Westinghouse Plasma Gasification for Power and Liquid Fuels PROJECT UPDATES

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1 Westinghouse Plasma Gasification for Power and Liquid Fuels PROJECT UPDATES Gasification & Syngas Technologies Council (GSTC) October 16-19, Vancouver, BC

2 ABOUT US: ALTER NRG Our Focus and What We Do Alter NRG develops and owns projects utilizing Westinghouse Plasma Corporation (WPC) technology 30+ years of research and development; ~$2 billion invested in projects and technology Divert waste that is otherwise landfilled (including Municipal Solid Waste, Hazardous Waste, Industrial Waste, Medical Waste, Mixed Biomass, Construction & Demolition Waste, etc.) Make syngas from multiple waste streams Provide large and small scale solutions 25 tpd to 2000 tpd 2

3 ABOUT US: SUNSHINE KAIDI Builds, owns and operates a portfolio of power facilities $6 billion USD Company generating 1400MW Currently permitted to build additional MW over next 5 to 7 year period in China EPC capabilities projects Biomass Power Plants Fujian, China Anhui (Ningguo), China Hydro Power Plants Yunnan, China Nanbuhe, China Power Plant Installations Mao Khe, Viet Nam Quảng Ninh, Viet Nam Proven expertise in hydro power, wind power, concentrated solar Bajiu, China Hai Duong, Viet Nam Key technology owner in desulfurization, waste water treatment and gas clean-up FT technologies iron slurry and cobalt catalyst Anhui (Wangjiang), China Hubei, China Wind Power Plants Pinglu, China Henan, China Henan, China Shanxi, China 3

4 KAIDI HAS RECENTLY ANNOUNCED A SIGNIFICANT PROJECT IN KEMI, FINLAND BIOMASS TO BIOFUELS FACILITY Overview: The facility will produce 200,000 metric tons/year of biofuels from waste biomass; 75% biodiesel and 25% bio-gasoline Established permitting, engineering and design; construction will start in 2017 and planned commercial operations in 2019 Will utilize Alter NRG s plasma gasification system and Rentech s Fischer-Tropsch (FT) liquids processes (both owned by Kaidi) Waste Biomass from sustainable sources Benefits: Investment of EUR 1 billion; tax revenue of EUR 200 million Will create 4,000 man-years of construction work; over 150 permanent positions once operational Is part of EU's Renewable Energy Directive - 20% of energy consumption from renewable sources by 2020 Is part of Finland s goal to reach target of 40% biofuels usage by

5 ALTER NRG PLASMA GASIFICATION IS A WASTE REDUCTION TECHNOLOGY Waste Feedstocks: Municipal, Hazardous, Industrial, Medical, Mixed Biomass, Construction & Demolition, Coal, Tires, etc C Tar free 250 to 300 BTU/scf 2:1 CO/H C 1000 Tons/day Fine & Heavy Particulate Matter Removed Coarse Particulate Matter Removed Plasma Torches Sulphur Removed C Slag Liquid Fuels Power 50 MW Gross (~41 MW Net to the grid) For sale to market Fuel Replacement 20 Tons/day Sludge to landfill 20 Tons/day Recycled into the WPC Gasifier 1 Ton/day For sale to market 250 Tons/day For sale to market as aggregate Barrels/day For sale to market 10,420 Btu/day (3.8 MMBtu/year IN SUMMARY: 1000 tpd Waste Processed Using Alter NRG Gasifier 250 tpd Slag for Sale To the Market as Aggregate 40 tpd Waste for Disposal 20 tpd Particulate Matter + 20 tpd Sludge for Landfill Disposal OR Recycled back into Alter NRG s Gasifier 5

6 PLASMA GASIFICATION IS AN EFFICIENT DIVERSION TECHNOLOGY WASTE DIVERSION RATE BY TREATMENT METHOD 1000 tons per day waste handling/treatment) Recycling/MRF Incineration Advanced Thermal Technologies Waste Diversion ~20% to 40% ~70% ~98% Waste for Treatment or Landfilling ~80% ~30% ~2% Recycling/MRF does not eliminate majority of waste Incineration creates additional residual waste that requires landfill disposal Advanced thermal technologies create minimal residual waste for landfilling/disposal 6

7 FROM AN ECONOMICS PERSPECTIVE - WHY PLASMA? A COST ADVANTAGE UTILIZING WPC SYNGAS WHEN CREATING POWER AND LIQUID FUELS WESTINGHOUSE PLASMA GASIFICATION IS THE KEY ENABLING TECHNOLOGY 1000 TPD PLASMA GASIFICATION FACILITY UNIT OPERATING COST (PER MMBTU SYNGAS PRODUCED, NET OF GATE FEE REVENUES) Gate Fee $0/t $40/t $60/t $80/t $100/t CLEANUP Cost of Syngas Production (Per MMBtu) $6.0 $1.75 $0 ($2.40) ($4.75) * Europe, UK, China, India, Japan, Korea, South America NAT GAS / LNG OIL $7.00 to $14.00 / MMBtu $40/bbl to $80/bbl Assumptions: Capital per MMBtu for clean syngas is ~$2/MMBtu Compression to 400psig per MMBtu is ~$0.75/MMBtu The VALUE PROPOSITION of GASIFYING 1000 tpd of WASTE In a period of historically low fossil fuel prices, WPC syngas continues to be a cost effective feedstock for the production of liquid fuels. Gate fees for waste feedstocks offset the cost of syngas production and provide a significant source of revenue for a plasma gasification facility. 7

8 THE TECHNOLOGY HAS BEEN IN COMMERCIAL OPERATION SINCE PLASMA FIRED CUPOLA APPLICATION General Motors; Defiance, Ohio - commissioned in 1987 Demo 50 tpd 2002 WORLD S 1 ST COMMERCIAL SCALE PLASMA GASIFIER Mihama Mikata, Japan - operational in BIOMASS FACILITY Kaidi, China operational Q INCINERATOR ASH VITRIFICATION Kinuura, Japan - commissioned in SECOND GENERATION ETHANOL FACILITY Coskata Lighthouse, U.S. -commissioned in Sept ENERGY FROM WASTE FACILITIES, Tees Valley, UK 2,000tpd MSW to combined cycle power Under construction, commissioning dates: TV and TV PLASMA GASIFICATION OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE (MSW) Hitachi Metals; Yoshi, Japan - commissioned in WORLD S LARGEST PLASMA HAZARDOUS WASTE FACILITY Pune, India operational in MARC-3 TORCHES Guanchuan, China delivery Q1, INDUSTRY LEADING TECHNOLOGY Plasma technology by others such as Alcan over 500,000 hours of industrial use 2003 WORLD S LARGEST PLASMA GASIFIER FOR MUNICIPAL WASTE Utashinai, Japan - operational in 2003; 200 tpd 2014 DEMONSTRATION FACILITY INTEGRATED WITH EXISTING INCINERATOR Shanghai, China operational in Q1, 2014; 30 tpd 8

9 TEES VALLEY IS THE LARGEST ADVANCED PLASMA GASIFICATION FACILITY IN THE WORLD Overview: 2,000 tpd of MSW via 2 separate facilities 100MW (gross combined for both facilities) electrical base load production Facility uses combined cycle power block (via Solar Turbines) Tees Valley 1 and 2 are the World s first combined cycle EFW facilities TV1 TV2 WPC Gasifier and Auxiliary Modules installed at TV1 9

10 TEES VALLEY FACILITIES AND REORGANIZATION OF AIR PRODUCTS Reorganization Under new leadership, Air Products reorganized its business units in late 2015 to create better focus for its core business industrial gases Consequently Air Products has been selling off non-core business units Air Products announced that both the Energy from Waste business and the Performance Materials business were non-core Air Products sold the Performance Materials business in May 2016 Tees Valley Facilities Tees Valley 1 has been completed. Tees Valley 2 is approximately 75% complete. Tees Valley 1 commissioned and has undergone several start-up and trial runs Through these start-ups deficiencies identified/corrective actions put in place/initiated None of identified deficiencies are critical flaws with plasma gasification technology 10

11 TEES VALLEY FACILITY LEARNINGS TO DATE Following a sale/disposition of the Tees Valley facilities by Air Products, the remaining items to be addressed are in the following areas: Oxygen Blown Operation Preparation and delivery conveyance of municipal waste to the gasifier Variability of waste quality and its impact on downstream equipment Feed-handling 11

12 LEARNINGS Basic Facts Oxygen blown gasification can lead to excessive, localized heat release, exceeding design temperatures of materials (this is not unique to plasma) Design must include adequate cooling to avoid localized effects Operating philosophy and temperature monitoring must be robust Waste handling is challenging. MSW is highly variable in shape/size and pre-processing is required to move MSW reliably to a gasifier Lumps, metal objects, ropes, fibers can all lead to mechanical hang-ups Waste quality affects downstream operations. Since MSW is unpredictable in composition, downstream design must be flexible and robust. This includes pressure control, corrosion control, and the addition of an auxiliary fuel to ride out variations. Issues arising from these basic facts are addressable with experience, design and operating philosophy. 12

13 OTHER KEY OPERATIONS - HAZARDOUS WASTE Commercial operations: In India (since 2008). In China (since 2013). Flexible operations: Processed over 600+ hazardous waste streams since Syngas can be utilized for steam, power or process fuel. We have a turnkey modular facility: Can be co-located with industrial facility Compact facility footprint: ~2,000 m 2 Reduces project construction time lines Versus incineration technologies, our byproduct is slag not ash. Slag has commercial uses (construction aggregate, rock wool insulation, etc.) High temperature gasification process also does not create furans or dioxins. SHANGHAI, CHINA - MEDICAL WASTE & FLY ASH, 30 TPD PUNE, INDIA - HAZARDOUS WASTE, 78 TPD 13

14 THE WRAP UP Plasma gasification has processing capabilities ranging from 25 to 1,000 ton per day in a single reactor Due to tipping fees of some feedstocks, plasma gasification produces zero/negative cost syngas Plasma gasification is a reduction/diversion solution with an ability to divert up to 98% of processed waste away from landfills Plasma gasification takes multiple waste streams to create syngas production that can be converted to higher value end products The Tees Valley facility will validate large scale commercial operation for plasma gasification solutions LIQUID FUELS ~365,000 Bbls/yr (OR) WASTE 350,000 tpy SYNGAS ~3.5 Million MMBtu/yr ELECTRICITY 50 MW (gross) base load production 14

15 THANK YOU 460, Avenue S.W. Calgary, Alberta Canada T2R 1R9 Phone: (403) Fax: (403)