Energy Efficiency and Conservation Division Agency for Natural resources and Energy Kan Nakamura

Transcription

1 The Top Runner Program for building insulation materials 13 Dec 2013 Energy Efficiency and Conservation Division Agency for Natural resources and Energy Kan Nakamura Ministry of Economy Trade and Industry Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry Agency for Natural Resources and Energy Energy Conservation and Renewable Energy Department

2 Table of Contents 1.Overview of the Top Runner Program (Example of Top Runner Program for Energy Consumption Devices) 2.Background of introduction of the Top Runner Program for building insulation materials 3.Target of Top Runner Program for building insulation materials 4.Overview of the Top Runner Program for insulating material (draft)

3 1.Overview of the Top Runner Program (Example of Top Runner Program for Energy Consumption Devices) 2.Background of introduction of the Top Runner Program for building insulation materials 3.Target of Top Runner Program for building insulation materials 4.Overview of the Top Runner Program for insulating material (draft)

4 Overview of the Top Runner Program Top Runner Program is the regulatory program, which h encourages competition among companies with the target year set at over the next 3 to 10 years based on the most energy-efficient product on the market. Energy conservation standards based on the Top Runner Program was introduced for motor vehicles, household appliances, etc., under the 1998 amendment of the Act concerning the Rational Use of Energy. As of Dec 2013, 28 product categories are being regulated. < Requirements of the target device > Devices and appliances specified for regulation under the Top Runner Program are those that consume energy and at the same time satisfy the following 3 requirements. (a) Devices and appliances that are used in large volume in Japan. (b) Devices and appliances that consume a significant amount of energy when in use (c) The presence of special need to improve efficiency in energy consumption by the device or appliance (device/appliance that has allowance for better energy efficiency) 1. Passenger cars 2. Freight vehicles 3. Air conditioning units/systems 4. Television sets 5. Videotape recorders 6. Lighting equipment 7. Copiers 8. Computers 9. Magnetic disc devices Specified products(devices/appliances) (26) 10. Electric refrigerators 11. Electric freezers 12. Heating stoves 13. Gas cooking appliances 14. Gas water heaters 15. Oil water heaters 16. Electric toilet seats 17. Vending machines 18. Transformers 19. Electric rice cookers 20. Microwave ovens 21. DVD recorders 22. Routers 23. Switching devices 24. Multifunction Devices 25. Printers 26. Heat Pump Water Heater 27. AC motors 28. LED lumps 3

5 Overview of the Top Runner Program The Act concerning the Rational Use of Energy requires manufacturers who have failed to reach the performance levels under the standards by the target year to report on the reason for failure and future action to be implemented to improve efficiency. If energy efficiency improvement is found to be inadequate even after such action, a warning is issued by the Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry. If the manufacturer in question fails to comply with the warning, measures such as public disclosure of the manufacturer in question and ministerial i i orders are implemented. Furthermore, if the manufacturer in question fails to comply with the orders, it is penalized with a fine of under 1 million. The Act requires all manufacturers to make improvements in energy efficiency in order to reach the levels required by the standards by the target year. However, the need for resources and technological capabilities to achieve energy-efficient performance has led to the establishment of requirements based on annual production output or import volume (restricted to domestic shipment only). Manufacturers that do not satisfy this requirement do not receive warnings, etc. Requirements (production output or import volume) for manufacturers in issue of warnings/ministerial orders Passenger cars: 2000 units (350 units for vehicles with seating capacity of over 11) Freight vehicles: 2000 units Air conditioning units/systems: 500 units Lighting equipment:30,000 units Television sets: 10,000 units Copiers: 500 units Computers: 200 units Magnetic disc devices: 5000 units Videotape recorders: 5000 units Electric refrigerators: 2000 units Electric freezers: 300 units Heating stoves: 300 units Gas cooking appliances: 5000 units Gas water heaters: 3000 units Oil water heaters: 600 units Electric toilet seats: 2000 units Vending machines: 300 units Transformers: 100 units Electric rice cookers: 6000 units Microwave ovens: 3000 units DVD recorders: 4000 units Routers: 2500 units Switching devices: 1500 units Multifunction Devices : 500 units Printers: 700 units Heat Pump Water Heaters: 500 units AC motors: 1500 units LED lumps: 25,000 units 4

6 Approach on the Top Runner Standards ( Case of setting the 2010 standards for vehicles) Based on the best fuel efficiency performance of vehicles in 1997, the target standard values of fuel efficiency in fiscal year 2010 had been established, taking the fuel efficiency improvement prospects by that year into account. We had expected fuel efficiency improvements of 24.0%(12.9km/L 16.0km/L) for medium class gasoline passenger vehicles in fiscal year 2010, and it actually attained 54.3%(12.9km/L 19.9km/L). Fuel efficiency by category Set the 2010fy target standard Achievement of the regulation Current maximum (15.8km/L) the target standard (16.0km/L) Current maximum (15.8km/L) To improve energy efficiency, setting the target beyond the current maximum level. 2010fy actual fuel efficiency (19.9km/L) 2010fy target fuel efficiency (16.0km/L) (all car average) 1997fy actual fuel efficiency i (12.9 km/l) (578~702kg) ~ (1,016~1,265kg) ~ (2,266~2,515kg) (1,016~1,265kg) Vehicle weight category Vehicle weight category (1,016~1,265kg) (Light class) (Medium class) (Heavy class) (Medium class) Vehicle weight category (Medium class) 5

7 Overview of the Top Runner Program Manufacturers, etc., must calculate the energy efficiency rate and the weighted average for the shipment volume for products on the target year specified for each device or appliance and exceed the target value specified for each product criterion. Conceptual image Criterion (3) Good Ener rgy efficiency rate Poor Criterion (1) Target value (standard) Criterion (2) Target value (standard) Target value (standard) Even if products that fall short of the target are shipped, energy efficiency rate is to be based on the weighted average of the shipment volume for all of the products in the same criterion. Therefore, such shipment is accepted so long as the calculated figure exceeds the target value. Energy efficiency rate for each product 6

8 20 Example of efficiency improvement by Top Runner Program By the Top Runner Program, fuel efficiency performance of gasoline-engine engine passenger vehicle has improved approx 48.8% ( fy), and that of air conditioner has improved approx 30% ( fy). Fuel efficiency (km/l) Passenger vehicles Air conditioners Changes of fuel efficiency for new gasoline engine passenger vehicles (on average) aprx. 48.8% improved Energy consumption (kwh) Changes of energy consumption (per year) for new air conditioner (on average) aprx. 30% improved FY 600 FY Fuel efficiency values based on mode Source :Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism Cooling capacity: 2.8kW calculated in accordance with JIS C 9612:2005 Source:catalogues of manufactures 7 7

9 State of efficiency improvement by the Top Runner Program Product name Improvement in energy efficiency (performance Breakdown data) Air conditioning units (room air conditioners)* 29.9%(FY (industry fiscal year)) Energy consumption(1241kwh 870kWh) Electric refrigerators 55.2%(FY ) Annual power consumption (647.3kWh/year 290.3kWh/year) Electric freezers 29.6%(FY ) ( ) Annual power consumption (523.8kWh/year 369.7kWh/year) Gasoline-engine passenger cars* 48.8%(FY ) Fuel efficiency (12.3km/l 18.3km/l) Diesel-engine freight vehicles* 21.7%(FY ) Fuel efficiency (13.8km/l 16.8km/l) Vending machines 37.3%(FY ) 2005) Annual power consumption (2617kWh/year 1642kWh/year) Fluorescent lighting* 35.7%(FY ) Lumen/watt (63.1lm/W 85.6lm/W) Computers 99.1%(FY ) Watt/mega calculation ( ) Magnetic disc devices 98.2%(FY ) Watt/gigabyte ( ) Copiers 72.5%(FY ) Electric power consumption (155Wh 42.7Wh) Electric toilet seats 14.6%(FY ) Annual power consumption (281kWh/year 240kWh/year) Gas water heaters (gas boilers & gas bath water heaters) 5.5%(FY ) Thermal efficiency (77.7% 82.0%) Gas cooking appliances (cooktop burners) 15.7%(FY ) Thermal efficiency (48.3% 55.9%) Gas heaters 1.9%(FY ) Thermal efficiency (80.9% 82.4%) Oil heaters 5.4%(FY ) Thermal efficiency (78.5% 82.7%) Television sets (LCD & plasma TV) 29.6%(FY ) Annual power consumption (179.7kWh/year 7kWh/year 126.5kWh/year) DVD recorders (noncompliant with terrestrial digital broadcasting) 40.9%(FY ) Annual power consumption (66.0kWh/year 39.0kWh/year) Microwave ovens 10.5%(FY ) Annual power consumption (77.2kWh/year 69.1kWh/year) Electric rice cookers 16.7%(FY ) 2008) Annual power consumption (119.2kWh/year 99.3kWh/year) ) Appliances marked with asterisks (*) have energy efficiency standard based on per-unit energy efficiency rate (e.g., km/l). Those without have standards based on energy consumption levels (e.g., kwh/year). "Improvement in energy efficiency" above shows the improvement rate based on their respective standards (e.g., improvement from 10 km/liter to 15 km/liter means 50% improvement; it is not based on the approach in assessing fuel efficiency in the form of gas consumption when driving 100 km improving from 10 liters to 7 liters, or 33% improvement). Improvement from 10 kwh/year to 5 kwh/year translates to 50% improvement. 8

10 Development process of Top Runner Program Top Runner Program proceeds by the following steps: (1) Firstly, determination in overview of equipment covered by the Top Runner Program (2) Secondly, determination of specific scopes of the coverage (specified products) under the Top Runner Program (3) Lastly, consideration of categories for each target standards Examples of development of Top Runner Program Selection of equipment covered by Top Runner Program Passenger vehicles Televisions Determination of Top Runner scope (specified products) Passenger vehicles carrying up to 10 passengers powered by gasoline, diesel, or LPG Passenger vehicles weighing up to 3.5 t for 11 or more passengers and powered by gasoline or diesel Passenger vehicles weighing over 3.5 t for 11 or more passengers and powered by diesel CRT TVs using AC circuits LCD TVs using AC circuits Plasma TVs using AC circuits * Products for industrial uses, etc. excluded from each category Determination of categories for setting target standards Indicators established in 36 categories, including: Used fuel Passenger capacity Vehicle weight Indicators established in 84 categories, including: By type (CRT/LCD/plasma) Screen size Video display speed (x2, x4, etc.) Additional functions (double tuner, etc.) 9

11 1.Overview of the Top Runner Program (Example of Top Runner Program for Energy Consumption Devices) 2.Background of introduction of the Top Runner Program for building insulation materials 3.Target of Top Runner Program for building insulation materials 4. Overview of the Top Runner Program for insulating material (draft)

12 Background of introduction of the Top Runner Program for building insulation materials The final energy consumption of Japan has basically consistently increased, except for periods immediately following the two oil crises and the recent economic downturn. Until 2012 the GDP continued increasing to about 2.4 times the 1973 level and the consumption of energy for individual sectors significantly increased with the Consumer sector increasing to about 2.4 times, while the transportation sector increased to about 1.8 times, whereas the industrial sector decreased to about 0.9 times. The improvement of insulation capacity of the building materials would contribute to the energy efficiencies of houses and/or buildings. (millions kl of crude oil equivalent) 16.4% 9.2% 8.9% 65.5% Real GDP (JPY trillion) 24-times 2.4 Transportation sector 23.3% Commercial sector Residential sector 19.3% 14.2% Industry sector 43.3% Consumer Final energy consumption times Transportation Com mmercial Reside ential time tims tims tims Sources: Comprehensive Energy Statistics and Annual Report on National Accounts values are preliminary. industry tims 1

13 Amendment of Energy Conservation Act to Assist Introduction of the Top Runner Program for building insulation materials Amendments to the Act on the Rational use of energy which introduces new Top Runner Program for building insulation materials and to reduce peak load passed the Diet in 31 May the date of entry into force of these amendments should not exceed 15 months from the promulgation New Top Runner Program for building insulation materials Top Runner Program for building insulation materials (1)Top Runner Program has covered only equipment which consume energy. The new act added building materials which contribute to prevention of heat loss of houses and/or buildings to the Top Runner Program. Measures to reduce peak load Demand-side measures (1)The new act will accept some disadvantage of energy efficiency for industrial user in case that the user reduces the electric demand in peak hours by using energy management system such as HEMS and BEMS, and private power generator, etc., in addition to the conventional energy-saving measures. 12

14 1. Overview of the Top Runner Program (Example of Top Runner Program for Energy Consumption Devices) 2.Background of introduction of the Top Runner Program for building insulation materials 3.Target of Top Runner Program for building insulation materials 4. Overview of the Top Runner Program for insulating material (draft)

15 Target of Top Runner Program for building insulation materials Article 81-2 of the amended Energy Conservation Act defines building materials that prevent heat loss as building materials that are used to prevent loss of heat through envelope, windows, etc. of buildings. Building materials used in envelope, windows, etc. are therefore anticipated to be covered by the program. In houses meeting the 1999 energy conservation standards in four regions (e.g. Tokyo, Osaka), heat loss breaks down as follows: 20%, 7%, and 4% from walls, floors, and ceilings (i.e., where insulation materials are used) respectively, and around 50% from openings (i.e., where windows are used). (The remaining 19% of heat loss is due to ventilation.) Avenues of heat loss from the house Heat loss 4% 20% 50% Heat loss 7% 14

16 Materials Covered by The New Top Runner Program The Working Group on Criteria for Building Materials ( Building Material WG ) concluded at its first session on October 1, 2013, that insulation used in envelope and glass and frames used in windows should be covered by the new Top Runner Program. Details of coverage of insulation under the Building Material Top Runner Program were deliberated in line with this conclusion. Details of coverage of glass and frames used in windows under the new Top Runner Program are now under consideration. Insulation High-performance glass wool Ordinary yglass wool (fine fibers) Avg. fiber diameter: 7-8 µm Market share: approx. 3% Approx. 40% better insulating performance than ordinary glass wool Avg. fiber diameter: 4-5 µm Thermal resistance: 2.0 (m 2 K/W) Thermal resistance: 27(m K/W) Windows Aluminum sash + single-pane glazing Al-plastic composite sash Plastic sash + low-e + low-e multilayer glazingg multilayer glazingg Outside Outside Market share: approx. 3% to under 10% Approx. 100% better insulating performance than aluminum single-pane windows Aluminum (rail) Insulating plastic Plastic (rail) Plastic (frame) Plastic (rail) Plastic (frame) Aluminum (frame) Inside Inside 15

17 1. Overview of the Top Runner Program (Example of Top Runner Program for Energy Consumption Devices) 2.Background of introduction of the Top Runner Program for building insulation materials 3.Target of Top Runner Program for building insulation materials 4.Overview of the Top Runner Program for insulating material (draft)

18 Insulation Covered by the new Top Runner Program ( Specified Building Materials That Prevent Heat Loss ) The following categories of materials will be excluded from the scope of building materials covered by the Top Runner Program ( specified building materials that prevent heat loss ): (1) Building materials used for special applications (2) Building materials for which no technical measuring or assessment methods have been established (3) Building materials whose share of use on the market is exceedingly small Based on the above, it was decided at the Building Material WG s session that the following three types of building material should be covered: extruded polystyrene (XPS) foam, glass wool, and rock wool. * Blow-in insulation, glass wool with a density of at least 24 kg/m 3, and vacuum insulation are excluded. market share in square metre Fiber insulation (mainly used in walls and ceilings of houses) Glass wool Rock wool Cellulose fiber 48% 9% 1% Extruded polystyrene foam Plastic foam insulation (mainly used in house floors and buildings) Rigid Highly Beaded urethane foamed polyethylene foam polyethylene foam Phenolic foam 19% 12% 4% 5% 2% Number of manufacturers (365,373,000 m 2 of insulation was shipped for residential use in 2010.) 17

19 Determination of Target Standards for Insulation Materials The target standard for rock wool insulation equals the top runner value for current products plus forecast improvement in performance by the target year. The target standards for XPS foam insulation and glass wool insulation are determined as follows premised on the existence of two markets (low end and high end): (1) Identification of top runner values for, respectively, low-end products and high-end products in last year for which data were acquired (2) Assumption that trends in low-end product and high-end product market shares during the data acquisition period continue until target year (3) Target standard is the expected value obtained by adding the forecast future rate of technological improvement to (1) and multiplying the result by market share in target year in (2) Target Standards for Insulation materials Classification Top runner Top runner value after Market share Cass cato value [W/(m K)] improvement [W/(m K)] in 2012 Estimated market share in target year Target Standards [W/(m K)] Glass wool Low-end % 31.41% insulating products (0.5% improvement) material High-end % 68.59% products (0.5% improvement) Rock wool insulating (0.5% improvement) material Extruded Low-end % 41.80% polystyrene products (2.5% improvement) foam insulating material High-end products (1.7% improvement) 51.88% 58.20% 18

20 Details of Insulation Top Runner Program (XPS) XPS foam insulation is used mainly as external wall insulation ( outside thermal insulation ) in reinforced concrete buildings and in floors, etc. It is made by melting and mixing together styrene resin, foaming agent, flame retardant, etc. in an extruder and continuously extruding the product in air to produce a foam that is molded and then cut into boards. Manufacturers, etc. that account for at least 0.1% of production and imports of insulation material are subject to recommendations and orders on improving heat loss prevention. All manufacturers, etc. are subject to labeling requirements. Extruded polystyrene foam insulation Scope Performance indicator Measurement method XPS foam heat insulating material specified in JIS A 9511: 2009 ( preformed cellular plastics thermal insulation materials ) Thermal conductivity λ [W/(m K)] Thermal conductivity λ [W/(m K)] found by the measuring method specified in JIS A 9511:2009 Target year FY 2022 Target standard [W/(m K)] (percentage performance improvement since 2012FY: 6.19%) (Revised measurement methods will have to be considered if JIS 9511/9521 are amended in the future.) 19

21 Details of Insulation Top Runner Program (Glass Wool) Glass wool insulation is used mainly as interior i insulation ( filling-up thermal insulation ) in the ceilings, walls, etc. of wooden and steel-framed buildings. The raw material is melted at high temperature (1,400ºC) and spun through perforations in a spinner by centrifugal force to produce fibers. A binding agent is added to form the fibers into flossy masses. It differs from rock wool in that t it is made from recycled glass, etc., which h is melted at a different temperature. t Manufacturers, etc. that account for at least 0.1% of production and imports of insulation material are subject to recommendations and orders on improving heat loss prevention. All manufacturers, etc. are subject to labeling requirements. Glass wool insulation Scope Glass wool insulating material specified in JIS A 9521: 2011 ( manmade mineral wool thermal insulation materials for dwellings ) Excluding, however, blow-in insulation, glass wool with a density of at least 24 [kg/m 3 ], and vacuum insulation Performance Thermal conductivity λ [W/(m K)] indicator Measurement method Thermal conductivity λ [W/(m K)] found by thickness d [mm] obtained by the measuring method specified in JIS A 9521: 2011, and dividing it by thermal resistance R [m 2 K/W] Target year FY 2022 Target standard [W/(m K)] (percentage performance improvement since 2012FY: 6.04%) (Revised measurement methods will have to be considered if JIS 9511/9521 are amended in the future.) 20

22 Details of Insulation Top Runner Program (Rock Wool) Like glass wool insulation, rock wool is used mainly as interior i insulation ( filling-up thermal insulation ) in the ceilings, walls, etc. of wooden and steel-framed buildings. The raw material is melted at high temperature (1,600ºC) and spun through perforations in a spinner by centrifugal force to produce fibers. A binding agent is added to form the fibers into flossy masses. It differs from glass wool in that t it is made from blast furnace slag, etc., which h is melted at a different temperature. t Manufacturers, etc. that account for at least 0.1% of production and imports of insulation material are subject to recommendations and orders on improving heat loss prevention. All manufacturers, etc. are subject to labeling requirements. Rock wool insulation Scope Performance indicator Measurement method Rock wool insulating material specified in JIS A 9521: 2011 ( manmade mineral wool thermal insulation materials for dwellings ) Excluding, however, blow-in insulation Thermal conductivity λ [W/(m K)] Thermal conductivity λ [W/(m K)] found by obtaining thickness d [mm] obtained by the measuring method specified in JIS A 9521: 2011, and dividing it by thermal resistance R [m 2 K/W] Target year FY 2022 Target standard [W/(m K)] (percentage performance improvement since 2012FY: 0.50%) (Revised measurement methods will have to be considered if JIS 9511/9521 are amended in the future.) 21

23 Labeling of Insulation Material Under the Article 81-3 of the Act on the Rational Use of Energy, all manufacturers, processors and importers of specified building materials that prevent heat loss must show the heat insulation performance of the products. The labeling matters and observance are as follows: (Labeling matters) 1Product name or model name 2Classification (i.e. XPS, glass wool or rock wool) 3The value of insulation performance (i.e. thermal conductivity λ) 4Name of the manufacturers, etc. (Observance) 1Thermal conductivity λ shall be showed the two or more numeral digits of significant figures. 2The labeling matters shall be clearly shown on product itself and catalogues of manufactures, etc. In addition to the above, in the case of specified energy consumption devices, it is recommended for manufactures and retailers to show energy-saving label and unified energy-saving label based on JIS and public notice by the minister of Economy, Trade and Industry on their products. Example of Label for specified Energy Consumption Devices Model name (mandatory labeling IAW the Law) Power consumption Manufacturers Importers (Voluntary labeling) Retailers (Recommended labeling) volume Company Name (Energy-Saving Label) (Unified Energy-Saving Label) 22

24 Future Schedule Public comment has been invited it for Building Material WG s interim i report (in Japanese) and notification of this new scheme has been circulated as WTO TBT notification until 7 Dec(in Japanese and English). After those processes, cabinet order and public notice by the Minister of Economic, Trade and Industry will be amended to state the detailed scheme of the new Top Runner program for insulation materials. Detailed handling of integrated JIS which is to be developed and will state new measure method of insulation performance is to be considered in the future. 1st Building Material WG Deliberation of interim report Public comment WTO TBT notification Legislative amendment: promulgation/enforcement October November December January Planned future timeline (for reference) 23

25 Thank you Ministry of Economy Trade and Industry Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry Agency for Natural Resources and Energy Energy Conservation and Renewable Energy Department 24