Need for development of a bifacial glassglass c-si module for Atacama Desert

Transcription

1 Need for development of a bifacial glassglass c-si module for Atacama Desert high power AtaMo with Chile s local content Dr. Radovan Kopecek, Dr. Enrique Cabrera International Solar Energy Research Center (ISC), Konstanz, Germany

2 GOOD NEWS FOR PV MANUFACTURERS FROM EUROPE

3 GOOD NEWS FOR PV MANUFACTURERS FROM EUROPE Does solar cell or module production outside of Asia make sense?? YES: if - large scale is foreseen or/and - innovations implemented or/and - local market addressed 3

4 content ISC Konstanz in 5 min PV past and future why new developments are important now? PV in desert areas which module technology is most suited? Bifacialty why will it become important for future systems? AtaMo (Atacama Module) what will such a module look like? 4

5 ISC Konstanz 5

6 ISC Konstanz short overview International Solar Energy Research Center e.v. Non profit organisation Founded in December 2005 R&D in the area of c-si solar cells and modules About 50 employees Turnover in 2013: 4.5 Mio 6

7 location within Germany solar cell manufacturers universities, institutes 7

8 top PV research institutes world wide 8

9 ISC partners/customers machine builders component suppliers cell and modules universities/institutes 9

10 publicly funded projects 2014 financed by Federal German Ministries PVscan (BMU) studies of module degradation in the field MetalTopp (BMU) development of p+-contacting pastes for n-type solar cells B-PV (ZIM) development of building integrated PV devices 10ct development of diffused ZEBRA technology with FHG ISE and RENA SolarChilD development of Atacama module (AtaMo) with SERC Chile financed by European Union within FP7 HERCULES development of IBC solar cells and modules SolarTeam SoG-Si for mass production CoSSmic smart micro grids in city of Konstanz modern-type (Eurostar) development of new powerful IBC module 10

11 industrial cell ZOO if ISC Konstanz 11

12 industrial cell ZOO if ISC Konstanz 12

13 ISC focus research and development mc-si: 16-17% > 17% Cz-Si: % >21% training and education 7 PhD 2 Master / 3 DHBW 5 practice development cooperation Cameroon: 5 projects India: 4 project Tanzania: 2 projects Kenya: 3 projects Ghana: 1 project Mexico: 1 project 4 PhD students from Chile spreading of PV 13

14 development cooperation 14

15 development cooperation 15

16 development cooperation and R&D G A Cameroon (SLAK) 2009 B India (SUNI) 2010 C Tanzania (TanSol) 2011 D Ghana 2012 E Kenya 2012 F Nepal 2013 G Mexico 2013 H Chile 2013 I Morocco 2013 J Egypt 2013 K Philippines Italy Chile Egypt Malaysia 2014 I D A 1 J 3 E C B F 4 K H 2 16

17 status of PV

18 energy turn around 18

19 status of PV 2014: history, present and future 5 /Wp 100 GWp/a overcapacity 60GWp/a module costs ct/wp mass production in China gold rush installation GWp/a capacity module prod. GWp/a feed in tariff creation of market 60 ct/wp <0.1GWp/a First they ignore you, then they laugh at you, then they fight you, then you win. 19

20 status of PV 2014: market total installed capacity of ca. 130GWp 2013: 440 W/person 2020: 650 W/person W/person Source: Market Outlook, EPIA,

21 status of PV 2014: market total installed capacity of ca. 130GWp 2013: 440 W/person 2020: 650 W/person W/person Source: Market Outlook, EPIA,

22 status of PV 2013: costs for system modules 0.6 /Wp 1 /Wp BOS (balance of system) - inverter, meter - cables, mounting system - mounting source of picture: internet 22

23 status of PV 2013: history, present and future 23

24 fact: 100% renewable in Germany other Wind offshore Wind onshore PV need source: volkerquaschning.de week weekly electricity power need and production in Germany 200 GW PV, 100 GW wind power 24

25 PV technologies on the market which concepts are suitable for Latin America? 25

26 irradiation map 26

27 interesting technologies for Chile c-si thin film C-PV

28 interesting technologies for Chile c-si thin film C-PV mc / Cz Si CdTe / CIGS low / high conc.

29 interesting technologies for Chile c-si thin film C-PV mc / Cz Si CdTe / CIGS low / high conc. - high efficiencies - high temperature coefficient - low costs and high reduction potential - excellent future - low efficiencies - low temperature coefficient - low costs and high reduction potential - unsure future - highest efficiencies - no temperature coefficient - rather high costs (low volume)? - very unsure future - innovations expected in production -innovations need time - environmental aspect - innovations need time

30 interesting technologies for Chile c-si thin film C-PV mc / Cz Si CdTe / CIGS low / high conc. - high efficiencies - high temperature coefficient - low costs and high reduction potential - excellent future - low efficiencies - low temperature coefficient - low costs and high reduction potential - unsure future - highest efficiencies - no temperature coefficient - rather high costs (low volume) - very unsure future - innovations expected in production -innovations need time - environmental aspect - innovations need time

31 interesting technologies for Chile c-si thin film C-PV mc / Cz Si CdTe / CIGS low / high conc. - high efficiencies - high temperature coefficient - low costs and high reduction potential - excellent future - low efficiencies - low temperature coefficient - low costs and high reduction potential - unsure future - highest efficiencies - no temperature coefficient - rather high costs (low volume) - very unsure future - innovations expected in production -innovations need time - environmental aspect - innovations need time

32 c-si vs. thin film

33 interesting technologies for Chile residential large power plants c-si: mc- or Cz-Modules - research is ongoing to reduce the temperature coefficient - module properties have to be adapted to climatic properties c-si (or C-PV) - bifacial modules are extremely interesting - large C-PV producer has to go in real mass production - module efficiency is fast improving

34 interesting technologies for Chile residential large power plants c-si: mc- or Cz-Modules - research is ongoing to reduce the temperature coefficient - module properties have to be adapted to climatic properties c-si (or C-PV) - bifacial modules are extremely interesting - large C-PV producer has to go in real mass production - module efficiency is fast improving

35 Research topics

36 Research topics in c-si PV

37 Research topics in c-si PV

38 AA bifacial c-si solar cells and modules

39 Why bifacial now?? 1) Advanced solar cells becoming bifacial anyhow 2) Module producers move to glass/glass anyhow 3) In dessert regions high ground reflectivity is guaranteed

40 Why bifacial now?? NEWS 2013

41 Why bifacial now?? NEWS 2013

42 P mpp gain [arbitrary in P [%] units] bifacial modules: standard orientation outdoors measurement on roof of PV lab at UKON (southern Germany) 1, white board Conditions 70 0,8 - module embedded in black frame (1x0.5) m ,6 - placed on white board 50 - inclined 0,4 by 30 and facing to the South 40 - measured in bifacial and monofacial (rear side 0,2 30 covered) arrangement average gain in P of 33% bifacial monofacial 0, time time during during one one day day in in August August [h] [h] Dr. Radovan Kopecek, What is behind a solar cell?, June

43 bifacial modules: east west orientation

44 bifacial modules: system measurements 44

45 measurements in desert conditions

46 2 modules developed at ISC Konstanz 290W 260W

47 EL of three different bifacial modules

48 indoor separate measurements

49 indoor bifacial measurements

50 outdoor measurements El Gouna, Egypt Konstanz, Germany

51 outdoor measurements: comparison

52 outdoor measurements: 400Wp

53 AtaMo (Atacama Module) 400W : 45ct/Wp 260W: 50ct/Wp AtaMo standard

54 AtaMo: first idea of cell and module Bifacial Cell >>> 20% efficiency - high bifaciality coefficient >0.9 - high efficiency (high voltage) >> low T-coefficient - low costs (Cu-Metallisation) Glass/glass Module >>> 400Wp - thin glasses - frameless modules - gluing or pressing instead of solder (no Pb and low micro cracks) - silicones instead of EVA (better UV response, long stability) - bypass diodes for 20 A (or half cells) - junction boxes at sides System design - minimizing BOS (minimising installation material) - novel reflective systems

55 2 nd bifipv workshop 2014

56 2 nd bifipv workshop 2014

57 Large bifacial c-si PV System

58 Costs: large bifacial c-si PV system 10 ct/kwh: Germany, 250W c-si module PRESENT

59 Costs: large bifacial c-si PV system 10 ct/kwh: Germany, 250W c-si module PRESENT 9 ct/kwh: Germany, 300W c-si module (better technology, lower BOS)

60 Costs: large bifacial c-si PV system 10 ct/kwh: Germany, 250W c-si module PRESENT 9 ct/kwh: Germany, 300W c-si module (better technology, lower BOS) 4 ct/kwh: Atacama, 300W c-si module

61 Costs: large bifacial c-si PV system 10 ct/kwh: Germany, 250W c-si module PRESENT 9 ct/kwh: Germany, 300W c-si module (better technology, lower BOS) 4 ct/kwh: Atacama, 300W c-si module 3.3 ct/kwh: Atacama, 300W c-si glass-glass module (longer lifetime)

62 Costs: large bifacial c-si PV system 10 ct/kwh: Germany, 250W c-si module PRESENT 9 ct/kwh: Germany, 300W c-si module (better technology, lower BOS) 4 ct/kwh: Atacama, 300W c-si module 3.3 ct/kwh: Atacama, 300W c-si glass-glass module (longer lifetime) 2.5 ct/kwh: Atacama, 375W c-si glass-glass bifacial module 18 CLP

63 Costs: large bifacial c-si PV system 10 ct/kwh: Germany, 250W c-si module PRESENT 9 ct/kwh: Germany, 300W c-si module (better technology, lower BOS) 4 ct/kwh: Atacama, 300W c-si module 3.3 ct/kwh: Atacama, 300W c-si glass-glass module (longer lifetime) 2.5 ct/kwh: Atacama, 375W c-si glass-glass bifacial module 18 CLP only evolution we can have tomorrow!!

64 Electricity production and consumption electricity need 7 am 5 pm

65 Electricity production and consumption electricity need 2.5 ct/kwh: bifacial solar in north direction 7 am 5 pm

66 Electricity production and consumption electricity need 2.5 ct/kwh: bifacial solar in north + east/west direction 7 am 5 pm

67 Electricity production and consumption electricity need 2.5 ct/kwh: bifacial solar in north + east/west direction 7 am 5 pm

68 Electricity production and consumption electricity need 2.5 ct/kwh: bifacial solar in north + east/west direction 7 am 5 pm

69 Electricity production and consumption adaptation of electricity need 2.5 ct/kwh: bifacial solar in north + east/west direction 7 am 5 pm

70 Electricity production and consumption sell overproduction (Atatec) 2.5 ct/kwh: bifacial solar in north + east/west direction 7 am 5 pm

71 Electricity production and consumption store and use - water - gas - mechanical? 2.5 ct/kwh: bifacial solar in north + east/west direction 7 am 5 pm

72 SolarChilD: 2 years project

73 SolarChilD: 2 years project

74 SolarChilD: 2 years project ( ) testing - demonstrators - exchange of students - workshops - publications - new project proposals PhD student from Chile paid by ISC Konstanz cell development

75 SolarChilD: 2 years project ( ) testing - demonstrators - exchange of students - workshops - publications - new project proposals PhD student from Chile paid by ISC Konstanz cell development

76 SolarChilD: 2 years project ( ) testing - demonstrators - exchange of students - workshops - publications - new project proposals PhD student Jorge Rabanal cell development

77 AtaMo (Atacama Module) 400W : 45ct/Wp 260W: 50ct/Wp AtaMo standard

78 AtaMo: first idea of cell and module Bifacial Cell >>> 20% efficiency - high bifaciality coefficient >0.9 - high efficiency (high voltage) >> low T-coefficient - low costs (Cu-Metallisation) Glass/glass Module >>> 400Wp - thin glasses - frameless modules - gluing or pressing instead of solder (no Pb and low micro cracks) - silicones instead of EVA (better UV response, long stability) - bypass diodes for 20 A (or half cells) - junction boxes at sides System - minimizing BOS (minimising installation material) - novel reflective systems - 1 axis trackers - recycling - storage

79 AtaMo: first idea of cell and module Glass/glass Module >>> 400Wp - thin glasses - frameless modules - gluing or pressing instead of solder (no Pb and low micro cracks) - silicones instead of EVA (better UV response, long stability) - bypass diodes for 20 A (or half cells) - junction boxes at sides System - minimizing BOS (minimising installation material) - novel reflective systems - 1 axis trackers - recycling - storage Bifacial Cell >>> 20% efficiency - high bifaciality coefficient >0.9 - high efficiency (high voltage) >> low T-coefficient - low costs (Cu-Metallisation)

80 LG electronics NeoN (BOSCH, Yingli, First Solar, Nexolon, ) AtaMo: ISC Konstanz: BiSoN >>> AtaMo >> low T coefficient >> more sensivite to UV >> Cu metallisation

81 AtaMo: Apollon Solar

82 ISC Konstanz research for a sunny future THANK YOU! LET S GO FOR AtaMo

83 Following presentations Metallisation for low cost and high efficient devices Characterisation of high efficiency cells, modules and systems Axel Metz