ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT AND SANITATION PLAN

Transcription

1 Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT AND SANITATION PLAN Panela cane production will shift from traditional to organic production process, with important benefits to the environment. Small inefficient mills will be replaced by state of the art mobile units, reducing wastes, improving efficiencies, enhancing hygienic practices. Industrial processing of molasses will follow an environmental management plan that is briefly summarized as follows. A separate document presents the technical and sanitary specification recently adopted by the Ministry of Labor, Social Security and Health, and that guides the future operation of EPMF. A brief introduction is made of the legal basis for the use and application of Environmental Impact Assessments and Environmental Management Plans in Colombia. This is followed by the summary of the EMP adopted for the Molasses Processing Plant, presented in the form of a table describing each process, its interaction with the environment, potential impacts and adopted environmental measures. LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES The legal framework of an industrial and food processing plant may be summarized as follows: E1652 v 2 1) Political Constitution Title II, Chapter 3, of the 1991 Political Constitution establishes the rights and duties of the State, individuals, and institutions with regard to the environment and sustainable development. 2) Law 99 of December 22, 1993 created the Ministry of Environment and regulates the functions and responsibilities of regional environmental authorities and entities. 3) Ministry of Health Decree 02 of 1982 is in effect and sets the standards for the control of atmospheric emissions produced by fixed sources such as kilns, boilers, and mills, and establishes air quality parameters and standards. 4) Ministry of Health Decree 1994 of June 26, 1984 sets quality standards and criteria for permits to dump and re-use domestic and industrial waste volumes. It specifies the maximum substances permitted in water for different productive activities and those that may present a danger for consumption and aquatic life. 5) Decree 1753 of August 3, 1994 regulates those activities that require environmental licenses and whether such licenses are issued by the regional environmental authority or the Ministry of Environment. 6) Ministry of Environment Decree 948 of June 5, 1995 regulates, prevents, and controls atmospheric pollution by prohibiting the burning of tires, batteries, and other toxic elements, regulates engine emissions, and regulates the noise generated. It establishes those cases for which special permits are required for emission-generating processes. 7) Ministry of Environment Decree 901 of April 1, 1977 regulates fees for the use of water and establishes the procedure to calculate the value of the contaminating load and the fees to be charged. In accordance with this legal framework, in the following table we will identify the Environmental Impact by Activity and the Control Measures to be taken. 1

2 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT GUIDE Stages of the Process Use of Resources Liquid Effluents Solid Waste Atmospheric Emissions Environmental Risk Prevention Measure 1. CLARIFICATION OF MOLASSES 1.1 De-scumming of molasses Natural flocculant Scum Water vapor 1. Improper handling or final disposal of scum. 2. Burns suffered by workers from hot molasses. 1. Heat and dehydrate molasses, transforming it into melote to prolong its storage and use it as animal feed. 2. Design and height of containers to prevent accidents and provision of protective gear for workers. 1.2 Reduction of acidity Lime Stirring in lime or other low-quality input that lessens the panela s quality. Use good quality calcium carbonate. 2. CONCENTRATION OF MOLASSES 2.1 Reduction of foam Anti-foaming agent Water vapor Contaminating the panela through the use of an improper anti-foaming agent. Use laurel or a similar wax to conserve it naturally, with no traces of grease on the surface of the panela water. 3. BEATING OF MOLASSES 3.1 Washing of tubs and other tools Water Waste water Dumping of waste water that contaminates in line with the volume of water, with grease trap, septic tank, anaerobic filter, and 4. MOLDING 4.1 Washing of brick molds and tables Water Waste water Dumping of waste water that contaminates in line with the volume of water, with grease trap, septic tank, anaerobic filter, and 2

3 5. GRANULATION 5.1 Washing of utensils Water Waste water Dumping of waste water that contaminates in line with the volume of water, with grease trap, septic tank, anaerobic filter, and Stages of the Process Use of resources Liquid effluents Solid waste Atmospheric emissions Environmental risk Prevention measure 6. SHRINK-WRAPPED PACKAGING 6.1 Storage in container Packaging 6.2 Heat sealing Leftover 6.3 Packing in boxes Cardboard boxes 7. PACKAGING OF GRANULATED PANELA 7.1 Filling of container Packaging 7.2 Packing in boxes Cardboard boxes 8. GENERATION OF VAPOR 3

4 8.1 Boiler operation Coal and treated water Ashes Gases from boiler combustion. Pollution due to emissions of solid particles and gases with sulfur, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and other contaminants. Seek complete combustion and trap the contaminating elements present in combustion gases before they exit the chimney, through the use of proper equipment such as multicyclones and gas filters. 9. AUXILIARY WORKS 9.1 Preparation of lime Water and lime 9.2 Preparation of flocculant Natural flocculant Pieces of panela cane rind Contamination due to improper waste disposal. disposal together with other waste and residue generated by the industrial process. 10. MISCELLANEOUS SERVICES 10.1 Workers bathrooms Water and personal hygiene Waste water Personal hygiene and human waste Contamination due to improper disposal of waste water and human waste. Stages of the Process Use of Resources Liquid Effluents Solid Waste Atmospheric Emissions Environmental Risk Prevention Measure 10.2 Office bathrooms Water and personal hygiene Waste water Personal hygiene and human waste Contamination due to improper disposal of waste water and human waste. 4

5 10.3 Food and refreshments Food and water Waste water Miscellaneous waste 1. Contamination due to improper disposal of food waste and. 2. Contamination from waste water used in cleaning the kitchen and its utensils. disposal together with other waste and residue generated by the industrial process Maintenance of equipment Oils, grease Used oil Packing Contamination due to improper disposal of oils and grease used in motors and machinery. disposal together with other waste and residue generated by the industrial process Washing of work implements Water Waste water Dumping of waste water that contaminates 10.6 Cleaning of containers Water Waste water Dumping of waste water that contaminates 10.7 Cleaning of plant Water Waste water Packing Dumping of waste water that contaminates 5

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