ENVIRONMENTAL PRODUCT DECLARATION

Transcription

1 ENVIRONMENTAL PRODUCT DECLARATION In accordance with ISO for Granirapid (grey & white) Elastorapid (grey & white) Kerabond (grey & white) + 50% Isolastic Kerabond (grey & white) + 100% Isolastic Programme: The International EPD System; Programme operator: EPD International AB EPD registration number: S-P Approval date: Valid until: Geographical scope: International 1

2 1. COMPANY DESCRIPTION / GOAL & SCOPE Founded in 1937 in Milan, Italy, Mapei produces adhesives and complementary products for laying all types of floor, wall and coating materials, and is also specialized in other chemical products used in the building industry, such as waterproofing products, special mortars, admixtures for concrete, products for underground constructions and for the restoration of concrete and historical buildings. There are currently 79 subsidiaries in Mapei Group, with a total of 67 production facilities located around the world in 32 different countries and in 5 different continents. Mapei has also 18 central laboratories. Most locations are ISO 9001 and ISO or EMAS-certified. Mapei s strategy of internationalization is based on two main objectives: being closer to local needs and the lowest transport costs possible. With the declared objective of being close to buyers and clients, the strength of Mapei in the five continents is to comply the requirements of each single country, and to use only locally-based managers and qualified personnel, without changing the approach of the Company. Mapei invests 12% of its company s total work-force and 5% of its turnover in Research & Development; in particular, 70% of its R&D efforts are directed to develop eco-sustainable and environmentally friendly products which give important contribution to all main green rating for eco-sustainable buildings such as LEED and BREEAM. Furthermore, Mapei has developed a sales and technical service network with offices all over the world and offers an efficient Technical Assistance Service that is valued by architects, engineers, contractors and owners. Mapei Italian plants are located in Robbiano di Mediglia, Latina and Sassuolo. The goal of the study is to provide necessary data and documentation to produce an EPD according to the requirements of PCR according to EN 15804:2014 and PCR Environdec, version 2.01, date and to have more comprehension about the environmental impacts related to Elastorapid (powder + latex), Granirapid (powder + latex) and Kerabond (powder + latex: ISOLASTIC) manufactured in Mapei S.p.A. located in Robbiano di Mediglia (MI-ITALY), Latina (LT ITALY) and Sassuolo (MO-ITALY), in year 2015, including packaging of the finished products (both powder and latex). Target audiences of the study are customers and other parties with an interest in the environmental impacts of Granirapid (A+B), Elastorapid (A+B), and Kerabond + Isolastic (A+B). This analysis shall not support comparative assertions intended to be disclosed to the public. 2

3 2. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION Granirapid (A+B) is an improved (2), fast-setting (F) cementitious (C), deformable (S1) adhesive classified as C2F S1. It s used for bonding all kinds of interior and exterior ceramic tiles: conglomerates, artificial and natural stones, marble on both walls and floors. The product has very low emissions of volatile organic compounds. Elastorapid (A+B) is a highly deformable (S2), improved (2), fast-setting (F) cementitious (C) adhesive, slip resistant (T) and with extended open time (E), classified as C2FTE S2. It s used for bonding all kinds of interior and exterior ceramic tiles (single-fire, double-fire, porcelain, clinker, ), natural stones and artificial materials slightly sensitive to humidity. Kerabond is a normal (1) cementitious adhesive (C) classified as C1. Mixing Kerabond with Isolastic in place of water, improves the characteristics to meet the requirement of class C2E S2. It s used for interior and exterior bonding all kinds of ceramic tiles. All products are compliant with EN (Adhesives for tiles. Requirements, evaluation of conformity, classification and designation) and ISO (Ceramic tiles - Grouts and adhesives - Part 1: Terms, definitions and specifications for adhesives: definitions and characteristics). Products are supplied as follows Granirapid (kit A+B): 25kg (grey version), 22,5kg (white version) multiplybags for powder and HDPE tank with 5,5kg for latex Elastorapid (kit A+B): 25kg multiplybags for powder and HDPE tank with 6,25kg for latex Kerabond + ISOLASTIC: 25kg multiplybags for powder and HDPE tank with 25kg or 5kg for latex 3. CONTENT DECLARATION The main components and ancillary materials of Granirapid (grey & white), Elastorapid (grey & white), and Kerabond (grey & white) + Isolastic, are the following: Table 1: Composition Materials Percentage (%) binders fillers other (additives & packaging) 0-15 The formulations contain no hazardous substances. These products contain no substances of very high concern (SVHC) on the REACH Candidate List published by the European Chemicals Agency in a concentration more than 0,1 % (by unit weight). Granirapid Elastorapid Kerabond + Isolastic 1

4 4. DECLARED UNIT AND REFERENCE SERVICE LIFE: The declared unit is 1kg of powder (included packaging) and the requested weight for the latex, as follows: Granirapid (grey): 1kg powder + 220g latex Granirapid (white): 1kg powder + 240g latex Elastorapid (grey&white): 1kg powder + 250g latex Kerabond (grey&white) + 50% Isolastic: 1kg powder + 330g diluted latex Kerabond (grey&white) + 100% Isolastic: 1kg powder + 330g latex Packaging materials (both powder and latex) include: Wooden pallet Cardboard (used for powders) HDPE + PP (used for latex) LDPE used as wrapping material The reference service life of the adhesives, if professionally installed and properly used, is estimated to be the same as the building one. 5. SYSTEM BOUNDARIES & ADDITIONAL TECHNICAL INFORMATION: The approach is a cradle to gate with option. The following modules have been considered: A1-A3 (production stage): extraction and transport of raw materials, packaging included, and production process. A4 (Construction process stage): transport of the finished product to final customers. Table 2: System boundaries (X=included, MND= module not declared) Product stage Assemby stage Use stage End of life stage Upstream Core Raw materials Transport Manufacturing Transport Assembly Use Maintenance Repair Replacement Refurbishment Operational energy use Operational water use De-construction demolition Transport Waste processing Disposal Reuse-Recovery- Recycling-potential A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7 C1 C2 C3 C4 D X X X X MND MND MND MND MND MND MND MND MND MND MND MND MND 2

5 A brief description of production process is the following: Figure 1: Production process detail The production process starts from raw materials, that are purchased from external and intercompany suppliers and stored in the plant. Bulk raw materials are stored in specific silos and added automatically in the production mixer, according to the formula of the product. Other raw materials, supplied in bags or big bags, are stored in their warehouse and added automatically or manually in the mixer. The production is a discontinuous process, in which all the components are mechanically mixed in batches. The semi-finished product is then packaged in bags, put on wooden pallets, covered by stretched hoods and stored in the Finished Products warehouse. The quality of final products is controlled before the sale. Granirapid Elastorapid Kerabond + Isolastic 3

6 Table 3: Transport to the building site (A4) Name Value Unit Means of transport: truck euro 3 with 27 tons of payload & Ocean ship with DWT Litres of fuel (truck) ~ 2E-03 l/du*100km Litres of fuel (ship) ~ 4E-04 l/du*100km Transport distance (weighted average) ~ 400 km Capacity utilisation (including empty runs) 85 % Gross density of products transported ~ 1400 kg/m 3 Gross density of liquid products transported ~ 1000 kg/m 3 Capacity utilisation volume factor 100 % DU: declared unit 4

7 6. CUT-OFF RULES & ALLOCATION Criteria for the exclusion of inputs and outputs (cut-off rules) in the LCA, information modules and any additional information are intended to support an efficient calculation procedure. They are not applied in order to hide data. The following procedure is followed for the exclusion of inputs and outputs: All inputs and outputs to a unit process are included in the calculation, for which data are available. Less than 1 % of the total mass inputs / outputs of the unit process A1 and A3, are cut off (see Table 4). Input flows are covered for the whole formula. Table 4: Cut-off criteria Process excluded from study A3: production (auxiliary materials) Cut-off criteria less than 10E-5 kg / kg of finished product Quantified contribution from process less than 10E-5 kg / kg of finished product A3: waste less than 10E-5 kg / kg of finished product less than 10E-5 kg / kg of finished product For the allocation procedure and principles, consider the following table (Table 5): Table 5: Allocation procedure and principles Module Allocation Principle A1; A2 All data are referred to 1kg of product A1: electricity is allocated to the whole plant production A3; A4 All data are referred to 1kg of packaged product A3-wastes: all data are allocated to the whole plant production Granirapid Elastorapid Kerabond + Isolastic 5

8 7. ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE & INTERPRETATION Granirapid (grey) Table 6: Granirapid grey Environmental categories GWP 100 kg CO 2 eq. 7,39E-01 6,46E-03 ADP e (element) kg Sb eq. 2,93E-03 4,25E-10 EP kg (PO 4 ) 3- eq. 2,37E-04 9,29E-06 AP kg SO 2 eq. 3,35E-03 3,73E-05 POCP kg ethylene eq. 2,95E-04-1,51E-05 ODP kg R-11 eq. 2,16E-09 2,94E-14 ADP f (fossil) MJ 1,57E+01 8,80E-02 GWP100: Global Warming Potential; ADPe: Abiotic Depletion Potential (elements); EP: Eutrophication Potential; AP: Acidification Potential; POCP: Photochemical Ozone Creation Potential; ODP: Ozone Depletion Potential; ADPf: Abiotic Depletion Potential (fossil) Tables show environmental impacts for the considered products according to CML methodology ( Apr2013, version 4.2). 6

9 Table 7: Granirapid grey other environmental indicators RPEE MJ 9,12E-01 5,00E-03 RPEM MJ - - TPE MJ 9,12E-01 5,00E-03 NRPE MJ 1,65E+01 8,83E-02 NRPM MJ - - TRPE MJ 1,65E+01 8,83E-02 SM kg - - RSF MJ - - NRSF MJ - - W m 3 2,99E-03 1,42E-04 RPEE Renewable primary energy as energy carrier; RPEM Renewable primary energy as material utilisation; TPE Total use of renewable primary energy sources; NRPE Non-renewable primary energy as energy carrier; NRPM Non-renewable primary energy as material utilization; TRPE Total use of non-renewable primary energy sources; SM Use of secondary materials; RSF Renewable secondary fuels; NRSF Non-renewable secondary fuels; W Net use of fresh water Table 8: Granirapid grey waste production & other output flows NHW kg 2,65E-03 - HW kg 0,00E+00 - RW kg 0,00E+00 - Components for re-use kg - - Materials for recycling kg - - Materials for energy recovery kg - - Exported energy MJ - - HW Hazardous waste disposed; NHW Non Hazardous waste disposed; RW Radioactive waste disposed Granirapid Elastorapid Kerabond + Isolastic 7

10 Granirapid (white) Table 9: Granirapid white Environmental categories GWP 100 kg CO 2 eq. 8,99E-01 6,47E-03 ADP e (element) kg Sb eq. 3,19E-03 4,25E-10 EP kg (PO 4 ) 3- eq. 3,59E-04 9,31E-06 AP kg SO 2 eq. 5,19E-03 3,75E-05 POCP kg ethylene eq. 4,64E-04-1,50E-05 ODP kg R-11 eq. 1,09E-07 2,94E-14 ADP f (fossil) MJ 1,53E+01 8,81E-02 GWP100: Global Warming Potential; ADPe: Abiotic Depletion Potential (elements); EP: Eutrophication Potential; AP: Acidification Potential; POCP: Photochemical Ozone Creation Potential; ODP: Ozone Depletion Potential; ADPf: Abiotic Depletion Potential (fossil) 8

11 Table 10: Granirapid white other environmental indicators RPEE MJ 4,39E00 5,00E-03 RPEM MJ - - TPE MJ 4,39E00 5,00E-03 NRPE MJ 1,60E+01 8,84E-02 NRPM MJ - - TRPE MJ 1,60E+01 8,84E-02 SM kg - - RSF MJ - - NRSF MJ - - W m 3 3,36E-03 1,42E-04 RPEE Renewable primary energy as energy carrier; RPEM Renewable primary energy as material utilisation; TPE Total use of renewable primary energy sources; NRPE Non-renewable primary energy as energy carrier; NRPM Non-renewable primary energy as material utilization; TRPE Total use of non-renewable primary energy sources; SM Use of secondary materials; RSF Renewable secondary fuels; NRSF Non-renewable secondary fuels; W Net use of fresh water Table 11: Granirapid white waste production & other output flows NHW kg 2,50E-03 - HW kg 0,00E+00 - RW kg 0,00E+00 - Components for re-use kg - - Materials for recycling kg - - Materials for energy recovery kg - - Exported energy MJ - - HW Hazardous waste disposed; NHW Non Hazardous waste disposed; RW Radioactive waste disposed Granirapid Elastorapid Kerabond + Isolastic 9

12 Elastorapid (grey) Table 12: Elastorapid grey Environmental categories GWP 100 kg CO 2 eq. 7,19E-01 6,46E-03 ADP e (element) kg Sb eq. 2,57E-03 4,25E-10 EP kg (PO 4 ) 3- eq. 2,38E-04 9,28E-06 AP kg SO 2 eq. 3,69E-03 3,71E-05 POCP kg ethylene eq. 2,94E-04-1,51E-05 ODP kg R-11 eq. 9,08E-10 2,93E-14 ADP f (fossil) MJ 1,40E+01 8,78E-02 GWP100: Global Warming Potential; ADPe: Abiotic Depletion Potential (elements); EP: Eutrophication Potential; AP: Acidification Potential; POCP: Photochemical Ozone Creation Potential; ODP: Ozone Depletion Potential; ADPf: Abiotic Depletion Potential (fossil) 10

13 Table 13: Elastorapid grey other environmental indicators RPEE MJ 8,53E-01 5,00E-03 RPEM MJ - - TPE MJ 8,53E-01 5,00E-03 NRPE MJ 1,47E+01 8,83E-02 NRPM MJ - - TRPE MJ 1,47E+01 8,83E-02 SM kg - - RSF MJ - - NRSF MJ - - W m 3 2,17E-03 1,42E-04 RPEE Renewable primary energy as energy carrier; RPEM Renewable primary energy as material utilisation; TPE Total use of renewable primary energy sources; NRPE Non-renewable primary energy as energy carrier; NRPM Non-renewable primary energy as material utilization; TRPE Total use of non-renewable primary energy sources; SM Use of secondary materials; RSF Renewable secondary fuels; NRSF Non-renewable secondary fuels; W Net use of fresh water Table 14: Elastorapid grey waste production & other output flows NHW kg 2,74E-03 - HW kg 0,00E+00 - RW kg 0,00E+00 - Components for re-use kg - - Materials for recycling kg - - Materials for energy recovery kg - - Exported energy MJ - - HW Hazardous waste disposed; NHW Non Hazardous waste disposed; RW Radioactive waste disposed Granirapid Elastorapid Kerabond + Isolastic 11

14 Elastorapid (white) Table 15: Elastorapid white Environmental categories GWP 100 kg CO 2 eq. 8,60E-01 6,62E-03 ADP e (element) kg Sb eq. 2,54E-03 4,27E-10 EP kg (PO 4 ) 3- eq. 3,56E-04 9,86E-06 AP kg SO 2 eq. 5,54E-03 4,34E-05 POCP kg ethylene eq. 4,85E-04-1,45E-05 ODP kg R-11 eq. 1,23E-07 2,99E-14 ADP f (fossil) MJ 1,22E+01 8,99E-02 GWP100: Global Warming Potential; ADPe: Abiotic Depletion Potential (elements); EP: Eutrophication Potential; AP: Acidification Potential; POCP: Photochemical Ozone Creation Potential; ODP: Ozone Depletion Potential; ADPf: Abiotic Depletion Potential (fossil) 12

15 Table 16: Elastorapid white other environmental indicators RPEE MJ 4,77E+00 4,96E-03 RPEM MJ - - TPE MJ 4,77E+00 4,96E-03 NRPE MJ 1,29E+01 9,02E-02 NRPM MJ - - TRPE MJ 1,29E+01 9,02E-02 SM kg - - RSF MJ - - NRSF MJ - - W m 3 3,23E-03 1,41E-04 RPEE Renewable primary energy as energy carrier; RPEM Renewable primary energy as material utilisation; TPE Total use of renewable primary energy sources; NRPE Non-renewable primary energy as energy carrier; NRPM Non-renewable primary energy as material utilization; TRPE Total use of non-renewable primary energy sources; SM Use of secondary materials; RSF Renewable secondary fuels; NRSF Non-renewable secondary fuels; W Net use of fresh water Table 17: Elastorapid white waste production & other output flows NHW kg 1,86E-03 - HW kg 1,12E-04 - RW kg 0,00E+00 - Components for re-use kg - - Materials for recycling kg - - Materials for energy recovery kg - - Exported energy MJ - - HW Hazardous waste disposed; NHW Non Hazardous waste disposed; RW Radioactive waste disposed Granirapid Elastorapid Kerabond + Isolastic 13

16 Kerabond (grey) + 50% Isolastic Table 18: Kerabond grey + 50% Isolastic Environmental categories GWP 100 kg CO 2 eq. 7,00E-01 6,54E-03 ADP e (element) kg Sb eq. 2,18E-03 4,27E-10 EP kg (PO 4 ) 3- eq. 2,21E-04 9,54E-06 AP kg SO 2 eq. 2,04E-03 3,98E-05 POCP kg ethylene eq. 3,32E-04-1,49E-05 ODP kg R-11 eq. 1,61E-08 2,96E-14 ADP f (fossil) MJ 1,21E+01 8,90E-02 GWP100: Global Warming Potential; ADPe: Abiotic Depletion Potential (elements); EP: Eutrophication Potential; AP: Acidification Potential; POCP: Photochemical Ozone Creation Potential; ODP: Ozone Depletion Potential; ADPf: Abiotic Depletion Potential (fossil) 14

17 Table 19: Kerabond grey + 50% Isolastic other environmental indicators RPEE MJ 7,47E-01 5,00E-03 RPEM MJ - - TPE MJ 7,47E-01 5,00E-03 NRPE MJ 1,26E+01 8,93E-02 NRPM MJ - - TRPE MJ 1,26E+01 8,93E-02 SM kg - - RSF MJ - - NRSF MJ - - W m 3 1,48E-03 1,42E-04 RPEE Renewable primary energy as energy carrier; RPEM Renewable primary energy as material utilisation; TPE Total use of renewable primary energy sources; NRPE Non-renewable primary energy as energy carrier; NRPM Non-renewable primary energy as material utilization; TRPE Total use of non-renewable primary energy sources; SM Use of secondary materials; RSF Renewable secondary fuels; NRSF Non-renewable secondary fuels; W Net use of fresh water Table 20: Kerabond grey + 50% Isolastic waste production & other output flows NHW kg 1,21E-03 - HW kg 2,24E-06 - RW kg 0,00E+00 - Components for re-use kg - - Materials for recycling kg - - Materials for energy recovery kg - - Exported energy MJ - - HW Hazardous waste disposed; NHW Non Hazardous waste disposed; RW Radioactive waste disposed Granirapid Elastorapid Kerabond + Isolastic 15

18 Kerabond (white) + 50% Isolastic Table 21: Kerabond white + 50% Isolastic Environmental categories GWP 100 kg CO 2 eq. 7,26E-01 6,54E-03 ADP e (element) kg Sb eq. 2,18E-03 4,27E-10 EP kg (PO 4 ) 3- eq. 3,14E-04 9,53E-06 AP kg SO 2 eq. 2,15E-03 3,97E-05 POCP kg ethylene eq. 1,96E-04-1,49E-05 ODP kg R-11 eq. 6,75E-09 2,96E-14 ADP f (fossil) MJ 1,10E+01 8,89E-02 GWP100: Global Warming Potential; ADPe: Abiotic Depletion Potential (elements); EP: Eutrophication Potential; AP: Acidification Potential; POCP: Photochemical Ozone Creation Potential; ODP: Ozone Depletion Potential; ADPf: Abiotic Depletion Potential (fossil) 16

19 Table 22: Kerabond white + 50% Isolastic other environmental indicators RPEE MJ 8,16E-01 5,00E-03 RPEM MJ - - TPE MJ 8,16E-01 5,00E-03 NRPE MJ 1,15E+01 8,92E-02 NRPM MJ - - TRPE MJ 1,15E+01 8,92E-02 SM kg - - RSF MJ - - NRSF MJ - - W m 3 1,33E-03 1,42E-04 RPEE Renewable primary energy as energy carrier; RPEM Renewable primary energy as material utilisation; TPE Total use of renewable primary energy sources; NRPE Non-renewable primary energy as energy carrier; NRPM Non-renewable primary energy as material utilization; TRPE Total use of non-renewable primary energy sources; SM Use of secondary materials; RSF Renewable secondary fuels; NRSF Non-renewable secondary fuels; W Net use of fresh water Table 23: Kerabond white + 50% Isolastic waste production & other output flows NHW kg 1,31E-03 - HW kg 3,36E-06 - RW kg 0,00E+00 - Components for re-use kg - - Materials for recycling kg - - Materials for energy recovery kg - - Exported energy MJ - - HW Hazardous waste disposed; NHW Non Hazardous waste disposed; RW Radioactive waste disposed Granirapid Elastorapid Kerabond + Isolastic 17

20 Kerabond (grey) + 100% Isolastic Table 24: Kerabond grey + 100% Isolastic Environmental categories GWP 100 kg CO 2 eq. 9,02E-01 6,54E-03 ADP e (element) kg Sb eq. 4,36E-03 4,27E-10 EP kg (PO 4 ) 3- eq. 2,79E-04 9,54E-06 AP kg SO 2 eq. 3,04E-03 3,98E-05 POCP kg ethylene eq. 4,18E-04-1,49E-05 ODP kg R-11 eq. 1,61E-08 2,96E-14 ADP f (fossil) MJ 1,71E+01 8,90E-02 GWP100: Global Warming Potential; ADPe: Abiotic Depletion Potential (elements); EP: Eutrophication Potential; AP: Acidification Potential; POCP: Photochemical Ozone Creation Potential; ODP: Ozone Depletion Potential; ADPf: Abiotic Depletion Potential (fossil) 18

21 Table 25: Kerabond grey + 100% Isolastic other environmental indicators RPEE MJ 8,04E-01 5,00E-03 RPEM MJ - - TPE MJ 8,04E-01 5,00E-03 NRPE MJ 1,76E+01 8,93E-02 NRPM MJ - - TRPE MJ 1,76E+01 8,93E -02 SM kg - - RSF MJ - - NRSF MJ - - W m 3 1,64E-03 1,42E-04 RPEE Renewable primary energy as energy carrier; RPEM Renewable primary energy as material utilisation; TPE Total use of renewable primary energy sources; NRPE Non-renewable primary energy as energy carrier; NRPM Non-renewable primary energy as material utilization; TRPE Total use of non-renewable primary energy sources; SM Use of secondary materials; RSF Renewable secondary fuels; NRSF Non-renewable secondary fuels; W Net use of fresh water Table 26: Kerabond grey + 100% Isolastic waste production & other output flows NHW kg 1,21E-03 - HW kg 2,24E-06 - RW kg 0,00E+00 - Components for re-use kg - - Materials for recycling kg - - Materials for energy recovery kg - - Exported energy MJ - - HW Hazardous waste disposed; NHW Non Hazardous waste disposed; RW Radioactive waste disposed Granirapid Elastorapid Kerabond + Isolastic 19

22 Kerabond (white) + 100% Isolastic Table 27: Kerabond white + 100% Isolastic Environmental categories GWP 100 kg CO 2 eq. 9,29E-01 6,54E-03 ADP e (element) kg Sb eq. 4,36E-03 4,27E-10 EP kg (PO 4 ) 3- eq. 3,72E-04 9,53E-06 AP kg SO 2 eq. 3,15E-03 3,97E-05 POCP kg ethylene eq. 2,82E-04-1,49E-05 ODP kg R-11 eq. 6,75E-09 2,96E-14 ADP f (fossil) MJ 1,59E+01 8,89E-02 GWP100: Global Warming Potential; ADPe: Abiotic Depletion Potential (elements); EP: Eutrophication Potential; AP: Acidification Potential; POCP: Photochemical Ozone Creation Potential; ODP: Ozone Depletion Potential; ADPf: Abiotic Depletion Potential (fossil) 20

23 Table 28: Kerabond white + 100% Isolastic other environmental indicators RPEE MJ 8,78E-01 5,00E-03 RPEM MJ - - TPE MJ 8,78E-01 5,00E-03 NRPE MJ 1,64E+01 8,92E-02 NRPM MJ - - TRPE MJ 1,64E+01 8,92E-02 SM kg - - RSF MJ - - NRSF MJ - - W m 3 1,43E-03 1,42E-04 RPEE Renewable primary energy as energy carrier; RPEM Renewable primary energy as material utilisation; TPE Total use of renewable primary energy sources; NRPE Non-renewable primary energy as energy carrier; NRPM Non-renewable primary energy as material utilization; TRPE Total use of non-renewable primary energy sources; SM Use of secondary materials; RSF Renewable secondary fuels; NRSF Non-renewable secondary fuels; W Net use of fresh water Table 29: Kerabond white + 100% Isolastic waste production & other output flows NHW kg 1,31E-03 - HW kg 3,36E-06 - RW kg 0,00E+00 - Components for re-use kg - - Materials for recycling kg - - Materials for energy recovery kg - - Exported energy MJ - - HW Hazardous waste disposed; NHW Non Hazardous waste disposed; RW Radioactive waste disposed Granirapid Elastorapid Kerabond + Isolastic 21

24 To calculate results for 1m 2, use following multiplicative coefficients for the environmental indicators considered: Table 30: Multiplicative coefficients for 1m 2 EI DU : Environmental Indicator for DU (Declared Unit) Elastorapid EI DU * 3.03 Granirapid EI DU * 3.03 Kerabond + 50% Isolastic EI DU * 4.51 Kerabond + 100% Isolastic EI DU * 4.51 Note: these coefficients are suitable for tiles with a normal-sized tiles (trowel No.5). Rif. TDS multiplicative coefficients Tables above show absolute results for every considered environmental impact category. They clearly indicate that module A1 gives the highest contribution for each of them, up to 99% of the total impact in the whole system boundary. In particular hydraulic binders and organic polymers, which are some of the main components in the formulations, carry a significant impact for all environmental categories. Latexes increase relative contributes of A1 modules, due to polymers emission factors Electricity consumption in the production process does not affect the considered environmental categories. Modules A2 and A4 (transport of raw materials and transport of finished product), POCP give a negative contribution, due to nitrogen dioxide and monoxide emission factors, as reported in CML v.4.2 methodology. Table 31: Environmental Impact as percentage (average of all products studied) 22

25 The following graph shows the contribution in percentage of all modules considered in the system boundary on the GWP 100, as average of the grey and the white versions of the three adhesives. For all of them, the raw materials (module A1) strongly affect the GWP 100, as well evident in the graphs. Table 32: Elastorapid contribution on GWP 100 Table 33: Granirapid contribution on GWP 100 Granirapid Elastorapid Kerabond + Isolastic 23

26 Table 34: Kerabond + 50% Isolastic contribution on GWP 100 Table 33: Kerabond + 100% Isolastic contribution on GWP 100 More details about electrical mix used in this EPD (Italian grid mix 2012), is shown below: Data source Amount Unit GaBi (v6) database 0,461 kg CO 2 -eqv/kwh This data represents the average country specific electricity supply for final consumers, including electricity own consumption, transmission/distribution losses and electricity imports from neighbouring countries. The national energy carrier mixes used for electricity production, the power plant efficiency data, shares on direct to combined heat and power generation (CHP), as well as transmission/distribution losses and own consumption are taken from official statistics (International Energy Agency) for the corresponding reference year. 24

27 8. DATA QUALITY Table 34: Data quality Dataset & Geographical reference Database (source) Temporary reference A1-A3 Grey Portland Cement (IT) EPD n S-P White Portland Cement (TR) EPD-CIS CAA Aluminous Cement grey (DE) GaBi Database 2012 Aluminous Cement white (FR) EcoProfile Kerneos 2014 Fillers (EU) GaBi Database 2015 Additives (EU) GaBi Database EPDLA Life Cycle Inventory of Polymer Dispersions (EU) EcoProfile EPDLA 2015 Electricity grid mix (IT) GaBi Database 2012 Electricity from photovoltaic (IT) GaBi Database 2012 A2-A4 (Transport) Truck transport (27ton payload GLO) GaBi Database 2012 Oceanic ship (27500 DWT) GaBi Database 2015 Light Train (Gross Ton Weight 500 Tons - GLO) GaBi Database 2015 Electricity mix (EU) GaBi Database 2012 Diesel for transport (EU) GaBi Database 2012 Heavy Fuel Oil (EU) GaBi Database 2012 Considered data refer to a period between 2012 and 2016; the most relevant ones are European or specific from supplier, while the others (i.e. transport and minor contribution dataset), come from European, global and German databases. All dataset are not more than 10 years old (according to EN Data quality requirements ). Primary data are collected during 2015 and representative for the entire annual production 9. REQUISITE EVIDENCE VOC emissions Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) special tests and evidence have been carried out on Granirapid, according to ISO parts 3, 6, 9 and 11 and CN/TS Granirapid has been evaluated in emission chambers, in order to detect its VOC emissions after 3 and 28 days storage in the ventilated chambers, according Granirapid Elastorapid Kerabond + Isolastic 25

28 to GEV (Gemeinschaft Emissionskontrollierte Verlegewerkstoffe, Klebstoffe und Bauprodukte e.v.) test method. Granirapid meets the requirements for the emission class Emicode EC1R PLUS, as very low VOC emission, released by GEV. Nex table describes the limits for the Emicode EC1 PLUS class: Table 35: EC1PLUS VOC limits 3 days µg/m 3 28 days µg/m 3 TVOC (C6-C16) 750 µg/m 3 60 µg/m 3 TSVOC (C16-C22) 40 µg/m 3 C1A-C1B substances Total 10 µg/m 3 Singol substance 1 µg/m 3 Formaldehyde/ acetaldehyde Sum of formaldehyde/ acetaldehyde 50 µg/m 3 50 ppb sum of non-assessable VOCs 40 R value VERIFICATION AND REGISTRATION EPD of construction products may not be comparable if they do not comply with EN Environmental product declarations within the same product category from different programs may not be comparable. CEN standard EN15804 served as the PCR PCR: PCR review was conducted by: Independent verification of the declaration and data, according to ISO Third party verifier: Accredited or approved by: PCR 2012:01 Construction products and Construction services, Version 2.01, The Technical Committee of the International EPD System. Chair: Massimo Marino Contact via info@environdec.com EPD Process Certification (Internal) EPD Verification (external) Certiquality S.r.l. Number of accreditation: 003H rev14 Accredia 26

29 11. REFERENCES General Programme Instructions of the International EPD System. Version 2.5. PCR 2012:01; PRODUCT GROUP CLASSIFICATION: MULTIPLE UN CPC CODES CONSTRUCTION PRODUCTS AND CONSTRUCTION SERVICES ; Version 2.01 EN Adhesives for tiles. Requirements, evaluation of conformity, classification and designation ISO Ceramic tiles - Grouts and adhesives - Part 1: Terms, definitions and specifications for adhesives: definitions and characteristics CONTACT INFORMATION CEN standard EN15804 served as the PCR EPD owner: Mapei SpA LCA author: Programme operator: Mapei SpA Environmental Sustainability Office EPD International AB info@environdec.com Granirapid Elastorapid Kerabond + Isolastic 27

30 (GB) 9/16 SEDE MAPEI SpA Via Cafiero, Milano Tel Fax Internet: /mapeispa 28