Project Interim Report

Transcription

1 Project Interim Report Hydrological and ecological impact of mining in and around Mahan River Sponsor South astern Coalfields Limited (SCL) Bilaspur, Chhatisgarh CSIR-ational nvironmental ngineering Research Institute ehru Marg, agpur July 21, 2017 Page 1 of 12

2 1.0 Origin of the Proposal and Problem Definition: South astern Coalfields Limited has several coal mines in the area of Mahan River Valley. The coal mining activity leads to several interferences with surface and sub-surface water resources such as removal of mine water, disposal/use of mine water, storage of storm/rainwater into the abandon mines etc. Therefore it would be required to undertake a study for assessment of surface and sub-surface water regime in the coal mine project areas. The impact of the mining activity on the ground and surface water may reach beyond the mine activity area. However, the scope of the present study is restricted to study of water regime in the sub-watershed surrounding the working minesand proposed mines of SCL in Mahan River Valley. The report details the present status of the work wherein the data received from the SCL are mentioned. Besides, the primary data collected during the field visit are also presented. 2.0 Objectives of the Study Preparation of study area maps with details of mine locations and drainage pattern. Assessment of hydrogeological characteristics of the study area to establish the depth to water (DTW) table and ground water development potential and current status of GW development. Assessment of impact of dewatering of mines on the water levels of the surrounding wells or other water bodies, particularly the effects during summer season. Impact assessment of seepage on water levels of the surrounding wells. Analysis of river flow data for past ten years at various gauge stations in the study area. Analysis of water quality data for past ten years at various monitoring stations in the study area. Remote sensing images analysis of river catchment area to delineate spatial-temporal variation in past ten years. Water quality modelling to assess the impact of significant pollution parameter in the river (provided river hydrodynamics, river width, depth profile and velocity/flow is available). Study on the effect of pumping out of the water from mines in terms of the ground water levels and any pollution causing to surface/subsurface water bodies w.r.t to quality of water pumped out from mines. Page 2 of 12

3 Comparison of hydro-chemical aspects and water quality parameters for mine-water, surface well water and borewell water in the study area. stimating the water budget of the mine area including drought patterns, annual flows in the rivers and streams, water quality, existing water wells etc, through available records. The proposed water management planning to be delineated. nvironmental base line to be established with respect to current period. 3.0 Scope of the project: The entire study will be restricted to sub-watershedof Mahan River valley The study by CSIR-RI will be based on secondary data Any primary data collected in addition to the available secondary data is not included in the scope of the study and will be generated separately by SCL if required. 4.0 Study area The study area is covered in the Survey of India toposheet o 64 M/3 (scale 1:50,000). The study area has total existing 7 active mines namely Mahan (OCM), Mahan-II (OCM), Bhatgaon (UG), Mahamaya (UG), Kalyani (UG), Shiwani (UG) and awapara (UG) mines. There is one discontinued mine name Dugga (OCM). There are four proposed mines in the area namely Jagarnathpur (OCM), Madannagar (OCM), Budauli (UG), Amba (UG). Figure 1. Show the study area with existing, proposed and discontinued mines. A reconnaissance of the area was undertaken and accordingly, two microwatershed were delineated with covered the mines. One microwatershed covering the Mahan-II is spread over an area of 77 sq km (Figure 2) whereas the microwatershed coveringbhatgaon Underground Mine is spread over 102Sq km (Figure 3). Page 3 of 12

4 Figure 1: Study area 5.0 Project progress till date The work order reference no SCL/GM/BHAT/O (nvt)/2017/155 has been receipt on March 31, 2017(Annexure-1 enclosed herewith). In view of this, CSIR-RI has initiated the work which include following: 1. Meeting with SCL delegate on June 12, 2017 to discussion about methodology and data required for the study. 2. It was discussed that the study area has 7 active mines and four proposed mines. CSIR-RI has to study the impact of existing mines on ground and surface water of Mahan River. 3. Data required for the study are listed as below: Total mining cluster in the study area. Mine wise dewatering/discharge monthly data Piezometer seasonal data River discharge, width, depth data for last 10 years Water sampling station details, frequency of data Page 4 of 12

5 Population of villages and dependence of villager on ground water Latest wildlife conservation report and fishery data for ecological impact assessment. Bore-well locations in the study area CMPDI water quality historical data (surface and ground water quality) 4. SCL has provided Topo sheet (1:50000) scale and Site Plan of the study area to CSIR-RI 6.0 Action taken 1. CSIR-RI has provided template for collection of above mentioned data. 2. SCL has provided GIS data, Groundwater data (partially), Surface water data (not provided till data) and cological data (not provided till data). 3. One the bases of data provided and preliminary analysis of data, site visit to SCL has been done from July th, Based on data provided by SCL and site visit observations, interim report has been prepared. 5. Reconnaissance visit was undertaken by CSIR-RI to the SCL mine areas. The locations of the existing and proposed projects were visited. Based on the location of the mines and the drainage pattern, study areas on the watershed principle were delineated. Based on the delineated study area, sampling locations for groundwater level monitoring and groundwater sampling were selected. Page 5 of 12

6 6.1. GIS Data Analysis and Mapping SCL has provided Toposheet, Siteplan and Village details in the study area. However, Toposheet and Village maps do not cover all the mines. Hence further information is requested from SCL. The toposheet, siteplan and village map are geo-referenced and overlayed on study area. Gaps in Groundwater Data Toposheet no64 I/15, 64 M/7, and 64 M/4 are required to delineate watershed boundary. Details of villages around all coal mines in the study area 6.2. Groundwater Data Analysis CSIR-RI has provided data template to SCL on June 19, 2017 for hydrological analysis of ground water in the study area. The data required for groundwater analysis is A. Survey of India topo sheet no B. Metrological Parameters (Since last five years) C. Village Background Data for groundwater budgeting / social impact study and D. Water requirement (per day) of major water consuming industries in the study area. In respond to this, SCL has provide B & C data for 54 villages namely jagannathpur, dharampur, madannagar, manpur, chaura, pakni, bagda, koteya, bojha, jingadodar, silphili, marhata, chatarpur,chandrapur, khadgawankala, palma, songara, markadand, duppi, karsi, tukudand, ganeshpur, daldali, singhra, madidand, mayapur, kerta, kapsara, jarhi, durti, dugga, dumariya, bhatgaon, baraudhi, banshipur, karondha, tulsi, batara,sattipara,anrokha,chungari,lakshmipur,chikni,sirsi,bundiya,sudamanagar,shyampur,sin gri,dawankara,kewara, parvatipur, paldha, ohanpur, sukhdeopur. Based on the reconnaissance visit, the study area consists of two microwatershed for the purpose of analysing the groundwater analysis. A network of observation wells has been set up (Tables 1 and Tables 2). The observations wells are mostly the Indian Mark-II hand pumps. Groundwater samples were collected for physico-chemical parameters and heavy metal analysis and are being analysed. Page 6 of 12

7 Figure 1: Microwatershed covering the existing Mahan II mine and proposed mines at Jaganannath Pur and Madanpur Page 7 of 12

8 Figure 2: Microwatershed covering the existing Bhatgaon, Mahan I Mines Page 8 of 12

9 Table 1: Observation well network in the Microwatershed covering the existing Mahan II mine and proposed mines at Jaganannath Pur and Madanpur Sample Code MG-1 MG-2 MG-3 MG-8 MG-9 MG-10 MG-11 MG-12 MS-2 Source Latitude Longitude DTW MP BGL BW 23⁰22'19.4" 23⁰23'21.6" 23⁰23'38.1" 23⁰22'9.9" 23⁰20'29.1" 23⁰20'40.8" 23⁰20'54.2" 23⁰21'38.5" 23⁰21'45.2" 83⁰13'40.5" 83⁰14'24.8" 83⁰12'19.8" 83⁰11'26.3" 83⁰11'24.1" 83⁰12'11.7" 83⁰13'19.6" 83⁰13'28.1" 83⁰13'29.6" Location Description LHS of the road towards Rajpur, Chaura Village LHS of the road towards Rajpur, Duppi Village LHS of the road towards Dharampur, Madannagar Village LHS of the road from Pratappur to Ambikapur, near Mahan-II mine RHS of the road, in the school premises, Kerata village LHS of the road from Parampur to Panchidand RHS of the road from Kerta to Rajpur, infront of the primary school, Pakhnapara Bore well in Mahan-II mine, confined aquifer Surface water sample from Mahan-II mine Table 2 : Observation well network Microwatershed covering the existing Bhatgaon, Mahan I Mines Page 9 of 12

10 MG-4 MG-5 MG-6 MG-7 MG-13 MG-14 MS-1 MW DW SW 23⁰20'58.7" 23⁰23'02.1" 23⁰23'38.0" 23⁰21'31.3" 23⁰20'59.1" 23⁰22'41.4" 23⁰21'26.3" 82⁰59'51.2" 82⁰59'59.1" ⁰01'8.3" ⁰03'09.3" 83⁰04'28.2" 83⁰02'10.5" 83⁰05'15.0" LHS of the road towards market from Bhatgaon guest house Centre of the Adarshnagar village, Dugga (1.5 to 2 kms from mine) RHS of the road, Kapsara village chowk LHS of the road from Jarhi to Ambikapur, Beside temple Mine water from Shivani underground mine Dug well in Kapsara village which is opposite to Mahamaya underground mine Bank of the Mahan River, near bride The groundwater level measurement was done in the wells using the water level recorder (Make:Solinst, Figure 3). The water level varied from 8.36m to 29.77m. The variation of water level can be attributed to the withdrawal pattern in the study area as it is observed that the area has significant no of borewells installed by the villager for meeting the drinking and domestic requirements as well. At present, the existing mines have dewatering schemes in place wherein the water is being used for dousing the coal fire, use in dust suppression and supply to the colonies for meeting the domestic requirements. It was observed that borewells (5 nos) have been installed in the Mahan II (OCM). The water from these wells (Figure 4) is being used for dousing the coal fire. Page 10 of 12

11 The stage development of the study area is being attempted on the basis of primary data collected in the field and the available secondary data provided by the SCL. Figure 3: Water level measurement in Mark Hand Pump in the study area Figure 4: Borewell in Mahan II Page 11 of 12

12 Gaps in Groundwater data: The following data are to be provided by SCL: Dewatering data from all the working mines in the study area. The amount of dewatered water and their usage pattern and disposal need to be provided Surface water data CSIR-RI has provided data template to SCL on July 3, 2017 for hydrological analysis of surface water in the study area. The data required for surface water quality includes: A. Surface Water Quality 10 years data for Mahan River: details of sampling locations and frequency of measurements for different parameters B. Parameter wise details of water quality in Mahan River (DO & BOD), C. River width, depth, peak flow etc. D. Wastewater Discharges in Mahan River. Socio-economic data. Gaps in surface water data The none availability of river hydrodynamics and water quality data at various station in river basin. SCL has not provided any data for surface water quality analysis. For surface water quality analysis and hydrodynamicsmodelling, surface water quality data in required A, B, C, D and format are essential cological Data For ecological impact assessment wildlife conservation report and fishery data are required. But till date SCL has not provided the data. Gaps in cological Data 1. Forest Management Plan (Singrauli) previous and recent one 2. Wildlife Management Plan for lephants and wildlife census reports for last few decades 3. Crop depredation and human accidents due to man animal conflicts for last few decades 3. Fisheries yield over last one decade and related report from fisheries department 4. IA reports available for respective mines falling in the study area 5. Forest Range Maps 7.0 Future action plan The stage development of the Groundwater in the each delineated watershed will be estimated. Analysis of dewatering vis-à-vis the groundwater conditions in the surrounding wells Page 12 of 12