ENVIRONMENTAL INSPECTION in the PHILIPPINES

Transcription

1 ENVIRONMENTAL INSPECTION in the PHILIPPINES Engr. Virgilio F. Fabronero, Ch.E, M.E in Ch.E Sr. Environmental Mgt. Specialist Chief, Planning and Mgt. Information Section Environmental Management Bureau Reg. 6 Iloilo City, Philippines

2 Six (6) major environmental laws DENR Organization (E.O. 192, as amended) Created the Environmental Management Bureau. The responsibilities and authorities of EMB have been expanded by subsequent laws on air, water, haz waste, etc. Toxic Substances and Hazardous Waste and Nuclear waste Control Act (R.A 6969). An act to control toxic substances and hazardous and nuclear waste, providing penalties for violation thereof, and for other purposes. Philippine Clean Air Act (R.A 8749) An act providing for a comprehensive Air Pollution Control Policy and for other purposes. Clean Water Act of 2004 (R.A 9275) An act providing for a comprehensive water quality management and for other purposes. To pursue a policy of economic growth in a manner consistent with the protection, preservation and revival of the quality of fresh, brackish and marine water.

3 Six (6) major environmental laws Ecological Solid Waste Management Act (R.A 9003) An act providing for an ecological solid waste management program creating the necessary institutional mechanism and incentives, declaring certain acts prohibited and providing penalties, and for other purposes. Philippine Environmental Impact Statement System (PD 1586) Establishing an environmental impact statement (EIS) system including environmental management related measures and for other purposes.

4 Manpower complement Regional Office 17 Plantilla personnel 12 Transferred DENR personnel 18 Complement DENR personnel comprises of the following: PENROS (Technical) 1 in Aklan 1 in Antique 1 in Capiz 1 in Iloilo 1 in Guimaras 2 in Negros Occ. CENROS (Technical) 1 in every CENRO or a total of 11 Out of the above detailed personnel, only 3 has an engineering education.

5 EMB Region 6 Profile As of December 2006: Total No. of Registered Industries 843 Some of these industries have both air, water and hazardous waste concern. 819 AIR Pollutive Firms 316 WATER Pollutive Firms 118 both with air and water pollutive firms 14 Sugar Mills 4 Distilleries 1 Brewery 5 Soft drink (Beverage) Factory 10 Piggeries 6 Marine Product Processing (Frozen Food) Slaughterhouses Rice and Feed Milling 84 Registered Hazardous Waste Generator

6 EMB Region 6 Profile Operational Constraints Lack of technical manpower Structural Problem Inconsistent and insufficient reports, more particularly Inspection and Monitoring Reports Need for retooling of EMS Specialists in the Field Need for additional vehicles due to the geographic location of the provinces

7 Current practice in the Conduct of Inspection: 1. Inspection is being conducted as a regular activity. 2. Monitoring of compliance to PAB Orders. 3. Complaints. 4. Validation of Self Monitoring Reports. 5. Inspection is being conducted by PENRO and CENRO EMS Specialists.

8 Problems/Gaps Identified 1. Inspection Reports 2. Inspectors Capability 3. Targeting 4. Analytical Quality and Laboratory Capacity 5. Compliance to Commitments during Technical Conferences 6. Increase in Rate of Inspection

9 Problem areas Findings/recommendations are very insufficient that failed to show the actual picture of company operations and detailed environmental conditions. Inspection report format does not shows specific data requirements to guide field inspector to have a focus area during inspection. Insufficiency of information sometimes will lead to another inspection. Insufficiency of information could affects management in decision making.

10 RECOMMENDED IMPROVEMENTS TO STRENGTHEN INSPECTOR S INSPECTION REPORTS: Develop a multimedia checklist that will guide/remind the Inspectors on the vital information that will be included in the narrative report (findings and recommendations part) and in elaborating such portion of the report The multimedia checklist shall track compliance to permit conditions, standards, shall contain compliance to existing regulations The checklist shall contain vital information not found in the Inspection Report format which can be a vital information for PAB, on special cases only The checklist can be a planning tool which can guide the management in future decision making The checklist is a separate document from the Inspection report. Procedures on how the documents shall be generated and used shall be prepared by EMB 6

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14 Summary: Checklist Data requirements will focus more on that specific industry and will cover tri-media (air, water, hazardous waste) concern for one inspection activities which will reduce cost. It can guide the inspector in conducting a walkthrough. In conducting inspection it could provide the entire spectrum of its operation and compliance with the environmental laws based on the data required in the checklist. The checklist guide/remind the inspector on what they need to address in preparing a narrative report specific for such industry. It could be used as basis in elaborating their findings and recommendations when preparing the inspection report. Able to provide substantial data which can be used in the emission inventory.

15 Problem of doing Inspection in Sugar Mills: Delayed entry. Unfamiliarity with the process operation involved leading to the non-identification of sources (both air and water). Sampling protocol to be used. Identification of sampling points specifically on receiving body of water

16 Specific pollution problem for Sugar Mills: Identification of the different sources of wastewater from raw cane input to raw sugar output and its corresponding pollutants. Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Dissolved Oxygen (D.O), ph, Temperature, TDS, TSS, Oil and Grease Identification of the different sources of air emission from raw cane input to raw or refined sugar output and its corresponding pollutants. Particulate Matters (Bagasse from bagasse shed, Ash from boilers) Molasses Tank Yard (Spillage) Sugar Spillage Lime Mixing Tank Spillage

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18 Specific pollution problem for Sugar Mills: Airborne Bagasse from bagasse shed and ash emission from boilers. Oil and Grease from the Roller Mill. Ash Laden Water from Air Pollution Control Facility (If using wet type System). Operation of Wastewater: Presence of scum Color of the wastewater from each stages Point of discharge Presence of bypass canal Condenser water (high temp., contaminated with sugar)

19 Sampling Water: (minimum 4 samples) Influent and Effluent as minimum requirements. If to check the WTF efficiency, take sample at each stages. Upstream and downstream of the receiving Upstream and downstream of the receiving body of water (upstream 10 to 20 meters, and at the mixing zone for the downstream of the discharge point ).

20 Sampling Air: (minimum 2 trials per stack for each parameter) Stack sampling using method 5 equipment (if no other fuel type used; settle for TSP, SO2 if used oil is being recycled in the boiler) for each stack. Use discrete opacity observation using Ringelmann chart (use only on routine inspection) Use ambient sampler for TSP at the downwind area if necessary from bagasse shed.

21 Pollution Control Facility Air Multi-cyclone (Dry and Wet Type) serving the boiler Wastewater : Lagoon System (stabilization pond) Anaerobic pond and aerobic pond Facultative Pond Maturation Pond Activated Sludge Process (conventional) Impounding pond for irrigation purposes Spray pond for condenser water. Oil water Separator for oil laden waste

22 Sample Field Analysis Dissolved Oxygen using equipment or titration method. ph use of ph meter Temperature using mercury field Temperature using mercury field thermometer or equipment

23 Piggery Production: Pollution Problem: If with feed mill component: Feed mill dust Without feed mill component: From pig houses: Washing, spilled feeds, urine and manure (form part of the wastewater) Pig mortalities, used vaccine vials and syringes (Solid Waste)

24 Piggery production Sampling: Wastewater: minimum of 4 samples: Influent and effluent Upstream and downstream of receiving body of water. Source of water (for computation of load base fee) Note: it is the policy of the office to conduct inspection on 1 piggery in one day to avoid contamination with other piggery.

25 Piggery Production: Pollution Control Facilities: Feed mill dust Cyclone and Filter bags Wastewater: Lagoon System (stabilization pond) Biogas Digester followed by stabilization pond Solid Waste: Septic Tank for pig mortality with lime application. Vaulting method for vials and syringes.

26 Alcohol Distillery Air Emission Carbon dioxide emission during fermentation Dependent on the fuel used in the boiler (Ash, SO2, NO2. Dust emission from the coal yard Solid Waste Generation: Sludge from the fermenter (spent yeast) Wastewater Slops from distillation process Spilled molasses from molasses tank farm

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28 Sampling: Air emission: 2 trials for every stack in terms of TSP, SO2, NO2 (using bunker and coal as fuel combined with Biogas methane ). Stack sampling using method 1 to 8 SST equipment Use discrete opacity observation using Ringelmann chart (use only on routine inspection). Use ambient sampler for TSP and SO2 at the downwind area if necessary from coal yard if it uses coal as fuel. Note: Stack sampling port should be located within the 2 times inside diameter from the top of the stack and 5 to 8 times inside diameter from the breach.

29 Sampling Port Location 2 times inside diameter Sampling port 5 to 8 times inside diameter From boiler Stack

30 Sampling Water: (minimum 4 samples) Influent and Effluent as minimum requirements. If to check the WTF efficiency, take sample at each stages. Upstream and downstream of the receiving body of water (upstream 10 to 20 meters, and at the mixing zone for the downstream of the discharge point if discharge into the sea the distance is dependent on the results of the model to which additional sampling point is located at the coastal area). Sampling is also taken from the water source to be used for the computation of load base fee (as required by our Clean Water Act.

31 Pollution control facilities: Air: Multi-cyclone Dry type serving the boiler. CO2 is being reprocess for soft drink used. Spent yeast is being recovered for feeds raw materials Wastewater: Conventional activated sludge process. Extended aeration activated sludge process using UASB to recover the Methane Gas as secondary fuel to the boiler and using combined surface and diffused aerators. Use surface wetland as final treatment prior to discharge into the receiving body of water. Wastewater after treatment is used for irrigation/fertilization of sugarcane field.

32 Air Pollution Standard for Source Specific

33 Effluent Quality Standard:

34 Effluent Quality Standard for strong waste

35 Other problems Safety: Use of safety paraphernalia's Rely on the equipment that is being provided by the company such as safety shoes. Hard hat Gloves Stack ladder is being provided with guard railings. Mask Ear plug

36 Summary Inspection: Use of Senses Sight, smell, taste and others to observe any changes in the environment. Look for the initial point of wastewater generation and drainage canal (where does it leads to?). Observed WTPs operation on each stages (changes in color, presence of scum, motor operation, etc.). Any given information (Verbal or written) should be validated through actual observation. Process Review What source(s) emit(s) or Discharges What pollutants. Refer to the schematic/flow diagram or water balance sheet. Use of sampling and testing instrument To determine not only WHAT but also HOW MUCH.

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