Performance Analysis of Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) Working on Different Refrigerant Fluids having Low Boiling Point

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1 IJIRST International Journal for Innovative Reear in Siene & Tenology Volume 4 Iue 7 Deember 2017 ISSN (online): Performane Analyi of Organi Rankine Cyle (ORC) Working on Different Refrigerant Fluid aving Low Boiling Point Haji Banotu GNIT, Hyderabad, Telangana, India Baavaraja. KT GNIT, Hyderabad, Telangana, India Doneti Gopi Krina Palla Praveen Mod. Ubed ur Raman Abtrat Organi Rankine Cyle i te bet way to reover eat from low grade energy oure. Te working priniple of ORC i ame a Rankine yle. Te eletion of te working fluid i of key importane in low temperature Rankine Cyle. Only differene i low boiling point temperature i ued a working fluid. In ti paper four different working fluid R-124(2-loro-1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroetane), R-134a(1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroetane), R-152a(1,1-Difluoroetane) and 245fa(1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane) a been taken for performane analyi of Organi Rankine Cyle. Here ondener and evaporator temperature i kept on 46 C and 100 C repetively. In ti paper, Teoretial Comparion by uing matematial modeling, te performane analyi of ORC a been done by uing four different working fluid. ORC i working between evaporator temperature at 100 C and ondener temperature at 46 C, Operating temperature a been kept ontant for all fluid. Keyword: Organi Rankine Cyle, R-124, R-134a, R-152a, 245fa I. INTRODUCTION ORC tenology i imilar to a traditional team turbine, but wit a ingle, important differene. Intead of uing water vapour, te ORC ytem vaporize a ig-moleular-ma organi fluid aving low boiling point. Ti allow te ORC to extrat energy from low temperature oure. Solar energy, ot exaut ga from oal furnae, oean energy, and geotermal energy i te oure of low grade energy. Solar power a low denity per unit area (1 kw/q.m. to 0.1 kw/q.m.) Hene it i to be olleted by overing large ground area by olar termal olletor. Solar termal olletor eentially form te firt unit in a olar termal ytem. It aborb olar energy a eat and ten tranfer it to eat tranport fluid effiiently. Te eat tranport fluid deliver ti eat to evaporator. Oean over about 71 perent of eart urfae. Tey reeive, tore and diipate energy troug variou pyial proee. Reoverable energy in oean exit mainly in te form of temperature differene between urfae and deep layer. Geotermal energy originate from eart interior in te form of eat. Mot geotermal reoure produe low-grade eat at about C, wi an be ued diretly for termal appliation. Main advantage of geotermal energy are: i a reliable and eap oure of energy, i available 24 our per day, availability i independent of weater, a inerent torage feature o no extra torage faility required and require little land area. Exaut ga ave uffiient temperature for generating eletriity by ORC. Termal effiieny of internal ombution engine i 30-35%. Large amount of eat i rejeted troug exaut ga. Ti energy an be ued by utilized by evaporator for inreaing te preure and temperature of working fluid. II. ORGANIC RANKINE CYCLE Operating temperate of organi rankine yle (ORC) i lower tan Rankine yle. Energy i reeived from low grade energy oure to evaporate te fluid from evaporator. Te Organi Rankine Cyle (ORC) i named for it ue of an organi, ig moleular ma fluid wit a liquid-vapor pae ange, or boiling point, ourring at a lower temperature tan te water-team pae ange. Te fluid allow Rankine yle eat reovery from lower temperature oure u a bioma ombution, Indutrial wate eat, All rigt reerved by 8

2 Performane Analyi of Organi Rankine Cyle (ORC) Working on Different Refrigerant Fluid aving Low Boiling Point geotermal eat, olar pond et. Te low-temperature eat i onverted into ueful work tat an itelf be onverted into eletriity. For uing low grade energy boiling point of fluid ould be low. Te working priniple of te organi Rankine yle i te ame a tat of te Rankine yle: te working fluid i pumped to a boiler were it i evaporated, paed troug an expanion devie (turbine or oter expander), and ten troug a ondener eat exanger were it i finally re-ondened. In te ideal yle deribed by te engine' teoretial model, te expanion i ientropi and te evaporation and ondenation proee are iobari. In any real yle, te preene of irreveribilitie lower te yle effiieny. Toe irreveribilitie mainly our during te expanion, only a part of te energy reoverable from te preure differene i tranformed into ueful work. Te oter part i onverted into eat and i lot. Te effiieny of te expander i defined by omparion wit an ientropi expanion. In te eat exanger, te working fluid take a long and inuou pat wi enure good eat exange but aue preure drop tat lower te amount of power reoverable from te yle. Likewie, te temperature differene between te eat oure/ink and te working fluid generate energy detrution and redue te yle performane. Fig. 1: Semati Diagram of ORC Fig. 2: T-S Diagram of ORC III. PROPERTIES OF REFRIGERANTS Table 1 Propertie of refrigerant R 124(2-loro-1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroetane) peifi eat f g f g f g Table - 2 Propertie of refrigerant R 134a (1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroetane) peifi eat f g f g f g All rigt reerved by 9

3 Performane Analyi of Organi Rankine Cyle (ORC) Working on Different Refrigerant Fluid aving Low Boiling Point Table - 3 Propertie of refrigerant R-152a(1,1-Difluoroetane) peifi eat f g f g f g Table - 4 Refrigerant 245fa (1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane) peifi eat f g f g f g IV. MATHEMATICAL MODELLING Energy required for eating unit ma of team Q E = ( 1-4) kj/kg Work output from turbine W T = ( 1-2) kj/kg Heat rejeted from ondener Q C = ( 2-3) kj/kg Work done by pump W P = ( 4-1) kj/kg = dp Effiieny of ORC ɳ (%)= ( 1-2) / ( 1-4) Propertie of working fluid at 46 C and 100 C V. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Table - 5 value kj/kg R 124 R 134a R 152a 245fa Table - 6 Matematial Reult kj/kg R 124 R 134a R 152a 245fa QE WT QC WP ɳ(%) Fig. 3: Effiieny of ORC All rigt reerved by 10

4 Performane Analyi of Organi Rankine Cyle (ORC) Working on Different Refrigerant Fluid aving Low Boiling Point Fig. 4: Heat addition to evaporator Fig. 5: Work output from turbine Fig. 6: Work done by pump All rigt reerved by 11

5 Performane Analyi of Organi Rankine Cyle (ORC) Working on Different Refrigerant Fluid aving Low Boiling Point Fig. 7: Heat from ondener VI. CONCLUSION From te above reult it i onluded tat effiieny of te ORC i iget wen working fluid i 245fa. And alo work output i iget and pump work i lowet wen 245fa i ued a working fluid. So, refrigerant 245fa i more uitable out of tee four fluid. It i te bet metod to ue te low-grade energy for eletri power generation. REFERENCES [1] Mago, P.J., Camra, L.M. and Somayajl, C. (2007), Performane analyi of different working fluid for ue in organi rankine yle, Journal of Power and Energy, pp [2] Aljundi, I.H. (2011) Effet of dry ydroarbon and ritial point temperature on te effiienie of organi Rankine yle, Renewable Energy 36, [Working fluid eletion tudy for te Organi Rankine Cyle. Compare different ydroarbon]. Bundela P.S. and Cawla V. (2010). Sutainable Development troug Wate Heat Reovery. Amerian Journal of Environmental Siene 6 (1): [Study of te wate eat reovery potential in te Indian ement indutry]. [3] Henderon et al. Experimental analyi on te flow boiling eat tranfer of R134a baed nanofluid in a orizontal tube, IJHMT, 53, 2010, [4] Celen, A., Çebi, A., Akta, M., Maian, O., Dalkili, A. S., & Wongwie, S. (2014). A review of nanorefrigerant: Flow arateriti and appliation. International Journal of Refrigeration, 44, [5] Dreer, U., & Brüggemann, D. (2007). Fluid eletion for te Organi Rankine Cyle (ORC) in bioma power and eat plant. Applied termal engineering, 27(1), [6] Liu, B. T., Cien, K. H., & Wang, C. C. (2004). Effet of working fluid on organi Rankine yle for wate eat reovery. Energy, 29(8), [7] Hung, T. C. (2001). Wate eat reovery of organi Rankine yle uing dry fluid. Energy Converion and management, 42(5), [8] Dai, Y., Wang, J., & Gao, L. (2009). Parametri optimization and omparative tudy of organi Rankine yle (ORC) for low grade wate eat reovery. Energy Converion and Management, 50(3), [9] Kang, S. W., Wei, W. C., Tai, S. H., & Yang, S. Y. (2006). Experimental invetigation of ilver nano-fluid on eat pipe termal performane. Applied Termal Engineering, 26(17), [10] Nie, X. B., Cen, S. Y., & Robbin, M. O. (2004). A ontinuum and moleular dynami ybrid metod for miro-and nano-fluid flow. Journal of Fluid Meani, 500, [11] Bi, S., Guo, K., Liu, Z., & Wu, J. (2011). Performane of a dometi refrigerator uing TiO 2-R600a nano-refrigerant a working fluid. Energy Converion and Management, 52(1), [12] Akavan-Beabadi, M. A., Sadougi, M. K., Darzi, M., & Fakoor-Pakdaman, M. (2015). Experimental tudy on eat tranfer arateriti of R600a/POE/CuO nano-refrigerant flow ondenation. Experimental Termal and Fluid Siene, 66, All rigt reerved by 12