Deliverable D6.1.5: Impact assessment of ITS applications in Romania

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1 Deliverable D6.1.5: Impact assessment of ITS applications in Romania ITS ROMANIA SEPTEMBER, 2014

2 PROJECT INFORMATION Title: Intelligent Transport Systems in South East Europe Acronym: SEE-ITS EoI Reference number: SEE/D/0099/3.2/X Programme: South East Europe Transnational Cooperation Starting date: September 28 th, 2012 Duration: 24 months Web site: PROJECT PARTNERS No Name Short name Country LP Centre for Research and Technology Hellas - Hellenic Institute of Transport CERTH-HIT Greece ERDF PP1 Patras Municipal Enterprise for Planning and Development S.A. ADEP S.A. Greece ERDF PP2 AustriaTech - Federal Agency for Technological Measures Ltd ATE Austria ERDF PP3 Hungarian Transport Administration HTA Hungary ERDF PP4 Bulgarian Association Intelligent Transport Systems ITS Bulgaria Bulgaria ERDF PP5 Intelligent Transport Systems Romania ITS Romania Romania ERDF PP6 University of Ljubljana UL Slovenia ERDF PP7 Institute for Transport and Logistics Foundation EU ASP1 Hellenic Intelligent Transport Systems ITS HELLAS Greece EU ASP2 ITS Hungary Association ITS Hungary Hungary 20% ASP1 Italian ITS Association TTS Italia Italy 10% PP1 Albanian Association of Urban Transport SHKTQ Albania 10% PP2 Faculty of Transport and Traffic Sciences, University of Zagreb ITL FPZ Italy Croatia Deliverable D6.1.5: Impact assessment study of ITS applications in Romania 1

3 DOCUMENT PROFILE Document status: Final version Deliverable code: D6.1.5 Deliverable title: Impact assessment study of ITS applications in Romania Work Package: 6 Preparation date: 30/09/2014 Submission date: 31/03/2015 Total pages: 26 Dissemination level: Public Author: ITS Romania Contributors: Jonathan Rossetti Deliverable D6.1.5: Impact assessment study of ITS applications in Romania 2

4 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The study analyses, collects and elaborates the social, environmental and economic impacts detected in Romania through the implementation of SEE-ITS demonstration activities. In order to have a clear and wide view of the concrete and possible impacts of such applications, two main analyses have been conducted: An Area Type Evaluation And a Transfer of impacts. The Area Type Evaluation aims to assess the social, economic and environmental impacts of an ITS on different territorial level: pilot and/or local level, regional and national level. It shows how the benefits tested and detected during demonstration activities would be absolutely relevant in case of a large deployment of ITSs. Thousands of travelling hours would be avoided using the already available (from a technological point of view) systems for traffic management, for example. The natural consequence would be a reduction of accidents, of social costs, and an increase of safety levels. But also the implementation of a Web Application for cyclists and pedestrians would impact not only on these categories, but on also on the whole Modal Share of a city or region, reducing the use of private cars, and thus of the emissions and fuel consumption. An impact or benefit can be (or appear) as limited if considered as one single and punctual application, but is relevant and surprising if it assesses on city, regional or national level. In the second step of this study, the impacts of an ITS piloted within the SEE-ITS project have been transferred to our country in order to assess the effects and the benefits also in other countries, and therefore in other contexts and situations. This has allowed simulating a crossing test and check of the six ITSs piloted within project Demo-Activities, multiplying analysis and elaborations. The transfer of impacts helps the understanding of which ITS is more specific and consistent for the different countries. Deliverable D6.1.5: Impact assessment study of ITS applications in Romania 3

5 CONTENTS 1. Introduction Purpose and Scope of this Report Methodology Organization of this Report 7 2. Demo-Project Summary Thessaloniki Pilot-site: advanced travel information services Patras Pilot-site: travellers information Vienna Pilot-site: cooperative traffic management Timisoara and Danube Area Pilot-site: ITS deployment for road networks Hungary Pilot-site: intermodal travel planning services Emilia Romagna Pilot-site: dangerous goods monitoring Sofia Pilot-site: optimal use of traffic and travel data Categories of ITS implemented within SEE-ITS demonstrations Statistical Datasets Introduction Statistical Datasets Expected Impacts Demo-Sites Impacts Impacts assessment Territorial impacts Area Type Evaluation Transfer of Impacts Evaluation Impact assessment of other demo projects in Romania References 26 Deliverable D6.1.5: Impact assessment study of ITS applications in Romania 4

6 LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Indicative example of final impacts 10 Table 2: Statistical datasets - Romania 13 Table 3: Impacts per Demo Site 17 Table 4: Impacts of the Austrian Demo site 18 Table 5: Final impacts of Romania 19 Table 6: Scaling up of impacts in Romania 19 Table 7: Local Impacts Thessaloniki Pilot-site 21 Table 8: Transfer of Impacts in Romania 21 Table 9: Local Impacts Vienna Pilot-site 22 Table 10: Transfer of Impacts in ROMANIA 22 Table 11: Local Impacts Hungary Pilot-site 23 Table 12: Transfer of Impacts in ROMANIA 23 Table 13: Local Impacts Emilia Romagna Pilot-site 23 Table 14: Transfer of Impacts in ROMANIA 24 Table 15: Local Impacts Sofia Pilot-site 24 Table 16: Transfer of Impacts in ROMANIA 24 Deliverable D6.1.5: Impact assessment study of ITS applications in Romania 5

7 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1. Purpose and Scope of this Report In the present activity the impact assessment of the ITS applications, conducted in task 5.3, will be transferred to other regions and scaled up at larger geographic areas. Thus, the activity explores the main options for achieving the objectives of the ITS services and analyses their likely impacts in the economic, environmental and social fields. The scope of this task is to evaluate the performance of the ITS piloted services at network level aiming at quantifying the benefits of the system when applied to larger areas. At the same time, the benefits of each individual ITS service will be transferred to each Demo activities. The network under study can be comprised of city streets and/or interurban roads, depending on the characteristics of the service to be examined, while the wider area extension can be local, regional or national. The results of this activity will provide input to activity 6.2 in which the advantages and disadvantages of each ITS system will be outlined and possible synergies and trade-offs will be examined. The examination of synergies will follow an area type evaluation, namely for each type of area level (local, regional, nationally) all possible interrelationships will be explored and analysed, setting the basis for further more technical procedural integration. Besides the importance of understanding the impacts of the ITS at network level, the results of this task are going to provide also inputs to the Cost Benefit Analyses, to be elaborated under WP Methodology The proposed methodology includes the scaling up of the impacts of the systems demonstrated under WP5 from local to regional and national levels. The scaling up process will follow the assessment methodology developed in the framework of the Compass4D project 1. More specifically the proposed statistical extrapolation/scaling up methodology will allow the scaling up of the results obtained by the demonstrations evaluation activities under 5.3. The statistical methods, used in several previous related studies (Zwaneveld and Arem 1997, Maccubbin et al. 2008, Chiara et al. 2009, Klunder et al. 2009), are based on the measurements of real world impacts/benefits coupled with transport-related statistics for weighting these benefits and obtaining scaled up ones to regional and national levels. The methodology requires as the first step, desktop research of statistical data at city, regional and national level related to the tested scenarios. These general data are the multipliers that allow assessing impacts on different levels as to transfer impacts of Demo activities in all the other countries. The second step is to collect through the activities of WP5 (5.3) major impacts/benefits, as resulted through the application of the ITS services per Demo Site. Due to the fact that not all the impacts are suitable for all the Demonstrators, an indication of the impacts to be 1 Deliverable D6.1.5: Impact assessment study of ITS applications in Romania 6

8 considered by each partner for the national pilot project is provided in the documents. Impacts are expressed in terms of percentage of reduction or increase and are referred to the measure unit with which are expressed the statistical data. The matching of statistical data on various levels with impact rates at urban level provides an assessment of the impacts on the Environment, Society and the Economy of the city, region or country for each of the 8 countries. Finally, an analysis of the impacts that are expected at national level in case of the application of the Demo activities performed in the other considered countries is conducted. In order to apply this activity, a validation of the expected impacts at country level of other Demo activities is performed by each partner together with ITS experts. Using the same mechanism previously described (matching between statistical data and impact rates) the forecasted impacts in view of a future implementation of all the considered pilots project are provided as conclusion of this document Organization of this Report Chapter 2 provides a brief description of the Demo activities performed in each participating country and groups them for commonly analysing and assessing the suitable impacts of each. Chapter 3 includes the guidelines and the methodology for developing the desk research and provides statistical data to be collected. Chapter 4 identifies the considered impacts at Environmental, Social and Economic level and defines a rate for each impact that is generally an expression of the percentage of reduction/increase (or a range of percentages) of one specific aspect/impact. Chapter 5 presents the local impact of the national demonstrator according to the evaluation performed in activity 5.3 and develops the scaling up methodology for the calculation of the impact at regional and national level. Chapter 6 analyses the impact that would be transferred in the other participating countries thanks to the application of the demonstrators implemented within SEE-ITS project activities by the other partners. Deliverable D6.1.5: Impact assessment study of ITS applications in Romania 7

9 2. DEMO-PROJECT SUMMARY 2.1. Thessaloniki Pilot-site: advanced travel information services The demonstration activities focus on advanced traveller information services based on optimal use of real time traffic data. The outcome of the data fusion combined with the use of Dynamic traffic assignment and simulation software for the estimation of traffic condition of the road network in the near future ensure the provision of the real time information regarding the traffic condition of the road network to the end users Patras Pilot-site: travellers information The demonstration activities focus on information provision to travellers, with optimal use of road and traffic data, on main local and regional corridors and in conurbations, data security and protection, and liability issues and European ITS cooperation and coordination. The demonstration area covers urban and peri-urban corridors and the activities foresee data security, protection & liability system design as well as the supply and installation of equipment, the development of standardized interfaces to traffic management based on DATEX and the development of driver information applications for the web Vienna Pilot-site: cooperative traffic management The demonstration activities focus on cooperative traffic management. The existing systems ( are merged with complete new mobility approaches in the area of cooperative systems. The demonstration shows hand-held systems presenting traveller information based on existing state-of-the-art TIS systems with having cooperative information from the Test field Telematics embedded. This is a big step towards Cooperative Traffic Management Solutions Timisoara and Danube Area Pilot-site: ITS deployment for road networks The Romanian Pilot is a multimodal traffic information solution/route planner that covers four different modes of transport. The pilot system brings together relevant traffic information from public transport; railway, road and inland waterway transport and provide multimodal routing strategies. The main objective of the pilot solution is to assist a traveller in selecting a multimodal trip. The system uses data from all modes of transport, combines them in order to provide accurate travel time and the best selection of modes of transport. Deliverable D6.1.5: Impact assessment study of ITS applications in Romania 8

10 The Romanian Pilot covers a trip on a selected corridor that starts in Timisoara, goes thru Bucharest and ends in Constanta 2.5. Hungary Pilot-site: intermodal travel planning services The Public Transport Route Planner for Cyclists (hereinafter as the TUK, Tömegközlekedési Útvonaltervez Kerékpárosoknak ) program package was created on commission of the Hungarian Transport Administration, within the framework of the project entitled "Southeastern European Programme SEE/D/0099/3.2/X. SEE-ITS" on a research trial (pilot) basis. It aims to demonstrate that it is possible to create such an intermodal route planning application for use with today's generally available mobile phones of average capacities that satisfies the following conditions: Capability to take the timetables of more than one mode of public transportation into account, including the transfer options among them so that in between two closely situated stops potentially bicycles should be used. Ability to perform route planning from its own database offline (without Internet access). The program is expected to make up its own data base from the GTFS format national timetables of the railway services (MÁV), Budapest public transport services (BKK) and the Danube ferries (altogether 297 MB), with the use of such effective data storage where the combined size of the database should not exceed 10 MB. The route search operation should not take longer than a few seconds even with the use of the national database. The TUK program package has been successfully completed; it meets the requirements, and thus proves that the task is technically feasible. The program package consists of the following components: TUKMobile: Android mobile phone application (main program) TUKAdmin: Operator desktop program to load the updated GTFS databases Server-side devices: Server modules running on the updating webserver Emilia Romagna Pilot-site: dangerous goods monitoring The pilot project pursues in-depth knowledge and aimed to assess the conditions of risk arising from emergencies due to accidents involving the transport of dangerous goods. The primary goal of the feasibility study is to assess the development of a centre for real-time monitoring of the transit of dangerous goods. To this end it is useful to determine points and directions of the transport network more related to the occurrence of events linked to the themes of the project. The goal is therefore Deliverable D6.1.5: Impact assessment study of ITS applications in Romania 9

11 to reduce the risk resulting from the movement of dangerous goods and the impact due to this particular type of roads transit transport systems using ICT tools. At its bare minimum, the pilot project will read the vehicle s number plate carrying dangerous goods and the Orange Slate with the UN number and Kemler classification Sofia Pilot-site: optimal use of traffic and travel data The demonstration activities focus on the optimal use of traffic and travel data, continuity of traffic management ITS services on main local and regional corridors and in conurbations of the area and on road safety aspects related to the deployment of ITS Categories of ITS implemented within SEE-ITS demonstrations Within WP5 of SEE-ITS, the following ITS systems have been developed and evaluated. 1. Advanced Travelers Information System (ATIS) for provision of real time travel time information 2. Advanced Travelers Information System (ATIS) for provision of multiple information to drivers deriving from Cooperative ITS 3. Multimodal route planner (urban Public Transport, suburban railways, inland waterway, private transport routing) along a specific corridor 4. Multimodal route planner for cyclists (private transport routing, urban public transport) in the urban area of Budapest 5. Road Safety systems for road transport Table 1: Indicative example of final impacts Location of the pilot-project ITS Emilia Thess. Patras Vienna Romania Budapest Sofia category Romagna Cat. 1 X X Cat. 2 X Cat. 3 X Cat. 4 X Cat. 5 X X Deliverable D6.1.5: Impact assessment study of ITS applications in Romania 10

12 3. STATISTICAL DATASETS 3.1. Introduction The chapter aims to collect statistical data available at city/local, regional and national level. Data collected within this section are useful as multipliers used for the scaling up of the environmental, social and economic impacts at the different territorial levels above mentioned. The data has been provided from existing national datasets and through a Desk Research on the studies, databases and deriving from results of previous related projects at country level. The tentative list of statistical data that are collected is the following: Transport demand in the area Total Vehicle-kilometres travelled per day Total Vehicles-hours travelled per day Modal split Number of vehicles per type Total fuel consumption in the same specific conditions as in the pilot Total emissions in the same specific conditions as in the pilot Population Population density Number of cars owned per household Average number of daily trips per household Spatial coverage of the public transport network In the Table 2, the type of road (or context in with it is applied the impact) and the Measure Unit in which the data has to be provided for each statistical data are specified. Deliverable D6.1.5: Impact assessment study of ITS applications in Romania 11

13 3.2. Statistical Datasets The table below provides the abovementioned statistical data for the following territorial levels: Cities o Thessaloniki o Sofia o Vienna o Bologna o Zagreb o Ljubljana o Bucharest & Timisoara o Patras o Budapest Regions o Region of Central Macedonia o Sofia Region o Vienna Region o Emilia-Romagna Region o Zagreb Region o Ljubljana Region o Bucharest/Ilfov County & Timis County o Patras Region o Budapest Region And the correspondent European countries to which the cities and the Regions belong, as reported in Table 2. When data are not available then the NA indication is being used. Also, when data does not apply for a specific regional context, a dash ( - ) is being used. Deliverable D6.1.5: Impact assessment study of ITS applications in Romania 12

14 Table 2: Statistical datasets - Romania Statistical datasets Measure Unit Specific Field City level Regional level National level Passengers (total) 600, ,667 N of daily trips Transport demand in the area road and rail 44,587,310 3,515,939 NA N of daily trips vehicles NA NA NA Km/day urban road networks 2,650,618 NA 50,651,525 Total Vehicle-kilometres 7,715,100 travelled per day Total Vehicles-hours travelled per day Modal split Total fuel consumption Km/day Hours/day Hours/day % passenger using private vehicles L/day interurban/highway net. urban road networks interurban/highway net. road Cars (urban and /or interurban network) - 128, , ,077 Timis 2,285, ,305 County: 63,670,470-8,980,190 21,444 NA 71 Bucharest Ilfov: ,809 1,063, ,976,135 Deliverable D6.1.5: Impact assessment study of ITS applications in Romania 13

15 Total emissions L/day tco 2 /day tco 2 /day Total (urban and /or interurban network) Cars (urban and interurban network) Total (urban and/or interurban network) 19, ,756 NA NA NA NA 1,113 NA 14,549 NA NA 15,980 Average Travel Time minutes 100Km of Motorway Average Travel Time minutes 100Km of Interurban - Road Average Travel Time minutes 100Km of Interurban - Road Average Travel Time minutes 100Km of Urban Road Average Travel Time minutes 100Km of Urban Road Average Speed Km/h Motorway Average Speed Km/h Interurban Average Speed Km/h Interurban Average Speed Km/h Urban 29 Timis: Average Speed Km/h Urban Population N of inhabitants 303, ,939 21,258,833 1,908,669 2,274,098 N of cyclists N of persons Can be referred to a NA NA NA Deliverable D6.1.5: Impact assessment study of ITS applications in Romania 14

16 specific group Traffic Flow DG vehicles N DG vehicles/day (year) Motorways NA NA NA N of accidents N of accidents/year Motorways, all vehicles NA NA 136 Public transport users (passengers/day) Private car users (veh/day) Total User Satisfaction/ User Acceptance 145, , ,461 3,500,000 1,300,000 4,800,000 5,371,461 Deliverable D6.1.5: Impact assessment study of ITS applications in Romania 15

17 4. EXPECTED IMPACTS 4.1. Demo-Sites Impacts Through activity 5.3 of WP5, major impacts/benefits of the ITS applications have been identified. In the table below the main impacts resulted from WP5 are shown. Due to the fact that the demonstration activities focus on different ITS service (see paragraph 1), the impacts are not all suitable for each demonstrator. For this reason in the following table it is shown the relation between SEE-ITS demonstrations and expected impacts (indicators). Deliverable D6.1.5: Impact assessment study of ITS applications in Romania 16

18 Table 3: Impacts per Demo Site LOCAL IMPACTS System Specific Fields/ Context STATISTICS DATA (LOC/REG/NAT level) needed for calculating LOC/REG/NAT impacts Impact Value (%) Reduction Vehicle-kilometres Romanian Urban Network Total Vehicle-kilometres travelled per day 10% Reduction Vehicle-kilometres Romanian Interurban Network Total Vehicle-kilometres travelled per day 1% Reduction Vehicle-kilometres Hungarian Urban networks Total Vehicle-kilometres travelled per day 0,1% Reduction Vehicle-kilometres Hungarian Interurban networks Total Vehicle-kilometres travelled per day 0,2% Increase Vehicle-kilometres Greek Urban and Interurban networks Total Vehicle-kilometres travelled per day 5% Reduction Vehicle-hours Greek Urban and Interurban networks Total Vehicle-hours travelled per day 2% Reduction of travel times Romanian Urban Network Average Travel Time 5-9% Reduction of travel times Romanian Interurban Network Average Travel Time 11% Fuel consumption reduction Romanian Urban Network Total fuel consumption 10% Fuel consumption reduction Romanian Interurban Network Total fuel consumption 5% Fuel consumption reduction Greek Urban networks Total fuel consumption (city level) 4% CO2 Emission reduction Greek Urban networks CO2 Total emissions / day (month or year) 4% Reduction of number of accidents Italian Traffic Flow of DG vehicles on Ring Number of accidents involving DG vehicles on Road Urban Motorway/Highway the considered road 10 % CO2 Emission reduction (based on Impact of Information and 2,5-15 % Bulgaria Highways CO2 Total emissions / day (month or year) Communication Technologies on Energy Efficiency in Road Transport: TNO) Deliverable D6.1.5: Impact assessment study of ITS applications in Romania 17

19 For the Austrian Demo Site, the following temporal benefits applied. Table 4: Impacts of the Austrian Demo site Temporal benefits of the Austrian Demo site Year Travel Time Savings Reduction of Veh-Hours (veh-hours) Accidents Reduction of Fatalities Reduction of Severe Injuries Reduction of Slight Injuries Benefit from reduction of material damage Deliverable D6.1.5: Impact assessment study of ITS applications in Romania 18

20 5. IMPACTS ASSESSMENT TERRITORIAL IMPACTS 5.1. Area Type Evaluation The first step of the impact assessment is to examine the impacts that a demo application has to the regional and national level of the same country. In Romania the demo activities concentrated on the application and the provision of Multimodal Journey Planning Services ITS deployment for road networks. ITS 3: Timisoara and Danube Area Pilot-site: ITS deployment for road networks The evaluation activities of activity 5.3 provide the indicators as presented in Table 5. Impacts to be transferred Table 5: Final impacts of Romania U.M. Type of road Urban Interurban Reduction Vehicle-kilometres travelled (km/day) 10 % 1 % Reduction of travel times Min/hours 5-9 % 11 % Fuel consumption reduction L/day 10 % 5 % Increased number of better informed travellers N people 60 % Modal shift - reduction road transport Ton/km Pass/km 20 % User Satisfaction N of people 80 % User Acceptance N of people 90 % The scaling up methodology is applied for the Romanian Demo. As a basis the cities of Timisoara and Bucharest are considered as a good representation of a typical, Romanian, urban environment. Table 6: Scaling up of impacts in Romania Impact to be transferred Reduction Vehicle-kilometres travelled (Urban Network) Reduction Vehicle-kilometres travelled (Interurban Network) Transferred impact Local Regional National 10% 265,061 vk/day 771,510 vk/day - - 1% 22,854 vk/day 5,065,152 vk/day 636,704 vk/day Deliverable D6.1.5: Impact assessment study of ITS applications in Romania 19

21 Reduction of travel times (Urban Network) Reduction of travel times (Interurban Network) Fuel consumption reduction (Urban Network) Fuel consumption reduction (Interurban Network) Increased number of better informed travellers (Urban and Interurban Network) Modal shift - reduction road transport (Urban and Interurban Network) User Satisfaction (Urban and Interurban Network) User Acceptance (Urban and Interurban Network) 5%-9 % minutes minutes - 10% 307 l/day 1,939 l/day - 60% 360,000 of daily trips 2,109,563 of daily trips 20% 10% 15% 80% 4,297,168 travellers 90% 4,834,314 travellers 6,713 vk/day minutes minutes 11% 11.1 minutes 12.0 minutes 15,280 l/day 48,276 l/day 5% 7,640 l/day 24,137 l/day 77,200 of daily trips NA 14% 15% 546,351 people 1,819,278 people 614,645 people 2,046,688 people minutes 10.0 minutes 497,613 l/day 248,806 l/day 26,752,386 of daily trips 15% 17,007,066 people 19,132,949 people Deliverable D6.1.5: Impact assessment study of ITS applications in Romania 20

22 6. TRANSFER OF IMPACTS EVALUATION 6.1. Impact assessment of other demo projects in Romania In this chapter, the benefits produced, estimated and evaluated from the demonstration activities under WP5 are being assessed for Romania. In order to assess the impact of the other demo systems, ITS Romania validated, and where necessary, modified the reference value of the original demo. Once the validation/modification performed, the impacts are assessed at local, regional and national level using the statistical datasets as provided in a previous section. ITS 1: Thessaloniki Pilot-site: advanced travel information services Table 7: Local Impacts Thessaloniki Pilot-site Impact to be transferred U.M. Type of road Urban Interurban Increase Vehicle-kilometres travelled (km/day) 5 % 5 % Reduction Vehicles-hours travelled (hours/day) 2 % 2 % Fuel consumption reduction L/day 4 % 4 % Emissions reduction gco 2 /day 4 % 4 % Increased number of better informed travellers N people 72 % Modal shift - reduction use private vehicles N vehicles 4 % User Satisfaction N of people 89 % User Acceptance N of people 59 % Table 8: Transfer of Impacts in Romania Impact to be transferred Increase Vehicle-kilometres travelled Urban networks Increase Vehicle-kilometres travelled Interurban networks Reduction Vehicles-hours travelled Urban networks Transferred Impact Local Regional National 132, ,755-2,566 4,766-2,532, ,271 33,565 3,183, ,603 Deliverable D6.1.5: Impact assessment study of ITS applications in Romania 21

23 Reduction Vehicles-hours travelled Interurban networks Fuel consumption reduction Urban and Interurban networks Emissions reduction (tco 2 /day) Urban and Interurban networks Increased number of better informed travellers (daily trips) Modal shift - reduction use private vehicles User Satisfaction User Acceptance , ,000 2,531, ,780,600 travellers 3,169,161 travellers 6,112 19, Timis 92,640 County: 2 Bucharest Ilfov: 3 607,815 people 2,023,947 people 402,934 people 1,341,717 people 199,045 32,102, ,920,361 people 12,542,711 people ITS 2: Vienna Pilot-site: cooperative traffic management Table 9: Local Impacts Vienna Pilot-site Impacts U.M. Car User Satisfaction N of people 31% User Acceptance N of people 50% Emissions reduction CO 2 /day 5% Reduction of Accidents N of acc. 1% Table 10: Transfer of Impacts in ROMANIA Impact to be transferred User Satisfaction User Acceptance Transferred Impact Local Regional National 3,921,166 travellers 2,041,155 travellers 498,543 people 1,660,091 people 259,516 people 15,518,948 people 8,078,356 people Deliverable D6.1.5: Impact assessment study of ITS applications in Romania 22

24 Emissions reduction (cars) ,157 people - Reduction of Accidents (Motorways) ITS 4: Hungary Pilot-site: intermodal travel planning services Impacts Table 11: Local Impacts Hungary Pilot-site U.M. Type of road Urban Interurban Reduction Vehicle-kilometres travelled (Vkm/day) 0,1 % 0,2 % Increased number of better informed travellers N people 1-8 % 2 Modal shift - reduction of use of private vehicles Ton/km Pass/km - 1 % Table 12: Transfer of Impacts in ROMANIA Impact to be transferred Reduction Vehicle-kilometres travelled - Urban Networks Increased number of better informed travellers (people) Modal shift - reduction of use of private vehicles Transferred Impact Local Regional National 2,650-50,651 7,715 3,037-24,298 6,829-54, ,588-1,700,706 19, ,693 22, , % -0.77% -0.71% Bucharest Ilfov: % -0.76% ITS 5: Emilia Romagna Pilot-site: dangerous goods monitoring Table 13: Local Impacts Emilia Romagna Pilot-site Impacts U.M. Type of road Urban Interurban 2 Depends on weather s circumstances, because the target users are the tourists and recreational cyclist Deliverable D6.1.5: Impact assessment study of ITS applications in Romania 23

25 Recognition Rate N of people 80 % Reduction of number of accidents N acc / trips 10 % Table 14: Transfer of Impacts in ROMANIA Transferred Impact Impact to be transferred Local Regional National Reduction of the number of accidents ITS 6: Sofia Pilot-site: optimal use of traffic and travel data Table 15: Local Impacts Sofia Pilot-site Impacts M.U. Type of road Urban Interurban Reduction Vehicle-kilometres travelled Km/day 0,10% 0,10% Reduction Vehicles-hours travelled veh/hours 0,05% 0,05% Increased number of better informed travellers % of traveller 5,00 % Modal shift % reduction people using road % of people 0,07 % User Satisfaction % of people 73,00 User Acceptance % of people 38,00 Impact to be transferred Reduction Vehicle-kilometres travelled Interurban networks Reduction Vehicle-kilometres travelled Urban networks Table 16: Transfer of Impacts in ROMANIA Transferred Impact Local Regional National - 2,650 7,715 2, ,670 NA 50,651 Reduction Vehicles-hours 107 travelled Interurban networks - NA 532 Reduction Vehicles-hours - 4,490 Deliverable D6.1.5: Impact assessment study of ITS applications in Romania 24

26 travelled Urban networks Increased number of better informed travellers (daily trips) Modal shift - % reduction use private vehicles User Satisfaction User Acceptance , , ,921,166 travellers 2,041,155 travellers 6,433 NA 0.05 Bucharest Ilfov: ,543 people 1,660,091 people 259,516 people 864,157 people 2,229, ,518, 948 people 8,078,3 56 people Deliverable D6.1.5: Impact assessment study of ITS applications in Romania 25

27 7. REFERENCES 1. Chiara B.D., Deflorio F., Diwan S. (2009) Assessing the effects of intervehicle communication systems on road safety, IET Intell. Transp. Syst., 3, (2), pp Daganzo C. (2010) Lecture notes, University of Berkeley 3. Farrell M. J. The Measurement of Productive Efficiency (1957) Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series A (General), Vol. 120, No. 3, pp Holroyd E. M. (1965) The optimum bus service: a theoretical model for a large uniform urban area. In L. C. Edie, R. Herman, and R. Rothery (Eds.), Vehicular Traffic Science. Proc of the 3rd International Symposium on the Theory of Traffic Flow. New York: Elsevier. 5. Klunder G.A., Malone K., Mak J., Wilmink I. R., Schirokoff A., Sihvola N., Holmén C., Berger A., de Lange R., Roeterdink W., Kosmatopoulos E. (2009) Impact of information and communication technologies on energy efficiency in road transport final report. Delft, The Netherlands. 6. Maccubbin R. P., Staples B. L., Kabir F., Lowrance C. F., Mercer M. R., Philips B. H., Gordon S. R. (2008) Intelligent Transportation Systems Benefits, Costs, Deployment, and Lessons Learned: 2008 Update, U. S. Department of Transportation, Research and Innovative Technology Administration. 7. Psaraki V., Pagoni I. and Schafer A. (2012) Techno-economic assessment of the potential of intelligent transport systems to reduce CO2 emissions, IET Intelligent Transport Systems. 8. Smeed R. J. (1975) Traffic studies and urban congestion. Journal of Transport Economics and policy 2 No. 1 pp Vayghan Rodney (1987) Urban Spatial Traffic Patterns. 10. Zwaneveld P. J., Van Arem B. (1997) Traffic effects of automated vehicle guidance systems: a literature survey. PhD Thesis, TNO Inro, Delft, The Netherlands. 11. Romanian Statistical Authority: Eurostat: Deliverable D6.1.5: Impact assessment study of ITS applications in Romania 26