Water Harvesting. For Commercial & Institutional Buildings. John R. Bauer

Transcription

1 Water Harvesting For Commercial & Institutional Buildings John R. Bauer Stuart L. Bailin

2 Learning Objectives By the end of this session, you should be able to do the following: List the key trends and drivers growing the water harvesting industry Explain the process for designing a harvesting system and the importance of the Scoping stage Define water harvesting sources and indentify practical uses for treated non-potable water List the major components of a commercial harvesting system and their purpose Use examples to explain how the entire process works Copyright 2012 Water Harvesting Solutions, Inc. 2

3 Wahaso's Credentials Still a new company in a new industry Launched in 2008 Nearly 200 projects across U.S. in various stages of implementation Supported by experienced team of engineers and leaders Stuart Bailin: 30+ years in fluid systems and water purification John Bauer: 30+ years in marketing & sales Jim Sharp: 30+ years in mechanical engineering & operations Dan Elekman 20+ years in mechanical design Seasoned engineering and operations team Unique business model is driving success Integrated turn-key systems customized by project Design/Build approach Architects Engineers Installing Contractor Staff Support 3

4 Significant Projects Commercial Buildings Fields Volvo green showcase showroom Rainwater to irrigate and flush toilets WMS Gaming World Headquarters Rainwater to flush toilets Contech Construction Products, Portland, OR Process greywater for reuse Richmond VA Data Center Rainwater to Flush Toilets Housing Village Lindo Paseo housing in San Diego, Ca - Greywater to irrigate landscaping Hotel Bel Air, Los Angeles Greywater to irrigate KTD Monastery, Woodstock, NY, greywater to flush toilets Pathway Assisted Living Vernon Hills, IL Rainwater for irrigation Military Marine Corps Air Station, Cherry Point, N.C. - Rainwater to flush toilets in two bachelor enlisted quarters (BEQ) Camp Pendleton Hope & Care Greywater to Irrigate Marine Corp Recruiting Depot Greywater to flush toilets in three buildings Marine Corps Base Quantico Rainwater to flush toilets Government U.S. Consulate, Monrovia, Liberia - Rainwater & well water for potable water and other uses. City of New York - sanitation building seeking LEED certification: Harvest rooftop rainwater and boiler condensate to flush toilets & wash equipment City of Madison, WI LEED Platinum fire station Rooftop rainwater to irrigate and conduct exercises Social Security Building, Chicago, IL Retrofit multi-source, multi-use Birch Bayh Federal Building, Indianapolis Rooftop rainwater to flush toilets Kiran C. Patel Center for Global Solutions, University of South Florida Rooftop rainwater to flush toilets Metcalf GS Building, Chicago, IL cooling condensate for cooling tower make-up City of Chicago, IL Boone Clinton Elementary School seeking LEED certification: Harvest rainwater for garden irrigation and educational purposes Chicago Parks District comfort stations Rainwater to flush toilets Chicago Valley Forge Field House Rainwater to flush toilets Police Station #12 Rainwater to flush toilets & irrigate 4

5 What is "Water Harvesting"? Water Harvesting is the collection, cleaning, storage and reuse of onsite water sources, to reduce the consumption of municipal potable water. TERMS Rainwater Stormwater Greywater, Gray Water Groundwater Reclaimed Water On-Site Treated Non-Potable Water From roofs and above-ground collectors From ground surfaces Parking lots, run-off Untreated waste water gently used in showers, sinks, processes From below-grade sumps (around basements) Municipally-treated sewage for reuse Processed water from any source ready for nonpotable reuse 5

6 A Water Crisis on the Horizon

7 A Water Crisis on the Horizon

8 Megatrends Support Water Harvesting Predicted Shortage of Potable Water Conservation Efforts The Green Movement Concern for Environment LEED Certification Stormwater Management Best Practices Detention Requirements 8

9 19,200 Systems Installed in 2009 $.5 Billion! 2010 Rainwater Industry Study 9

10 2009 Market Skewed to 6 States 2010 Rainwater Industry Study 10

11 What's in it for Owners? Save money on municipal water and sewer charges Convert stormwater liability into an asset Protect the environment Green building certification Regulatory requirements, incentives Higher property resale value Good public relations 11

12 LEED Certification is a Trend Driver Water Use Reduction (2-4 pts) 10 or more LEED points available! LEED Certification Levels 69 Innovative Wastewater Technologies (2 Pts) Water-Efficient Landscaping (2-4* Pts) Stormwater Design (2 Pts) Water Harvesting Solutions, Inc. 12

13 The Harvesting Opportunity in Commercial Properties Evaporative Cooling Tower 1,500,000 gallons annually Rooftop rainwater 500,000 gallons annually Toilet flushing 500,000 gallons annually Landscape irrigation 750,000 gallons annually Cooling coil condensation 400,000 gallons annually Parking lot rainwater 2,000,000 gallons annually 13

14 Most Water Use in Commercial Buildings can be Replaced with Harvested Rainwater and Stormwater 90% + of Water Use! Source: Australian Department of Natural Resources, Mines and Water,

15 But it is a New Industry With Challenges Lack of public education and understanding Regulatory barriers Emerging industry standards inconsistencies Undervalued cost for municipal water System costs are high and R.O.I. tough to justify Emerging technologies and learning System components, standards, reliability 15

16 The Greywater Conundrum ? Typical Water Savings Using Harvested Water to Flush Toilets Annually: 500,000 gallons Building Life Savings: 20 million gallons! (40 Years) 16

17 Development Process Touches Multiple Customers Scoping Design & Specifications Fabrication Installation & Testing Training, Service & Maintenance Architects Contractors Engineers Building Staff 17

18 Project Scoping Evaluate and estimate potential supplies & demand Draft system concept sequence of operation Determine recommended storage amount & type Identify the system mechanical requirements Provide a rough system cost for building decision makers early in the process Copyright 2009 Water Harvesting Solutions, Inc. 18

19 Scoping: Evaluating Water Sources & Applications Potential Sources Rooftop rainwater Surface stormwater Greywater from showers, sinks, washers Cooling condensate Steam condensate Groundwater ejectors Cooling tower blow down Process wastewater Potential Uses Landscape irrigation Toilet flushing Cooling tower make-up Green roof irrigation Boiler make-up Truck washing Washing machines 2011 Water Harvesting Solutions, Inc. 19

20 Scoping: Matching Supply to Demand 800, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,000 - January February March April May June July August September October November December Total Water Supply Total Water Demand 2011 Water Harvesting Solutions, Inc. 20

21 Cistern Modeling Identifies Optimal Rainwater Storage Capacity Different cistern size options are modeled using six years of daily rainfall history for the location Most cost-effective capacity is at point of diminishing returns 21

22 System Design Objectives Make a significant and meaningful impact on reducing the amount of municipal water use Match a system to meet the unique characteristics of the building Location, use, opportunities, local codes Ensure that the water is safe for storage & application Keep the system as simple as possible Complexity adds up-front cost, maintenance, risk Keep the system cost-per-gallon saved as low as possible 2011 Water Harvesting Solutions, Inc. 22

23 System Components are Customized to Each Project Filtration & Sanitation Primary Filtration & Storage Pressurization Controls 2011 Water Harvesting Solutions, Inc. 23

24 Primary Filtration & Storage Considerations Initial filtration depends on sources Mechanical & biological options Mechanical Separators Natural Filtration Through Vegetated Swale 24

25 Storage Methodology a Key Variable Underground Fiberglass Tanks Concrete Vaults Stormwater Chamber System Internal Polyethylene Tanks 25

26 CorGal Steel Tanks for Above Ground Storage ,000 Gallons Diameters from 6 to Water Harvesting Solutions, Inc. 26

27 and Unlimited Opportunity for Creativity Steel Tanks Can Be Decorative - and Signal Harvesting Efforts 2010 Water Harvesting Solutions, Inc. 27

28 Atlantis Patented D-RainTank Technology Unlimited Cistern Size and Configuration 28

29 Passive Water Quality Management Reduces system costs: No recirculation or cistern sanitation loop required 29

30 Processing: Filtration & Sanitation Processing Considerations Source and application of water Cost vs. maintenance trade-off Rainwater Processing Skid Greywater Processing Skid 2011 Water Harvesting Solutions, Inc. 30

31 Sanitation and Stabilization Considerations How will water be used? Turnovers per day Methodology: UV, Chlorine, Chlorine Dioxide, Ozone Ultra-Violet Sterilization 2010 Water Harvesting Solutions, Inc. Chlorine Dosing Systems 31

32 Pressurization Pressurization Considerations Water use requirements pressure & flow rates Reliability importance critical or non-critical use Options: single triplex; submersible; solar powered Lower Volume Systems Vertical Well Pumps High Capacity Industrial-Grade Skid Water Harvesting Solutions, Inc.

33 Proprietary Control System Monitors and Controls all System Activity Controller Considerations Complexity of system Need to record and report system statistics Integration with irrigation control Connectivity to Building Automation System Educational opportunities Remote Access Capability 33

34 Typical System Design Controls Processing Pressurization Primary Filtration & Storage 34

35 Typical Sustainable Irrigation Harvesting System 35

36 Engineered Designs are Transformed into Functional Systems 36

37 Pre-Fabrication Speeds Installation and Minimizes Issues 37

38 Case Studies Integrated Harvesting Systems 2011 Water Harvesting Solutions, Inc. 38

39 Fields Volvo World s Greenest Volvo Dealership

40 Fields Volvo Project: Location: Customer: Engineers: System Type: Considerations: Storage: Sanitation: Projected Annual Water Savings: Field s Volvo Northfield, IL. Dan Fields JDR Engineering, Madison, WI Rooftop rainwater for irrigation and toilet flushing Marketing value as World s Greenest Volvo Dealership 10,000 gallon Atlantis Raintank 4,400 gallon CorGal steel tanks Chlorine (Calcium Hypochlorite) 265,000 gallons Commissioning Date: February 1,

41 Supply & Demand 70,000 Analysis of Rainwater Supply & Demand - Fields Volvo Northfield 60,000 50,000 50,073 48,642 57,226 54,365 51,503 47,211 42,660 42,660 40,000 38,628 38,914 38,914 35,766 38,628 34,336 30,000 27,182 22,890 25,785 22,039 20,000 10,000 8,539 8,168 8,910 11,914 8,168 7,796 - January February March April May June July August September October November December Average Rainfall Per Month Total Water Demand 41

42 System Schematic 2011 Water Harvesting Solutions, Inc. 42

43 System Layout 43

44 Equipment Layout 44

45 Atlantis Tank Excavation Prepared

46 Exterior Geotextile Liner Installation Protects Impermeable Rubber Liner

47 Installation of Impermeable Rubber Liner

48 6 Sand Base is Compacted to 95%

49 Geotextile Liner Is Marked For Tank Boundary Location

50 Atlantis Rain Tank Installation

51 All Tank Sections Installed

52 Tanks Are Overwrapped With The Geotextile Liner Installed Before Tanks Set In Place Note Impermeable Rubber Liner In Background

53 Compacted Sand Layer Between Tanks and Rubber Liner

54 Site Restored To Grade Level With Dirt Top Layer

55 Two 2,000 Gallon CorGal Tanks Installed

56 Processing Skid

57 UL Listed Panel & Self-Cleaning Filter 2011 Water Harvesting Solutions, Inc. 57

58 Hotel Bel-Air Villas, California 58

59 Greywater for Irrigation: Hotel Bel Air Project: Hotel Bel Air Greywater Location: Bel Air California Customer: Hotel Bel Air Engineers: Psomas Engineering System Type: Greywater for Irrigation Considerations: L.A. Code Exemption Storage: 4,200 gallon fiberglass tank Sanitation: Chlorine (Calcium Hypochlorite) Projected Annual Water Savings: 240K per month, 2.9 million gallons annually Commissioning Date: January, Water Harvesting Solutions, Inc. 59

60 Sizing the System Key Assumptions - HBA Villas Supply & Demand Supply Occupancy Rate Per Room - Weekly Average 60% 75% 85% 95% Number of Guest Rooms Average Number Guests Per Room Average Number of Showers Per Guest Per Day Average Length of Shower in Minutes Shower GPM 10.0 Total Showers Gallons PP PD Bath Usage per day GP filled tub 51.5 Average Bath Usage PD 25.8 Bathroom Sink Usage - Minutes Per Day Per Person* GPM per sink usage 1.5 Average Sink Usage PP PD 7.5 Total Greywater Production PP PD (Gallons) Total Greywater Production Per Day (Gallons) ,663 7,079 8,022 8,966 Monthly Greywater Production. Assumes use of all available processed water 169, , , ,983 Conversion to Hundred Cubic Feet Monthly Water Savings (Cost per CCF) $ ,087 1,232 1,377 Annual Gallons of Water Saved 2,038,608 2,548,260 2,888,028 3,227,796 Annual Water Cost Savings $ 10,438 $ 13,047 $ 14,787 $ 16,526 Demand Daily Irrigation Demand, Villa Courtyard, Upper Hillside 663 Adjoining Gardens 5,296 Total Irrigation Demand Per Cycle (in gallons) 5,959 60

61 System Design: Process Schematic 61

62 System Design: Processing Skid Filtration Chlorination 62

63 System Design: Settling Tank 63

64 System Layout 64

65 System Build & Installation 65

66 New York City Sanitation Building Tower O Garbage Seeking LEED certification High municipal water costs 108 workers during peak days 81,000 square foot roof Green roof and impervious roof Steam heat provided by City 66

67 New York City Sanitation Building Multi-Source, Multi-Use Project: Location: Customer: Engineers: System Type: Considerations: Storage: Sanitation: Projected Annual Water Savings: Commissioning Date: New York Sanitation Building Manhattan, NY New York City Department of Sanitation Greeley & Hansen Multi-Source, Multi-Use Water storage location, steam condensate supply 20,000 Gallon Fiberglass Tank U.V. & Chlorine (Calcium Hypochlorite) 3,800,000 gallons 2012 (Build in-process) 67

68 Multiple Sources Tapped for Multiple Uses 6.3 million gallons of harvestable water supplies were identified 4.3 million gallons steam condensate.7 million cooling condensate 1.3 million gallons from green roof and impervious roof 3.8 million gallons of nonpotable demand were identified 2 million gallons cooling tower make-up 1.3 million gallons toilet flushing 340K gallons truck washing 200K gallons roof top watering 68

69 Integrated System Design 2010 Water Harvesting Solutions, Inc. Projected Annual Water Savings $34,500! 69

70 A 20K Gallon Fiberglass Tank will Store Water 20,000 Gallon Fiberglass Tank Located in Building Basement Multi-Media Filter System & Day Tank 70

71 Wahaso Engineered and is Building the System Pumps, Controls & Bladder Tanks U.V. System 71

72 Harold Washington Social Security Building - Chicago 72

73 Harold Washington Social Security Building Project: Harold Washington Building Location: 600 W. Madison Street, Chicago, IL Customer: Government Services Administration Engineers: System Type: Multi-Source, Multi-Use Considerations: Existing tanks, Utility floor access Storage: 4 X 8,000 Gallon Re-Commissioned Steel Tanks Sanitation: Chlorine (Calcium Hypochlorite) Projected Annual Water Savings: 3,220,000 gallons Commissioning Date: September,

74 Multiple Supplies Identified - Condensate was the Driver Supplies Gallons/ Year Rooftop Rainwater 775,000 Groundwater Ejector 675,000 Cooling Condensate 2,040,000 Total Supplies 3,490, Water Harvesting Solutions, Inc. 74

75 Cooling Towers Drove Demand Demand Gallons/ Year Irrigation 54,180 Boiler Make-Up 146,000 Toilet Flushing 82,940 Humidifier Make-Up 1,844,640 Cooling Tower Make-Up 3,805,500 Total Demand 5,933, Water Harvesting Solutions, Inc. 75

76 A Good Match of Supply & Demand Totals Gallons/ Year Total Supplies 3,490,000 Total Demand 5,933,700 Projected Annual Savings 3,200,000 $10, Water Harvesting Solutions, Inc. 76

77 Four 8,000 Gallon Decommissioned Tanks 2010 Water Harvesting Solutions, Inc. 77

78 Pressurization & Chlorinator 78

79 System Controls Control system monitors all activities and tracks and displays water harvested and applied 79

80 MCRD BEQ Buildings, San Diego 80

81 MCRD BEQ Buildings, San Diego Project: MCRD BEQ Buildings Location: San Diego, CA Customer: Marine Corp Engineers: Steuven Engineers System Type: Greywater for toilet flushing and irrigation Considerations: Three buildings & three systems; high water table Storage: Concrete vaults Sanitation: Chlorine (Calcium Hypochlorite) Projected Annual Water Savings: 2,000,000 gallons Commissioning Date: December,

82 Analysis of Supply & Demand San Diego Marine Recruit Facility Greywater System Key Assumptions Daily Supply & Demand Each building to require a separate self-contained system Daily Calcs P293 P294 P316 Total Daily Monthly Annual Supply Average Number of Showers Per Resident Per Day Average Length of Shower* Shower GPM 1.5 Total Showers Gallons PP PD 7.5 No Bath Usage 0.0 Bathroom Sink Usage - Minutes Per Day Per Person* GPM per sink usage 1.5 Average Sink Usage PP PD 7.5 Total Greywater Production PP PD 15.0 Total Residents Total Greywater Production 11,085 14,850 3,450 29, ,550 10,578,600 Demand Toilet Flushes PP PD* 1.2 GPF 1.2 Total Toilet Gallons Demand PP PD Total Urinal Flushes Per Day 4.0 GPF Total Urinal Gallons Per Day Per Person Total Toilet Flushing Per Recruit Per Day (Gallons) Total Non-Potable Demand Per Day PP Total Residents Total Processed Water Demand For Flushing 1,458 1, , ,988 1,391,862 Available for Irrigation 9,627 12,896 2,996 25, ,562 9,186,738 Monthly Irrigation Available By Building 288, ,884 89,882 Annual Irrigation Available By Building 3,465,543 4,642,609 1,078, Days Stated Demand from Environscape Contractors:40 gpm running 20 minutes= 800 gpd x 18 valves= 14,400 gpd each 14,400 14,400 14,400 43, ,000 Supply to Demand 67% 90% 21% 59% 89% Cistern Storage Capacity in Gallons 15,000 10,000 3,000 82

83 System Schematic Design 83

84 84

85 Skid Assembly at Wahaso Facility 85

86 Installed System 86

87 Chicago Parks District 87

88 Valley Forge Field House Project: Valley Forge Field House Location: Chicago, IL Customer: Chicago Parks District Engineers: Building Systems Engineering L.L.C. System Type: Rooftop rainwater for toilet flushing Considerations: Minimize stormwater run-off Storage: 4,200 gallon Atlantis Raintank Sanitation: Chlorine (Calcium Hypochlorite) Projected Annual Water Savings: 65,000 gallons Commissioning Date: November,

89 Demand Analysis Toilet Demand Persons Flushes Occupants Flushes Per Person Per Day Staff Visitors Total Flushes Per Day Number of Persons 71.0 Percentage Male 50% Flushes Per Day Use Male Urinal Use 75% Flushes Per Week By Fixture Toilets Urinals Total GPF Total Gallons For Flushing Per Day of Use

90 Supply Analysis Rainwater Calculator - Chicago Field House Supply & Demand Analysis Rooftop Rainwater to Flush Toilets Annual Average January February March April May June July August September October Average precipitation for Chicago, IL Building Use Days Sub-Calculation - Area of roof in square feet 10,270 10,270 10,270 10,270 10,270 10,270 10,270 10,270 10,270 10,270 10,270 Gross Gallonage 225,993 10,884 8,963 17,286 23,047 20,487 24,328 23,047 26,249 22,407 16,645 Discount for Evaporation, system flush 15% 15% 15% 15% 15% 15% 15% 15% 15% 15% 15% Rooftop Rainwater Available (In Gallons) 192,094 9,251 7,618 14,693 19,590 17,414 20,679 19,590 22,311 19,046 14,149 Rainfall Events Rain Per Event 1, ,130 1,507 1,583 2,068 1,959 2,479 1,905 1,572 Demand for Toilet Flushing 65,313 5,225 4,964 5,748 5,486 5,748 5,486 5,748 5,486 5,225 5,486 25,000 Analysis of Rainwater Supply & Demand - Chicago Field House 22,311 20,000 19,590 20,679 19,590 19,046 17,414 15,000 14,693 14,149 10,000 9,251 7,618 5,000 5,225 4,964 5,748 5,486 5,748 5,486 5,748 5,486 5,225 5,486 - January February March April May June July August September October 2011 Water Harvesting Solutions, Inc. Average Rainfall Per Month Toilet Flushing Demand 90

91 System Schematic 91

92 Cistern Elevation 92

93 Cistern Installation 93

94 Penetrations & Top Covering 2011 Water Harvesting Solutions, Inc. 94

95 Processing Skid 95

96 Chlorination & Make-Up 96

97 Pressurization & Blue Dye 97

98 Controls System logs & reports Water available in cistern Total water saved, municipal water make-up required. Pump status Chlorine levels 98

99 Installed System 99

100 Common Questions System costs? What is not included in a system? Are there regulatory issues? (Local codes?) Timeline from design to install? What are milestones relative to an overall building project? System payout? (Return on investment) Ongoing maintenance requirements & costs? 2011 Water Harvesting Solutions, Inc. 100

101 Water Harvesting For Commercial & Institutional Buildings John R. Bauer Wahaso.com 2011 Water Harvesting Solutions, Inc. 101

102 Chicago Parks Comfort Stations 2011 Water Harvesting Solutions, Inc. 102

103 Chicago Parks Comfort Stations Project: Locations: Customer: Architects: System Type: Considerations: Chicago Parks Comfort Stations Lakefront Osterman Beach, 40 th Street, Chicago, IL Chicago Parks District Muller & Muller Rooftop rainwater for toilet flushing Demonstration Project, High water table Storage (Each Building): 2,000 gallon Atlantis Raintank detention, 500 gallon detention & infiltration Sanitation: Projected Annual Water Savings: Ultra-Violet 43,000 each building Commissioning Date: Summer, Water Harvesting Solutions, Inc. 103

104 Demand Forecast Demand Forecast Toilet Demand Persons Flushes Tota s Flushes Per Person Per Day Staff Visitors Total Flushes Per Open Day Number of Persons 71.0 Percentage Male 50% Total Daily Use Estimate 190 Male Urinal Use 75% Flushes Per Week By Fixture Toilets Urinals Total GPF Total Gallons For Flushing (Operational Day) Total Seasonal Use Estimate 40,000 Male Urinal Use 75% Flushes Per Week By Fixture Toilets Urinals Total 25,000 15,000 40,000 GPF Total Gallons For Flushing (Entire Season) 37, , , Water Harvesting Solutions, Inc. 104

105 Supply & Demand Analysis Supply & Demand for Comfort Stations Rainwater Harvesting System Annual Average January February March April May June July August September October November December Rooftop Rainwater to Flush Toilets Average precipitation for Chicago, IL Building Use Days Sub-Calculation - Area of roof in square feet 3,256 3,256 3,256 3,256 3,256 3,256 3,256 3,256 3,256 3,256 3,256 3,256 3,256 3,256 Gross Gallonage 71,649 3,451 2,842 5,480 7,307 6,495 7,713 7,307 8,322 7,104 5,277 5,886 4,465 2,030 Discount for Evaporation, system flush 15% 15% 15% 15% 15% 15% 15% 15% 15% 15% 15% 15% 15% 15% Rooftop Rainwater Available (In Gallons) 60,902 2,933 2,415 4,658 6,211 5,521 6,556 6,211 7,074 6,038 4,486 5,003 3,796 1,725 Rainfall Events Rain Per Event Demand for Toilet Flushing 45, ,190 4,181 6,173 5,973 6,173 6,173 5,973 6,173 1, " Rain Event Water Savings 2,190 4,181 5,521 5,973 6,173 6,173 5,973 4,486 1,991 8,000 7,000 6,000 6,211 6,173 5,521 5,973 6,556 6,1736,211 6,173 7,074 5,9736,038 6,173 5,000 4,658 4,181 4,486 5,003 4,000 3,796 Flushing Demand Rainwater Supply 3,000 2,933 2,000 2,415 2,190 1,991 1, January February March April May June July August September October November December 2011 Water Harvesting Solutions, Inc. 105

106 Building Layout Osterman Beach 2011 Water Harvesting Solutions, Inc. 106

107 System Concept 2011 Water Harvesting Solutions, Inc. 107

108 Processing Skid 2011 Water Harvesting Solutions, Inc. 108

109 Cistern Design 2011 Water Harvesting Solutions, Inc. 109

110 Pre-filtration & Storage 2011 Water Harvesting Solutions, Inc. 110

111 Demonstration Project 2011 Water Harvesting Solutions, Inc. 111

112 Processing & Controls 2011 Water Harvesting Solutions, Inc. 112