Downstream EO Products and Services for the Arctic: CSA support for Canadian Governmental Organizations, Industry & Academia

Transcription

1 Downstream EO Products and Services for the Arctic: CSA support for Canadian Governmental Organizations, Industry & Academia Guy Aubé, Yves Crevier, Paul Briand Canadian Space Agency Earth Observation Applications & Utilizations 1 st Arctic & High-Latitude Products Evolution & Validation Workshop nov. 2014, Ottawa

2 1. The Challenge

3 1. The Challenge

4 2. How Can Earth Observation Technology Help? EO sensor systems collect accurate and timely geo-spatial data; data archives; Provision of EO-based information products at synoptic (or detailed) spatial and temporal scales for l Ex: Improve forecasting and enhance prediction services (land, lake/coastal, cryosphere, atmosphere) 3

5 3. CSA Support for EO Applications, Products & Services - The EOAU division manages programs and activities that support and promote the development and use of EO technologies, applications, products and services - Since 2000, EOAU have managed and supported over 250 projects in partnership with the Government of Canada (+ Prov & Terr.), industry and universities (i.e. EOADP, GRIP, SOAR). Goals: - Support EO products and services development in Environment, Resource & Land Use Management, and Security & Foreign Policy (i.e. GoC Priorities) - Increase the use of EO data in public and private sectors - Facilitate EO data access and it s integration into operational services & solutions (i.e. benefits)

6 4. Examples of EO Applications, Products & Services (CSA support for the Can. Gov Orgs, Industry & Academia) 4 themes in line with the APVE workshop sessions: 4.1. Lake & Coastal 4.2. Cryosphere 4.3. Land 4.4. Atmosphere*

7 4.1. Lake & Coastal Coastal Ecosystems management EO Contributions for Routine Oil Monitoring Detecting suspicious ships and oil pollution event at sea with RADARSAT-2. Source: Environment Canada, RADARSAT-2 data copyright MDA Environment Canada ISTOP initiative for initial detection of polluters at sea Wide-area RADARSAT data collection & ship/feature detection Directing aerial surveys

8 Water / Ecosystems management espace (EC Wildlife & Emergency Services) "Pre-spill Segmentation and Coastal Sensitivity Mapping of Canada s Northern Shoreline" Source: EC

9 Water / Coastal & Oceans - Building Sat. Data into operational oceanography (DFO); - Building ocean color into DFO operations (DFO); - Estimating primary production in the Canadian Arctic (DFO); - Monitoring of Harmful algea in the Lower Great Lakes (EC- NWRI); - Fresh Surface Water Mapping and Monitoring (NRCAN- CCRS); - Water Quality Products for inland and coastal waters (Borstad, DFO).

10 Algae Blooms Water / Coastal & Oceans

11 Water / Coastal & Oceans Source: DFO, Borstad

12 Climate & Weather

13 RADARSAT Hurricane Gustav (Envisat/MERIS images over North America are/were downloaded in Canada) Climate & Weather

14

15 Detailed and Accurate Coastal Rapid Change Detection with RADARSAT-2 Example of flood-related change detection in Saint Lucia, following the devastating impact of Hurricane Tomas on October 30, Climate & Weather Source: CSA, Effigis

16 Ports & Ships - Spaceborn Ocean Intelligence Network (SOIN) (DND METOC); - Support to maritime defense and security operations (DND) - Data Fusion within Polar Epsilon (DND); - Impacts of the Marine Environement on Ship detection (DND-DRDC); - New Northern Mapping with Radar and Optical Satellite Data (NRCAN-CIT);

17 Ship Traffic / Prediction MDA/DND/Coast Guard: Monitoring ship traffic within Canadian waters and approaches using RADARSAT-2 SAR ship and motion detection capabilities in a systematic way: Ship position prediction Ship route prediction Port prediction Marine Safety & Security Suspicious Vessel Alerts (SVA) Source: MDA

18 4.2. Cryosphere Water / Sea Ice EO Contributions for Wide-area Sea Ice Monitoring Sea Ice North Polar Mosaic of Envisat ASAR Data, Source: ESA Canadian Ice Centre Operational Sea Ice Monitoring with RADARSAT-2 Data. Source: Environment Canada

19 Water / Sea Ice Operational Ocean Monitoring CSA s Cooperation with EC Canadian Ice Centre of Environment Canada Provision of RADARSAT data for operational sea ice monitoring since mid- 1990s; oil pollution Ship routing; search & rescue; research

20 Source: EC-CIS

21 Source: EC-CIS

22 Water / Sea Ice IceNAV (Enfotec, CCG); Source: Enfotec

23 Water / Sea Ice (FedNav); MV Nunavik is one of the first commercial vessels to transit the Northwest Passage completely

24 Water / Land Ice & Glaciers Source: MDA, CSA Antarctica Lambert Glacier Velocity Map (Radarsat-1) Source: CSA, Ohio State U., Alaska SAR Facility, NASA-JPL, Vexcel Coporation

25 Water / Coastal & Marine Ice RADARSAT-2 animation produced by CSA: the movement of the C-28 giant iceberg in Antarctica. March 2 to (Source: CSA, 2010) ENVISAT ASAR giant iceberg animation produced by ESA. February 10 to March (Source: ESA, 2010)

26 Water / River Ice & Floods Disaster Risk Management: Rapid Information Products and Services (RIPS) with Canadian Industry Providing emergency management organizations in Canada with accurate and up-to-date EO-based geospatial information to improve decision-making processes. Source: Hatfield, CSA, NWTCG

27 4.3. Land -Climate change and Ecosystem Impacts (NRCAN-CCRS); Circumpolar clear-sky composites - MODIS Source: NRCAN-CCRS (A. Trishchenko & al.)

28 Land / Ecosystems & Parks Management Source: PC, NRCAN-CCRS

29 Land Ice & Glaciers Devon Island Source: NRCAN-GSC

30 Land / Soil surface Soil Moisture SMOS Monitoring soil moisture conditions with SMOS. Source: AAFC

31 Land / Terrain movements Permafrost Environments

32 Land / Soil Vulnerability & Stability A A B C D E Bingham Canyon Mine catastrophic failure of instable sliding area (Apr 2013) Spaceborne InSAR monitoring with RADARSAT-2 Provides valuable early reconnaissance of instable areas in open pit mines Allows to direct detailed ground-based monitoring by mine operators to critical areas H RADARSAT-2 InSAR Displacement Rate (Sep 2008 to Mar 2010) F Mine Safety and Operation Source: MDA G

33 Land / Biodiversity Example for vegetation classification of Peace-Athabasca Delta region, derived from RADARSAT SAR data and Freeman-Durden decomposition, August Source: Hatfield Consultants

34 Land / Wetlands Wetlands Example of a temporal coherence enhancement of RADARSAT-2 InSAR data collected over the Lake Clear study area, Ontario. Water bodies are shown in very dark colour; wetland areas are depicted in pink colour; and various stages of forest clear cuts and farmland are shown in light green and reddish tones (areas of fairly high coherence appear in shades of grey -green). Source: NRCAN-CCRS

35 Land / Forest Fires - Canadian Wildland Fire Information System (NRCAN-CCRS); - Cartographie des combustibles (Tecsult, CMS); - Real-Time Emergency Management via Satellite (BC Forestry Services) Wildfires on July , Hoarfrost River, NWT, Canada Great Slave Lake area (Northwest Territories, Canada)

36 Infrastructure / Transport Example: Monitoring critical transportation infrastructure (airport, highway overpasses) in Regina, Saskatchewan, with HDS-InSAR analysis of highresolution RADARSAT-2 repeat pass data stacks. Note the seasonally varying temperature-correlated displacement of portions of the highway overpass. Public Safety and Security / Infrastructure Source: MDA

37 5. Satellite EO Missions (past, on-going & future) 7.1. RADARSAT Program Evolution 1995: RADARSAT : RADARSAT : RCM First operational civilian SAR satellite Important R&D component GoC owned Ops extended to DND, DFO, NRCan, and EC Numerous sci & ops modes MDA owned (PPP) Fully operational Selected R2, Compact Pol. Coherent Change Detection Enhanced ship detection GoC owned Fast tasking, fast delivery DUAP (Oper. Apps + products)

38 5.1. RCM Key Mission Drivers Ensure continuity of C-Band SAR data, available to Canadian operational users since 1995 Daily coverage of Canadian land and waters, enabling surveillance of Canada s maritime approaches for detection of illegal vessel activity and pollution. Surveillance of the North West passage (up to 4 times daily); ship detection, ice monitoring and mapping. Response to natural disasters with an average daily access to image any point on the globe (considering imaging constraints). Greater revisit for more efficient monitoring and management of natural resources and sensitive ecosystems. Design addresses the increasing requirement for radar imagery in support of existing and new operational Canadian government programs Current daily coverage with RADARSAT-2 (1 satellite) Expected daily coverage with RCM (3 satellites)

39 5.2. CryoSat Launch: 2010 Goal: Radar measurements of changes at ice margins, vast ice sheets, and marine floating ice in the polar oceans. Measurements of sea ice thickness Source: ESA

40 5.3. Soil Moisture & Ocean Salinity (SMOS) Launch: 2009 Goal: mapping sea surface salinity and soil moisture at global scale Also suitable for cryospheric studies of snow and ice covered regions Source: ESA

41 Source: NASA 5.4. SMAP Mission Soil Moisture Active Passive SMAP will provide a capability for global mapping of soil moisture and freeze/thaw state with unprecedented accuracy, resolution, and coverage. SMAP science objectives are to acquire spacebased hydrosphere state measurements over a three-year period to: -Understand processes that link the terrestrial water, energy and carbon cycles -Estimate global water and energy fluxes at the land surface -Quantify net carbon flux in boreal landscapes -Enhance weather and climate forecast skill -Develop improved flood prediction and drought monitoring capabilities The main objective of the scientific participation of Canada in the SMAP mission is: To contribute to the calibration and validation of SMAP data for Soil Moisture and Freeze/Thaw products over Canada To improve the representation of energy, water and carbon cycles in Canadian environmental analysis and prediction systems using SMAP SM and F/T data. Launch is planned for Nov. 5, 2014

42 SMAP Northern applications: Regional weather predictions (coastal rainfall / forecasts) Coastal ecology (carbon, ecosystem monitoring & forecasts) Sea ice mapping for navigation Temporal changes in ocean salinity Wind speed & hurricanes monitoring Coastal floods Field Campaign - CanEx-Sm10 (EC, AAFC, NASA, U. Sherbrooke, etc.) Source: AAFC, NASA

43 5.5. SWOT Mission Surface Water and Ocean Topography The Surface Water Ocean Topography (SWOT) mission brings together two communities focused on a better understanding of the world's oceans and its terrestrial surface waters. U.S. and French oceanographers and hydrologists have joined forces to develop this new space mission to make the first global survey of Earth's surface water, observe the fine details of the ocean's surface topography, and measure how water bodies change over time. Science Goals Hydrology: First global inventory of fresh water storage and discharge on land. Oceanography: First global determination of the ocean circulation, kinetic energy and dissipation at mesoscales and submesoscale processes. In 2010, CSA was invited by NASA to contribute a set of Enhanced Interaction Klystrons (EIK) to the SWOT Mission. The EIKs are critical component of the main instrument of the mission. In exchange for its contribution, Canada can participate in the Science Definition Team and be involved with the Calibration/Validation activities of the mission. Source: NASA

44 5.6. Microsatellite for the Observation of Canadian Coastal and Inland Waters (WATERSAT) Summary: Mission for the Coastal and in-land waters productivity assessment of aquatic ecosystems, and its impact on fisheries and pollution. Primary objectives and services: WATERSAT would: 1) Provide coastal waters and medium to large water bodies ecological information, 2) Monitor hazards, discharges, effluents and pollution events, 3) Assess productivity of marine coastal ecosystems, 4) Detect, monitor and help predict Harmful Algal Blooms (HAB), and 5) Monitor medium and large water bodies quality. Anticipated utilization: - Coastal and inland monitoring of water quality and productivity would serve regulatory bodies for health & security in addition to the touristic and fishing industries. Great Lakes Instrument payload: Pushbroom hyperspectral from 350 to 5nm spectral resolution. 250km 100m spatial resolution. - It would improve our understanding of water ecosystems and complex water-atmosphere-land interactions. Targeted Stakeholders: Government Organizations: EC, DFO, AAFC, DND, NRCAN, PHAC Proposed spacecraft: MicroSatellite. Orbit: 600km sun-synchronous 10:30AM LTAN. Mass/Volume: TBD. Lifetime: 2 years (minimum) 5 years (expected). Fox Basin

45 5.7. SENTINEL-1 In September 2012, a dedicated interdepartmental Tiger Team, lead by the CSA, was established to develop a whole of government approach with the main objective to ensure timely access, in Canada, to Sentinel 1,2 and 3 data streams soon after the system becomes operational. The CSA and the CCMEO consulted government departments at federal & provincial level on their needs for Sentinel 1, 2 and 3 data. The Tiger Team has established the requirements for the reception, processing, archiving & distribution of NRT Sentinel-1 data in Canada in order to provide continued support to Canada s key national program delivery. Canada is a participating country to the EU s Copernicus Space Component Program. As part of the collaboration between Europe and Canada on Space activities, with respect to the future RADARSAT Constellation Mission (RCM) and Sentinel-1, CSA has worked closely with ESA over the past years to explore synergies between their respective SAR missions & in view of a certain level of interoperability between them. Source: ESA Pine Island & Thwaites Glaciers, April (Interferometric Wide Swath mode)