Healthy Indoor Air Quality by Design 6/25/2012. Course Description. UL Environment Healthy Indoor Air Quality by Design ULEIAQ

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1 Course Description UL Environment Healthy Indoor Air Quality by Design ULEIAQ Speaker Name/s Date Participants will understand the impact of indoor air pollution on human health. They will also be able to identify sources of indoor air pollutants and view several case studies of the effects of controlling versus not controlling indoor environmental quality at the design phase of building construction. Emphasis is drawn to the importance of emissions of VOCs over content only requirements. Moreover, the participants will learn the value of selecting certified low emitting products as a proven method for controlling VOC emissions (volatile organic compounds) that invade the indoor environment. Learning Objectives At the end of the this course, participants will be able to: 1. Understand the impact of indoor air pollution on human health 2. Identify sources of indoor air pollutants 3. Understand the difference between low VOC emission and low VOC content 4. Understand the value of selecting certified low emitting products Healthy Indoor Air Quality by Design This CEU is registered with the Interior Design Continuing Education Council (IDCEC) for continuing education credits. This credit will be accepted by the American Society of Interior Designers (ASID), International Interior Designers Association (IIDA), and Interior Designers of Canada (IDC). Credit(s) earned on completion of this course will be reported to AIA CES for AIA members. Certificates of Completion for both AIA members and non-aia members are available upon request. This course is registered with AIA CES for continuing professional education. As such, it does not include content that may be deemed or construed to be an approval or endorsement by the AIA of any material of construction or any method or manner of handling, using, distributing, or dealing in any material or product. Questions related to specific materials, methods, and services will be addressed at the conclusion of this presentation. The content included in not deemed or construed to be an approval or endorsement by IDCEC of any material or construction or any method or manner of handling, using, distributing, or dealing in any material or product Questions related to specific materials, methods, and services should be directed to the instructor or provider of this CEU. This program, Healthy Indoor Air Quality by Design, is registered for 0.1 CEU value. The IDCEC Class Code is: This CEU will be reported on your behalf to IDCEC and you will receive an notification. Please log in and complete the electronic survey for this CEU. Certificated of completion will be automatically issued once you have submitted the online survey for this CEU. Attendees who do no belong to ASID, IIDA, or IDC and do not have a unique IDCEC number will be provided with a Certificate of Completion from the CEU provider. 1

2 ASHRAE Standard states: Air in which there are no known contaminants at harmful concentrations as determined by cognizant authorities and with which a substantial majority (80% or more) of people exposed do not express dissatisfaction 1 What s your opinion? Today s Docket Indoor Air Quality Content v Emissions Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) Inorganic and organic particulates, allergens Formaldehydes / Aldehydes Enhance the quality of air Who to trust Inorganic & combustion gases Mold & mildew Carcinogenic and endocrine disrupting pesticides were detected in more than 50% of those tested Fire retardant chemicals (PBDEs) were in the serum of nearly all people sampled Eye irritation Headache Upper Respiratory Irritation Nausea Dizziness Fatigue Sore or dry throat Nose bleed BPA was found in 90% of urine samples; females higher levels than men, children had highest levels 2

3 Air pollutants are 2-5X higher inside than outside Every day in the U.S. 40,000 people miss work due to asthma 30,000 people suffer attacks 5,000 people visit the ER due to a severe attack Shift from natural to mostly synthetic materials Buildings don t breathe Designs can lack necessary contextual response Decreased ventilation Compacted work spaces $63 B /year loss from lost productivity and increased healthcare costs (National Energy Management Institute, 2010) 1.5 M out of 4.5 M US commercial buildings have unacceptable IAQ affecting 55M workers (US EPA and NEMI 2010) Not addressed: Particulates smaller than 10 micrometers Pesticides Flame retardants Plastics: Bisphenol-A (BPA), PVC, Phthalates 95% of the materials submitted by manufacturers are listed as proprietary in nature and therefore not disclosed to the public. (Enviro & Human Health Inc, report 2010) 3

4 Only 5 of the 20,000 chemicals introduced since 1976 are banned by EPA (source: Environment and Human Health, Inc. report, Wargo, 2010) Content v. Emissions 26 un-tinted paint samples tested Stated content VOC level between 0 g/l and 150 g/l Tested using dynamic Environmental Testing chambers and 14 day testing. Findings: 7 samples had formaldehyde emissions above the CA CREL limit for dry product emissions (9ug/m3) 2 samples had ethylene glycol emissions above the ½ CA CREL limit (200ug/m3) Conclusions: VOC content can not be correlated to VOC emissions Impact: If used, TVOC levels may impact building clearance testing CAL covers 35 individual chemicals of concern when there are over 13,000 that emit from man-made products Content v. Emissions in LEED Credits LEED Program 2009 Version 3 BD&C BD&C Healthcare BD&C Schools ID&C Credit 4.1- Adhesives/Sealants content content emissions content Credit 4.2 Paints Coatings Credit 4.3 Flooring Systems content content (Op 2 paint) emissions (Op 2 ceiling /wallpaper) emissions content emission s emissions emissions emissions Credit 4.4 Composite Wood/Agri-fiber content content emissions content Credit 4.5 Furniture/Furnishings n/a emissions emissions emissions 4

5 A Tale of Two Buildings Owner: State of Washington, Department of Natural Resources New Construction Indoor Air Quality Prioritized: Proper installation sequence for materials Temporary ventilation during construction Low-emitting materials specified Indoor Air Quality testing before occupancy μg/m Levels Taken for Building Criteria Measured Measured Value 1 Week Value 2 Weeks Measured Value 12 Weeks Formaldehyde TVOC Particles Owner: Private, Atlanta Telecommunications Company New Construction Indoor Air Quality was not prioritized μg/m Levels Taken for Building Criteria Measured Measured Measured Value 1 Week Value 2 Weeks Value after 12 Weeks Formaldehyde TVOC Particles 5

6 Respond to site context Effective programmatic layout Proper ventilation design and zoning Low-emitting material specifications International Green Construction Code (IgCC) March 2012; Chapter 8 ASHRAE : Chapter 8 Collaborative for High Performance Schools 2002; Section 2.2 Wet before dry beware the sink effect! Protect your ventilation Employ a moisture and IEQ manager Encourage good housekeeping for all onsite workers Pre-occupancy Indoor Air Quality Test IAQ Testing Flush-out of building OR perform air testing Flush out usually more expensive ; 14,000 cu. ft/sq ft of floor area (outdoor air) IAQ Testing: Prepare, Coordinate, React Specify Low Emitting products when possible Use EQ Credit 3.1 Construction IAQ Mgmt Plan during Construction Use only qualified LEED professionals and consultants to perform React in case of failure Report should comply with LEED Online project documentation Green procurement guidelines Establish a high performance cleaning program Educate staff on green housekeeping procedures Green products do not have anywhere near the level of quality and durability of their normal counterparts Establish regular HVAC and moisture management plans Perform regular IAQ testing 6

7 Durability 3.50 Low VOC emissions 3.11 Formaldehyde-free 3.06 Life cycle cost 2.98 No VOC emissions 2.90 Recycled content(post) 2.86 Recycled content(pre) 2.83 Recyclable/compostable 2.81 LCA 2.75 Rapidly renewal material 2.71 Biodegradability 2.61 Total VOCs (TVOC) 2.59 Carbon content rd party certification 2.45 PVC free (no vinyl) 2.22 Phthalate emissions = not important 2 = somewhat important 3 = very important 4 = extremely important To A/D Specifiers Most commonly specified green products (Courtesy: BDC Magazine June 2011) Sustainable Building is becoming standard practice! Federal and Provincial Municipal Year of Completion 2005 Type NC Setting Urban Total site area 14,500 m2 Total building area 21,800 m2 Building use Level 2 and 3 labs, office meeting area Improved air quality; 90% of spaces day-lit; staff comments feeling of space is wonderful to work in Design occupancy Certification 600 staff LEED CA Gold LEED and IAQ Issues Credit Attainment Survey (GEI Survey: August 2011) LEED Rating System: IAQ related Credits 3.2 IAQ Testing Before Occupancy % Not Achieved Reason for non attainment 40% TVOC levels 4.1 Adhesives/ Sealants 10% Content 4.2 Paints Coatings Coverings 6.7% Content 4.3 Flooring Systems 11.7% Emissions 4.4 Composite Wood / Agrifiber 47% Content of Formaldehyde 4.5 Furniture/ Furnishings 55% Emissions 7

8 CaGBC LEED Rating Systems (Leadership in Energy & Environmental Design) LEED Canada for: New Construction Commercial Interiors Core and Shell Existing Buildings Homes Neighborhood Dev. Stats (as of 07/31/11) 2600 Registered Buildings 466 Certified LEED Canada 80 Certified; 152- Silver; 189 Gold; 45-Platinum Ventilation (ASHRAE ) Source Control: Tobacco Smoke Control (Zero Exposure) CO 2 Monitoring LEED Canada NC (IEQ Credits: 21.7%) (Prereq.) (1 point) Construction Management Plan (During construction) (1 point) Pre-Occupancy Flush-out or Baseline testing Low-Emitting Materials Indoor Chemical & Pollutant Source Control Indoor Air Related Credits (2 points) (4 points) (1 point) LEED Canada NC (IEQ ) Adhesives & Sealants (4.1) South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD) Rule #1168 Paints & Coatings (4.2) Green Seal Standard Paints SCAQMD Rule - Floor finishes and stains Carpet Systems (4.3) Carpet and Rug Institute s Green Label Plus Program Composite Wood & Laminate Adhesives (4.4) No added urea-formaldehyde resins Low Emitting Materials Credits Ventilation (ASHRAE ) Source Control: Tobacco Smoke Control (Zero Exposure) Monitoring CO 2 (Pre-req.) (1 point) Construction Management Plan (During construction) (1 point) Pre-Occupancy Flush-out or Baseline testing Low-Emitting Materials LEED Canada CI (IEQ Credits: 29.8%) Indoor Chemical & Pollutant Source Control Indoor Air Related Credits (1 point) (5 points) (1 point) LEED Canada CI (IEQ 4.5) SCAQMD, GREENGUARD Children & Schools Green Seal, SCAQMD, GREENGUARD Children & Schools CRI Green Label Plus, GREENGUARD Children & Schools Low Emitting Materials, Systems Furniture and Seating GREENGUARD Indoor Air Quality Certified OR U.S. EPA Environmental Technology Verification (ETV) Chamber Test No added urea-formaldehyde GREENGUARD Children & Schools 8

9 IAQ v. Carbon Footprint or things I tell people I care about. Where can I find guidance? Pharos Project Human health aspects not equally valued as integral to sustainable buildings Green Format Practice Greenhealth EPP Guide Green Spec Product Guide NAHB RC Green Approved Products This concludes the American Institute of Architects Continuing Education Systems Course. We will now discuss UL Environment s GREENGUARD Certifications and provide resources for your use. SAFETY IS EVOLVING SO IS UL With the definition of safety constantly advancing, UL has expanded our focus to include an unparalleled breadth of offerings. Our goal is to better help your business meet the shifting needs of a changing world. UL Environment offers environmental claim validations, multi-attribute product certifications, environmental product declarations, indoor air quality certification, product emissions testing, organizational sustainability certification, and consulting Knowledge Services UL Environment s GREENGUARD Certification Who is UL Environment? Improving public health and quality of life through healthy indoor air. 9

10 GREENGUARD Certification Voluntary Certification Process: Why else is UL Environment valuable to you? Manufacturer contacts UL Environment Product Profiling and Testing Full Chamber testing Quarterly Monitoring Annual Retesting of Product We are an environmental resource. For the world s largest online, low-emitting product guide 10

11 Resources for Indoor Air Quality Thank you. Learning Assessment 1. What is a VOC? What is TVOC? 2. Name 3 types of pollutants in the indoor air we inhale every day 3. How do these pollutants affect our health? 4. How do these pollutants affect the building? 5. When in the building life cycle must Indoor Air Quality be considered: design, construction, or operations & maintenance? 6. Why Is California DPH Section inadequate in assessing emissions? 7. List 3 resources to evaluate the greenness of a product 8. A product that is low content VOCs is always low emitting of VOCs. T or F? 9. The International Green Construction Code is an example of a high performance building program similar to the LEED program. T or F? 10. You can trust the Government to make sure only safe products are available for use. T or F? 11