CMS SCI EEN 2.7.1, 2.7.2, 2.7.3, 2.8.2, 2.8.3, Page 1/25

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1 Student Class Date 1 Look at the list of changes to an ocean ecosystem 1 extinction of some species of fish 2 loss of food supply for predator species 3 loss of all species in the ecosystem 4 weakening of the sustainability of the ecosystem Which of these are the most likely results of overfishing in ocean ecosystems? A 1 only B 1 and 2 only C 1, 2, 3, and 4 D 1, 2, and 4 only 2 Corn is widely being used in the United States to make ethanol for use in automobile fuel How might the overproduction of corn negatively affect the environment? A decreasing soil fertility B decreasing oil transportation CMS SCI EEN 271, 272, 273, 282, 283, 284 Page 1/25

2 C increasing the greenhouse effect D increasing carbon dioxide emissions 3 Since the 1900s, the human population has increased in Florida As a result, much of the fresh water that had previously made its way to the Everglades has been diverted for human use Which would be the most likely effect of decreased flows of fresh water on the ecology of the Everglades? A an increase in the amount of erosion in the Everglades B a decrease in the amount of salt water in the Everglades CMS SCI EEN 271, 272, 273, 282, 283, 284 Page 2/25

3 C a decrease in the populations of native plants and animals D an increase in the reproductive rates of native plants and animals 4 Nitrogen is a nutrient needed by plants for growth Nitrogen is naturally cycled into the soil where it is rapidly absorbed by plants What would a farmer most likely do to replenish nitrogen that was depleted from the soil? A use water that is enhanced with phosphates B add fertilizer to the soil to provide a source of nitrogen C use genetically altered crops that fix their own nitrogen D add bacteria to the soil in order for the crop to grow stronger roots 5 Vetiver grass is planted by farmers along the borders of corn field CMS SCI EEN 271, 272, 273, 282, 283, 284 Page 3/25

4 Which process does the vetiver grass most likely help farmers reduce? A chemical weathering B insect infestation C freezing of crops D water erosion 6 While on a trip to Peru, Carlos saw that a mountainside had been terraced by the ancient Inca Indians The Incas had terraced the side of the mountain to grow food CMS SCI EEN 271, 272, 273, 282, 283, 284 Page 4/25

5 Which other purpose did the terracing of the mountain serve? A It provided a transportation system B It encouraged wild plant growth C It helped control erosion D It prevented flooding 7 Which human activity most likely contributes to the solid waste pollution in streams and landfills? A using natural fertilizers on lawns CMS SCI EEN 271, 272, 273, 282, 283, 284 Page 5/25

6 B buying products packaged in disposable containers C combining leaves and grass clippings with paper products to use in composting D recycling glass, paper, and aluminum products 8 Land subsidence (ground level dropping) is most likely an indication that A sediments are being deposited B water is being polluted C rocks are being weathered D ground water is being depleted 9 The human population is increasing every day How does this increase in population affect the natural resources that maintain humans? A increases the supply of resources CMS SCI EEN 271, 272, 273, 282, 283, 284 Page 6/25

7 B decreases the amount of resources C results in less demand for resources D improves the quality of the resources 10 A an increase in autotroph populations B a decrease in the duck population C an increase in the racoon population D a decrease in pathogens of carnivorous fish CMS SCI EEN 271, 272, 273, 282, 283, 284 Page 7/25

8 11 In order to reduce consumption of nonrenewable resources, humans could A burn coal to heat houses instead of using oil B heat household water with solar radiation C increase industrialization D use a natural-gas grill to barbecue instead of using charcoal 12 The rapid destruction of tropical rainforests may be harmful because A removing trees will prevent scientists from studying ecological succession B genetic material that may be useful for future medical discoveries will be lost C energy cycling in the environment will drop CMS SCI EEN 271, 272, 273, 282, 283, 284 Page 8/25

9 D the removal of trees will limit the construction of factories that will pollute the environment 13 Which characteristic of a cold-water upwelling near the coast of Northern California results in a large concentration of marine organisms? A loss of thermal stability B high nutrient concentration C consistent surface-current flow rate D increased availability of dissolved oxygen 14 The diagram below gives the names for energy at different wavelengths across the electromagnetic spectrum CMS SCI EEN 271, 272, 273, 282, 283, 284 Page 9/25

10 Energy at which wavelength is most likely to be absorbed by the ozone layer in Earth s stratosphere? A 010 nm B 250 nm C 001 cm D 95 m 15 What is the primary energy source driving circulation of ocean currents on Earth? CMS SCI EEN 271, 272, 273, 282, 283, 284 Page 10/25

11 A geothermal heating B planetary rotation C solar heating D lunar tidal forces 16 The Gulf Stream current travels from the equator towards Europe CMS SCI EEN 271, 272, 273, 282, 283, 284 Page 11/25

12 If the Gulf Stream stopped flowing, which environmental change would most likely occur? A More reefs would develop in the waters near the eastern Greenland coastline B Water temperatures in the Northern Atlantic Ocean would be much hotter C Land masses in the Northern Atlantic Ocean would have colder climates D Most of Europe would be flooded because of rising sea levels 17 St Augustine, Florida, and San Antonio, Texas, are located near the same latitude However, average winter temperatures in St Augustine are higher than in San Antonio Which most influences the milder temperatures of St Augustine, Florida? CMS SCI EEN 271, 272, 273, 282, 283, 284 Page 12/25

13 A increased cloud cover B reduced solar radiation C distance north of the equator D nearness to ocean currents 18 Ocean currents affect global climates The Great Ocean Conveyor Belt is shown Which is most likely the mechanism that drives the current to continue to circulate? CMS SCI EEN 271, 272, 273, 282, 283, 284 Page 13/25

14 A surface winds B density currents C rotation of Earth D gravity of the Moon 19 A 1 and 5 B 2 and 6 CMS SCI EEN 271, 272, 273, 282, 283, 284 Page 14/25

15 C 3 and 7 D 4 and 8 20 The Coriolis Effect provides evidence that Earth A rotate s B has a tilted axis C has seasons D revolve s 21 CMS SCI EEN 271, 272, 273, 282, 283, 284 Page 15/25

16 A B C D 22 The primary cause of surface ocean currents is A atmospheric winds B atmospheric precipitation C ocean water evaporation CMS SCI EEN 271, 272, 273, 282, 283, 284 Page 16/25

17 D ocean floor earthquakes 23 Which human activity directly affects the quality of freshwater resources? A depleting the ozone layer B burning gasoline in car engines C storing nuclear waste in casks D allowing runoff from agricultural fields CMS SCI EEN 271, 272, 273, 282, 283, 284 Page 17/25

18 24 A southea st B southwe st C northea st D northwe st CMS SCI EEN 271, 272, 273, 282, 283, 284 Page 18/25

19 25 The water table usually rises when there is A a decrease in the amount of infiltration B a decrease in the amount of surface area covered by vegetation C an increase in the amount of precipitation D an increase in the slope of the land 26 CMS SCI EEN 271, 272, 273, 282, 283, 284 Page 19/25

20 A B C D 27 The greatest amount of rainwater infiltration occurs on the side of a hill if the surface of permeable soil has A small soil particles and a steep slope B small soil particles and a gentle slope C large soil particles and a steep slope D large soil particles and a gentle slope CMS SCI EEN 271, 272, 273, 282, 283, 284 Page 20/25

21 28 A B C D 29 The accompanying cross section represents a forested area in North Carolina CMS SCI EEN 271, 272, 273, 282, 283, 284 Page 21/25

22 A A and B B B and D C C and E D D and E 30 A paved blacktop parking lot was built on what was once a soil-covered field This area will now experience increased runoff when rain occurs because the paved parking lot has A less capillarity B less permeability C greater infiltration CMS SCI EEN 271, 272, 273, 282, 283, 284 Page 22/25

23 D greater porosity 31 If excessive amounts of hot water are discharged into a lake, the immediate result will most likely be A an increase in the sewage content of the lake B a decrease in the amount of dissolved oxygen in the lake C an increase in the amount of PCB pollution in the lake D a decrease in the amount of phosphates in the lake 32 Preserving wetlands helps to improve water quality because A vegetation and sediment in wetlands act as a natural water filter B grasses and shrubs in wetlands absorb carbon dioxide CMS SCI EEN 271, 272, 273, 282, 283, 284 Page 23/25

24 C birds and frogs in wetlands consume pollutants D native species in wetlands outcompete invasive species CMS SCI EEN 271, 272, 273, 282, 283, 284 Page 24/25

25 Answer Key 1 D 2 A 3 C 4 B 5 D 6 C 7 A 8 D 9 B 10C 11B 12B 13B 14B 15C 16C 17D 18B 19A 20A 21D 22A 23D 24C 25C 26A 27D 28A 29B 30B 31B 32A CMS SCI EEN 271, 272, 273, 282, 283, 284 Page 25/25