Noell Entrained-Flow Gasification

Transcription

1 Noell Entrained-Flow Gasification Industrial and chemical wastes Conventional fuels Industrial and chemical wastes high-salt ash-free ash-free ash-containing ash-containing Reactor with special cooling screen and quench Reactor with cooling wall Reactor with cooling screen Syngas Methanol Hydrogen Fertilizers Oxoalcohols Raw syngas Recovered resources Gas to energetic use Power Heat Fuel gas Fig. 1 ; bbp_environ.pot Seite 1 von x

2 Noell Entrained-Flow Gasifiers Burner insert Reactor with Cooling Screen Reactor with Cooling Wall Burner insert Cooling jacket Refractory lining SiC layer Coolant Gas and slag outlet Partial quench system Gas outlet Fig. ; bbp_environ.pot Seite von x

3 Reactor Cooling Screen Liquid slag Membrane wall Pressurized water Solid slag Ramming mass/ studs Fig. ; bbp_environ.pot Seite von x

4 Chemical industry Energy industries Refineries Waste management Feed streams: - Conventional carriers of energy - Light and heavy oils - Hard coal - Brown coal - Petrol coke - Heavy oil - Waste oil - Tar, sludges - Synthesis residuals e. g. chlorinated organic nitrogen organic salt-containing - Heavy oil - ORIMULSION - Residual gases - Particulate materials Process objectives: Utilisation of toxic wastes Steam generation Fuel gas generation Generation of electricity using IGCC technology Generation of synthesis gas and hydrogen Generation of electricity using IGCC technology Waste disposal and utilisation Emission control Electricity generation Tab. 1 ; bbp_environ.pot Seite 4 von x

5 Routes for Caprolactam Production (nach: Ullmanns Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Volume A5 VCH Verlagsgesellschaft mbh, Weinheim, 1986) Furfural Acetylene Propylene Ethylene Butadiene Cyclohexane O Furan -Butyne-1,4-diol Ethylene oxide 1,4-Dichloro--butene Cyclohexanone 1,4-Butanediol Acrylonitrile 1,4-Dicyano--butene Tetrahydrofuran amine 1,4-Dichlorobutane -Valerolactone -Chlorovaleronitrile Adiponitrile -Cyanovaleric acid -Aminocapronitrile Cyclohexanonoxime -Aminocaproic acid -Caprolactam Feeds: NI Waste NYLON INTERMEDIATE ORGANICS WOG NITRILE MIXTURE PCU CONCENTRATED POLYMER WASTE AMS AMMONIUM SULPHATE Nylon 6, Perlon Fig. 4 ; bbp_environ.pot Seite 5 von x

6 Absorber vent Air Ammonia Propylene REACTOR NH +C H +O CH CH 6 CN 4 QUENCH RECOVERY H SO Waste water to biotreatment Spent catalyst CATALYST REMOVAL Crude acetonitrile to incineration or purification (WOG) Polymer/heavy organics to incineration (PCU) Product acrylonitrile Product column bottoms Typical Acrylonitrile Process AMMONIUM SULPHATE UNIT HCN STORAGE AMS product Waste water to incineration or treatment (AMS) HCN product or incineration Fig. 5 ; bbp_environ.pot Seite 6 von x

7 Seal Sands Feed Analyses Parameter Unit 1 Group of substances 4 C wt.-% 6.5 H wt.-% 7.4 N wt.-%.8 S mg/kg 9 Cl mg/kg < < 5 < < ,5 15 Ash wt.-% <.5 <.5 <.5.68 Moisture wt.-% Calorific value kj/kg,7 1, 8 85 Feed rate kg/h 66 5 Tab. ; bbp_environ.pot Seite 7 von x

8 Gasification Facilities of in Freiberg Sewage sludge drier 5 kg/h Pyrolysis unit 5 kg/h Gasifier Reactor with cooling screen 7-1 MW, max. 4 bar COS hydrolysis HCN hydrolysis SulFerox desulphurisation unit Waste water treatment Inert gas plant 14 Nm³/h 8 bar Pulverized fuel dosing and feeding system (up to 1 t/h) Gasifier Reactor with cooling wall -5 MW max. 4 bar Oxygen plant max. 5 Nm³/h 8 bar Fig. 6 ; bbp_environ.pot Seite 8 von x

9 Schematic Flow Diagram of the Test Facility Pulverized fuel Pulverized fuel feeding Vent gas Gasification Oxygen Inert gas Nitrogen waste organics Quenching/Scrubbing Raw gas cooling Inert gas Syngas Sulfur Inert gas Granulate discharge system Feed water Desulfuri- zation Waste water treatment Feed water Slag Fig. 7 ; bbp_environ.pot Seite 9 von x

10 Chemical Composition and Calorific Value of Test Material 1 H O C wt.% wt.% H wt.% N wt.% O S wt.% mg/kg < 5 Cl mg/kg < 5 Ash dry% <.5.4. Ni Fe Na K mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg 4 1 Gross calorific value MJ/kg Net calorific value MJ/kg Viscosity at C mpas Tab. ; bbp_environ.pot Seite 1 von x

11 Equilibrium Concentrations of HCN and NH (related to dry raw gas) in the System C, CO, CO, CH, CHO, CN, C N, H, H, H O, HCN, N, N, NH, N H, NO, O 4 4 x NH mg/m³ 4 HCN mg/m³ 1676 NH 147 Thermodynamic soot formation limit HCN 49 1 HCN 1 5 NH C 16 Fig. 8 ; bbp_environ.pot Seite 11 von x

12 Composition of Gasification Gases Gas analysis Group of substances 1 Sewage sludge Brown coal Hard coal H.1 CO CH 4 CO 6. N NH mg/nm³ HCN mg/nm³ Tab. 4 ; bbp_environ.pot Seite 1 von x

13 Reactor/ Partial quench system Hot gas filtration LP steam generation Desulphurisation Oxygen 45 Nm³/h Substance 1 kg/h Substance kg/h Substance 66 kg/h Substance 4 5 kg/h HP steam generation Single catalyst COS/HCN- hydrolysis Cooling 14 C 8 C Desul- phurisation Cleaned gas 6 Waste water treatment Fine dust Treated waste water Sulphur Temperature C Pressure bar Mass flow rate kg/h,51 6, ,857 14,598 14,4 H CO CO N H O H S NH HCN <5mg/Nm³ COS Fig. 9 ; bbp_environ.pot Seite 1 von x