DISTRICT COOLING & DESALINATION USING HEATPUMPS & M.E.D.

Transcription

1 DISTRICT COOLING & DESALINATION USING HEATPUMPS & M.E.D. David Pearson Director of Innovation Star Refrigeration Imtiaz Khan Regional Manager, Energy (Power, Oil & Gas) Alfa Laval Middle East Ltd

2 Why History bother? & Experience 60% of GCC electricity is for cooling = 82GW * 0.6 = COP = 3.0 = 200GW of waste heat = 1,752,000GWh 1,000 Million Barrels of crude oil EVERY YEAR!!! thrown away More than output of some GCC countries!

3 Agenda: History & Experience Desalination systems are established technology How district cooling can be joined with desalination? The equipment used for the cooling The value of this solution The secondary benefits Desalination delivering 40% savings in water cost

4 Marine History Applications & Experience Desalination Milestones Building on a Proven Foundation 1954 Pioneer with first Desalination unit onboard a ship shell & tube design 1967 Design with Titanium plates as evaporator heat transfer surface Today Supplied more than 30,000 units of the plate desalination concept More than 850,000 m 3 /d in accumulated capacity Average 1000 units per year is delivered Market share leader with 70 % market share achieved and sustained for marine and offshore

5 Land History Applications & Experience Desalination Milestones 1988 Decision to Develop a plate desalination concept for large scale capacities 1992 Commercial introduction of the Titanium plate desalination concept Received orders for more than 200 new plate type desalination units. More than 100,000 m 3 /d capacity installed With successful implementation of the concept, significant number of references has been achieved in all parts of the World

6 World wide Alfa Laval Experience References Round the Globe Example of desalination installation

7 Sea Water Distillation. Karachi Karachi Pakistan Pakistan 2 x MEP x MEP & 1 x 60% & 1 x Dump 60% Dump Condenser Condenser Module Module

8 Iskenderun Bay Turkey 3 x TVC

9 Kaltim - Indonesia 2xTVC (2 x 1,680 m 3 /day)

10 Kansai Electric (KEPCO), Nuclear Power Plant, Takahama, Japan; 2x TVC ; 2x 1,000 m3/day, 2002

11 National Prawn, Saudi Arabia MED m 3 /day 2002 High quality water for Prawn production

12 Binzagr CoRo, Jeddah, VVC-350 & VVC-125: 475 m 3 /day Binzagr CO-RO produce soft drinks and beverages using freshwater distillated from underground water, which has a higher salinity chemical complexity than the Red Sea

13 Why use Plate MED? Performance through time Alfa Laval Plate type evaporators can be cleaned 100% Tubular evaporators gradually decrease performance because of irreversible scaling/fouling Performance % CIP cleaning can remove alkaline soft scaling, and hard scaling can also be removed 100% in a PHE type desalination unit Plate type Tubular 1 2 Time

14 The future!!!!!. Energy Security Climate Change Water supply "The three issues which will have the greatest impact on humanity over the next century are Stephen Appleton, Director Ramboll 2010

15 Think Differently-District Cooling and Desalination A solution to this would be through the use of ammonia refrigeration heat pumps serving district cooling networks, with waste heat being utilised for desalination purposes. Stephen Appleton, Director Ramboll 2010

16 90 C Ammonia Heatpump

17 The World s Largest 90C Natural Heatpump?

18 District Cooling and Desalination Solution? Use waste heat from the cooling plant. Example District Cooling Combined DC and Desalination COPc = MW Cooling 2MW Power 12MW Waste Heat COPc = MW Cooling 3.85MW Power (extra 1.85MW) 13.85MW Waste Heat COPhi = 13.85/1.85 = % of energy is waste heat 60% of GCC electricity is for cooling = 82GW * 0.6 = COP = 3.0 = 200GW of waste heat = 1,752,000GWh 1,000 Million Barrels of crude oil EVERY YEAR!!! thrown away More than output of some GCC countries!

19 District Cooling and Desalination

20 District Cooling and Desalination Solution? Use waste heat from the cooling plant. Large District Cooling Combined DC and Desalination 350MW Cooling 350MW Cooling 700,000 litres/hr water USE 3,181,000 litres/hr of purified water PRODUCTION OR 4.54 x self consumption Delivering over 40% savings in water cost

21 District Cooling and Desalination NeatDesal Proven Turning waste heat from cooling into water.

22 Think Differently-District Cooling and Desalination Demystifying!!.HFCs are not GOOD! Although, replacing ozone depleting substances with HFCs helps to protect the ozone layer, the increasing use of high-gwp HFCs is likely to undermine the very significant climate benefits achieved by the Ozone Depleting Substance phase-out to date. HFCs: A Critical Link in Protecting Climate and the Ozone Layer Published by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), November 2011 ISBN:

23 Don t forget Refrigerant Global Warming Potentials Leakage!!!. R134a is odourless and WILL leak undetected. If we assume 1% per year!!.. A 350MW system will have approx 150,000Kg R134a So leakage will be 1500Kgs per year. This costs!!!.$60,000 per year in or more Doubling every 2-3 years so by 2030 maybe $1.8M 1300 GWP = 1,850,000 kgs of Carbon Dioxide =6.96 million miles in a VW Golf 28 x times around the World!

24 Refrigerant Global Warming Potentials 2000 GWP R22 R134a R407C R410A R717

25 Beware of the Refrigerant Timeline Aware ozone depletion CFC phase-out Montreal protocol CFC ban

26 Refrigerant Timeline Aware ozone depletion Montreal protocol CFC ban

27 Refrigerant Timeline HCFCs Virgin HCFC ban ontreal rotocol CFC ban HCFC ban

28 Refrigerant Timeline HFC emissions may also be substantial when compared to future levels of CO2 emissions.(28-45%)-unep Leakage HCFCs EU F-Gas regs HFCs R717 ontreal rotocol CFC ban HCFC ban

29 District Cooling and Desalination NeatDesal Proven parts Turning waste heat from cooling into water. AND SAVING OPEX AND EMISSIONS

30

31 MEP Process Steam or hot water SG

32 Plate heat Exchanger (PHE) Channel design Hot Medium Corrugated plate design promotes High turbulence with Efficient heat transfer 3-5 times higher in liquid/liquid applications 2-3 times higher in 2-phase applications Cold Medium Minimised fouling 5-10 times higher wall shear stress

33 Multiple Effect Process

34 Multiple Effect Process Vessel Internal: - Pressure Plate - Plate Pack - Sea Water distribution

35 How do we Raise heat from 2C to 90C? HOR = 14.05MW 58C COPh = 3.16 R eff = 9.61MW

36 Technical paper