PLAN (cont.) Create an enabling legal and institutional environment for private sector involvement in water quality management; Provide relevant data and information to appropriate institutions and organizations for informed decision-making and actions. 15

16 METAP WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT IMPLEMENTATION Development of a series of Technical Assistance Packages: Package 1 - Policy Coordination Package 2 - Legal and Regulatory Coordination Package 3 - Institutional Coordination Package 4 - Private Sector Participation Package 5 - Monitoring and Information Dissemination The TA Packages will focus on priority issues of interest to many countries and allow for country specific priority actions to be incorporated in the packages. Focus is on MNA countries but all other METAP countries would benefit from information sharing 16

17 METAP WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT IMPLEMENTATION (cont.) Each TA Package will be composed of guidelines and a training and capacity building module; Management and implementation of the activity will be undertaken by a national/regional agency in one of the METAP beneficiary countries in cooperation with international consultants in water quality management. The ultimate objective will be to establish of core of expertise of water quality management in the MNA region that could provide support to other countries. 17

18 METAP WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT CURRENT STATUS: Strategy and the Regional Proposal were developed and approved by the METAP Beneficiary Countries; METAP received a grant of the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation for US$ 300,000 to develop two packages: Institutional Coordination Monitoring and Information Dissemination Two national pillar agencies were selected : The Department of Planning and Research of the Water Quality at the Moroccan Ministry of Environment for implementing the institutional coordination activities The National Water Research Center of the Egyptian Ministry of Water Resources and Irrigation for implementing the monitoring and information dissemination activities 18

19 METAP WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT CURRENT STATUS (cont.): April 2003: Grant Agreements to be signed with the two selected April 2003 June 2003: Implementation to start for months 19