ElectroChem, Inc. Vision

Transcription

1 ElectroChem, Inc. Vision ElectroChem, Inc. envisions a future where a sustainable global economy resides in harmony with a clean, healthful environment

2 A Brief History 1986 ElectroChem is founded 1992 Dr. Radha Jalan becomes President and CEO of ElectroChem 1992 First to develop and sell a portable fuel cell system 1993 First to develop computerized test equipment 1995 First fuel cell company to be online : First to develop a 5 independent cell test station 2005 Received Massachusetts High Tech All Star Energy Award 2006 Developed Non-flow-through IFF Fuel Cell for Space and Underwater power plant 2012 Patented IFF (Integrated Flow Field) cell design

3 Area Of Expertise Commercial Sales Engineering and Design PEM FUEL CELLS Research and Development Fuel Cell Power Systems

4 ElectroChem Global Customers More than 600 customers in 5 Continents

5 ElectroChem Customers In Contract R&D

6 ElectroChem Innovations Title of Invention Patent Number Issue Date Continuous Sulfur Removal Process 5,306,476 Apr 26, 1994 Hydrogen/Fluorine Power Generating System 5,607,784 Mar 4, 1997 Air-Cooled, Hydrogen-Air Fuel Cell 5,972,530 Oct 26, 1999 Integrated Flow Field (IFF) Structure for Use in Electrochemical Cells 8,313,870 Nov 20, 2012

7 What is IFF Unique Integrated Flow Field design Solves water management issue electrode flooding or membrane drying out Low pressure drop High fuel efficiency (100% fuel utilization) Orientation Independent Zero-g Simplify balance of plant components Maximize system energy efficiency

8 Unique Integrated Flow Field (IFF) Conventional fuel cell IFF fuel cell MEA MEA Conventional ElectroChem Structured flow channel Water is carried away by excess reactant gas flow Open-ended operation Porous flow channel Water is carried away by wicking effect Open and Dead-ended operation

9 Product Water in PEM Fuel Cell Water is the byproduct of the electrochemical reaction in a PEM fuel cell, where it is produced over the active area of the electrode. The way it accumulates within the gas diffusion layer (GDL) and flow field channels, strongly affects the performance.

10 Water Management in IFF Flow field structure is made of hydrophobic, and hydrophilic material Simultaneous control of Reactant Gas, Product Water, and Vapor flow through separate channels IFF prevents reactant gas blocked by water eliminating water flooding IFF keeps the moisture eliminating drying out of proton conductive membrane

11 IFF Designed for Low Pressure Drop Low pressure drop in fuel cell stack reduces parasitic power and increases efficiency

12 Low Excess Gas Usage Low excess gas maximizing oxygen utilization rate O 2 excess, sccm O 2 utilization at 400mA/cm 2 * 77.8% 87.5% 93.3% 97.2% 98.6% * At 400 ma/cm 2 condition, a 50 cm 2 fuel cell requires equal to 70 sccm of oxygen.

13 IFF Designed for High Reactant Utilization IFF removes water by wicking effect and not by excess gas flow. It uses low excess gas and give high utilization rate.

14 Orientation Independent 0 o 90 o 180 o 270 o H 2 O 2 electrode O 2 O 2 electrode

15 Cell voltage, V Cell voltage, V ElectroChem, Inc. Orientation Independent 0 o Oritentation ma/cm ma/cm ma/cm 2 50 ma/cm ma/cm ma/cm ma/cm Time, min 270 o Orientation ma/cm ma/cm 2 50 ma/cm ma/cm ma/cm ma/cm Time, min Effective water management at all the orientations Provides system design flexibility

16 Application of IFF H2/Air fuel cell H2/O2 fuel cell Electrolyzer DMFC

17 Net Power, Watt IFF in H 2 /Air Fuel Cell ElectroChem, Inc Net Power vs Current Density with Low and High Air Stoic Flow Ratio 20 psig, 75C H 2 Stoic = 1.1 Air Stoic = 1.5 vs Current Density, A/cm2 Air Stoic flow ration = 2 Air Stoic flow ration = 1.5 IFF eliminates the reactant gas mass transport limitation - enhances performance and design flexibility

18 Net Power, Watt IFF in H 2 /Air Fuel Cell ElectroChem, Inc. Net Power vs Current Density with Low and High Relative Humidity psig, 75C H 2 Stoic = 1.1 Air Stoic = % Relative Humidity 40% Relative Humidity Current density, A/cm2 IFF provides internal Self-humidification capability - enhances efficiency and reduces extra energy needs

19 Cell voltage, V ElectroChem, Inc. IFF in Non-Flow-Through H 2 /O 2 Operation 1 At 400 ma/cm 2 NFT operation C6 C5 C4 C3 C2 C1 0 0:00 1:00 2:00 3:00 4:00 5:00 6:00 7:00 8:00 9:00 Time, h:min EC-IFF50 Non-flow-through H2/O2 30 psig, 75C 400 ma/cm 2 Non-flow-through meaning closed operation of reactant gases Stable cell voltage indicating no water flooding during fuel cell operation

20 Cell temperature, C Cell voltage, V ElectroChem, Inc. IFF in Non-Flow-Through H 2 /O 2 Operation At 1,000 ma/cm 2 NFT operation EC-IFF50 Non-flow-through H2/O2 30 psig, 75C 1,000 ma/cm 2 Higher current density generated more product water C6 C5 C4 C3 C2 C1 0 0:00 0:30 1:00 1:30 2:00 2:30 3: Time, h:min T5 T4 T3 T2 T1 0 0:00 0:30 1:00 1:30 2:00 2:30 3:00 IFF passively removed product water > 0.33 g/hr-cm 2

21 IFF Simplifies Fuel Cell BOP IFF provides unique solution for water management issue in fuel cells and simplifies the balance of plant design

22 IFF Design for Water Electrolyzer No Water Circulation Pump Needed No Phase Separator Operation is Independent of Water level

23 High Efficiency IFF Electrolyzer with Passive-water-feed Passive static water feed operation No pumps

24 IFF benefits static-feed DMFC Effective fuel distribution Stabilize power output at low methanol concentration Effective management of liquid fuel and CO 2 gas product

25 IFF Reduces Methanol Crossover Reduced methanol crossover Enhanced Fuel utilization

26 Testing Set-up at NASA Operated only by pressure regulation

27 200 cm 2 IFF Stack Testing at NASA Non-flow-through operation using NASA s Load Profile Testing Dynamic response following step-load - less than 1 second 3:1 peak power ratio No reactant gas re-circulation Ideal for closed environment where gas circulation would be dangerous

28 IFF Simplifies BOP of RFC Conventional Fuel Cell and Electrolyzer Novel IFF Fuel Cell and Electrolyzer Coupling IFF fuel cell and Electrolyzer provides highest efficiency Regenerative Fuel Cell (RFC)

29 ECcell TM Energy Storage System ECcell is a Regenerative Fuel Cell (RFC) system ECcell is Modular Design Adaptable for Various Applications Vary Fuel Cell Size to Desired Power Level Vary Electrolyzer Size for Different Regeneration Times Vary Gas Storage Sizes for Different Run-Times ECcell Provides its Own Hydrogen Fuel by Electrolyzing Water

30 HHR - Home Hydrogen Refueler System

31 Conclusions The IFF has demonstrated operation in ideal one stoichiometric ratio with 100% gas utilization (Nonflow-through operation) Higher efficiency in the operation of PEM fuel cell is achieved through an advanced passive way to remove product water. In the IFF stack, reactant gas is effectively distributed to the electrode and product water is transferred separately without blocking the gas flow. The IFF fuel cell serves as gas humidifier through the creation of simultaneous distribution of gas and water within the cell.

32 Conclusions IFF makes it possible to run electrolyzer in static feed mode with high efficiency. IFF is a breakthrough technology with high energy efficiency and low cost

33 Thank You Radha Jalan, Ph.D. President and CEO ElectroChem, Inc. 400 West Cummings Park Woburn, MA Phone: Fax: Website: