MANAGING HAZARDOUS WASTE AT WSU TRI-CITIES

Transcription

1 MANAGING HAZARDOUS WASTE AT WSU TRI-CITIES

2 WHAT IS A HAZARDOUS WASTE? Most laboratory chemicals including mixtures and solutions Expired chemicals Pesticides, herbicides, fertilizers Paints, automotive fluids, many maintenance chemicals Cleaning products Batteries, light bulbs, electronics

3 HOW DO I KNOW IF I HAVE A HAZARDOUS WASTE? Federally regulated hazardous waste is defined in 2 ways: Listed Wastes, which include: Individually identified unused chemicals, and Wastes used in particular sources or processes Characteristic Wastes Any material that exhibits one or more hazardous characteristics

4 FIRST FEDERALLY LISTED WASTES P-LIST (ACUTELY HAZARDOUS) ~239 SPECIFIC COMPOUNDS (SUCH AS CARBON DISULFIDE, ALDRIN) U-LIST (HAZARDOUS) ~472 SPECIFIC COMPOUNDS (SUCH AS ACETONE, MERCURY, METHANOL) F-LISTED SOURCES 28 NON-SPECIFIC SOURCES (SUCH AS SPENT SOLVENTS) K-LISTED SOURCES HOW DO I KNOW IF I HAVE A HAZARDOUS WASTE? THE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (EPA) HAS CREATED LISTS OF COMPOUNDS, PRODUCTS, AND PROCESSES THAT ARE REGULATED AS HAZARDOUS. THESE ARE: 111 SPECIFIC MANUFACTURING PROCESSES (WASTEWATER TREATMENT SLUDGES) P-LISTED WASTES CAN ONLY BE ACCUMULATED IN SMALL QUANTITIES (<1 QUART). GENERATORS MUST BE AWARE OF THAT LIMITATION AND PLAN PROJECTS ACCORDINGLY.

5 HOW DO I KNOW IF I HAVE A HAZARDOUS WASTE? SECOND FEDERAL CHARACTERISTIC WASTES EPA HAS ALSO DEFINED FOUR HAZARD CRITERIA USED TO DETERMINE WHEN CHEMICALS OR CHEMICAL MIXTURES ARE CONSIDERED HAZARDOUS THESE ARE: Corrosivity Toxicity Reactivity Ignitibility Any Materials waste which are fails normally the Toxicity unstable, Characteristic and readily Aqueous Liquids with wastes flashpoint with ph under 2 or 140 F ph 12.5 undergo violent change without detonating Liquids Non-liquids that corrode capable steel of causing at more fire than by 0.25 friction, inches per moisture mixed year with absorption, water generate or spontaneous toxic gases, vapors chemical or fumes It change is solid at or STP semisolid, and when tested, creates a between 2 and 12.5 solution Compressed with gases ph 2 which or ph forms 12.5 a flammable mixture in strong air at initiating less than source, 13% heated concentration, under confinement, or which or has a spontaneously at STP flammable DOT forbidden range explosives, in air wider or Division than 12% 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 Oxidizers Leaching Procedure (TCLP) test for a set of 40 specified contaminants Includes heavy metals, solvents such as carbon tet, chloroform, cresol, PCP, PCE, and TCE, pesticides like Endrin, Heptachlor, Lindane, 2,4-D, and 2,4,5-T Materials which react violently with water, or which when Cyanide or sulfide-bearing, can generate toxic gases at ph Capable of detonation or explosive reaction if subjected to

6 HOW DO I KNOW IF I HAVE A HAZARDOUS WASTE? THE STATE OF WASHINGTON HAS TWO MORE CLASSES OF HAZARDOUS WASTES, IN ADDITION TO FEDERAL LISTED AND CHARACTERISTIC WASTES, WASHINGTON STATE HAS CREATED TWO CATEGORIES OF CRITERIA WASTE. WASHINGTON STATE S DANGEROUS WASTE REGULATIONS (WAC ) ESTABLISH SOME OF THE MOST STRINGENT WASTE DESIGNATION CRITERIA IN THE NATION.

7 HOW DO I KNOW IF I HAVE A HAZARDOUS WASTE? WASHINGTON STATE CRITERIA WASTES Toxicity Persistence Criteria: Criteria: Materials with with toxicity concentrations less than or of: equal to: LC50 Halogenated of 100 mg/l Organic for fishcompounds LD50 (HOCs) of 5,000 of 0.01% mg/kg or for more oral rat LC50 of 200 mg/l for inhalation rat LD50 of 20,000 mg/kg for dermal rabbit Sodium of more chloride than (table 1.0% salt) LD50=3,000 mg/kg (oral rat) Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH)

8 MIXTURES & SOLUTIONS Any mixture or solution can be hazardous if: It contains a listed waste as its sole active ingredient It meets the definition of any listed source or process waste (F or K list) It meets any of the hazardous characteristics, or It meets any of the Washington State hazardous criteria Mixtures cannot be made non-hazardous by dilution. When rinsing chemical containers, the rinse water must also be collected and managed as hazardous waste. When rinsing containers of Acute Hazardous Waste (P-listed), the container must be rinsed at least 3 times, and the rinse water must be managed as hazardous waste

9 GENERATOR RESPONSIBILITIES Generator : Any person whose act or process produces dangerous waste, or whose act causes a dangerous waste to become subject to regulation (i.e., someone who spills a chemical). If you work in a research laboratory, machine shop, custodial or maintenance services.this means YOU Major responsibilities: 1 Waste Minimization: Don t generate waste if it can be avoided Buy chemicals only in volume that is needed, and NO HOARDING Purchase less hazardous chemicals when possible Use microscale techniques as much as possible

10 GENERATOR RESPONSIBILITIES Plan Ahead Anticipate what wastes will be generated Properly Identify Wastes Know all constituents, and their approximate percentages Using that information, properly designate the waste based on federal lists & characteristics and state criteria. Contact EHS for assistance with waste designation. Determine what container can be used to accumulate waste Type of container plastic, glass, etc. must be compatible with the waste Size of container make sure it will contain the waste volume, leaving at least 2 of headspace Container must have secure lid. Parafilm, foil, and corks are not acceptable. Provide secondary containment when needed Do not mix waste streams each process must have its own collection container(s)

11 GENERATOR RESPONSIBILITIES Identify where waste will be accumulated Satellite Accumulation Area A location at or near the point of generation Must be under the control of the operator, or secured, at all times (to prevent unauthorized additions of waste) May accumulate up to 55 gallons of waste (total), or one quart of Acutely Hazardous Waste Must be identified with simple signage All containers must be secure and closed Incompatibles must be segregated

12 GENERATOR RESPONSIBILITIES When waste is generated Labeling Containers must be labeled when the first waste is added, with ALL of the following information: o Must have the words Hazardous Waste (or Dangerous Waste ) o Major hazard(s) must be clearly identified o Constituents & Percentages No abbreviations, no chemical formulas Must equal 100% (include water & non-hazardous ingredients) o Start date is not required. Fill date is required. Security Containers must be securely closed, except when adding waste Accumulation area must be kept secure

13 EXAMPLE LABELS This label is automatically generated by the online Chemical Collection Request form

14 EXAMPLES OF IMPROPER LABELING Problems with this container/label: Container The Date words is not has Dangerous included no lid Date Waste Chemical is not are formulas on partially label are not No obscured allowed hazard identified No hazard identified Organic Percentages waste not included is not adequate identification of constituent. Must be specific. Chemical names must be used not formulas Date must be complete include the year

15 HOW DO YOU GET LABELS? For accumulation containers: Available online on EHS website, sized for Avery 5163 selfadhesive labels Make your own but they MUST have all required information For disposal containers: Automatically generated by the online waste disposal form Add the fill date and CCR# to the accumulation container label Make your own but they MUST have all required information

16 DISPOSING OF WASTE Waste must be removed from a Satellite Accumulation Area when The container is full; or The waste will no longer be generated; or When 55 gallons of total waste, or 1 quart of Acutely Hazardous Waste, has been accumulated When container is ready to be collected for disposal: Complete Chemical Collection Request (CCR) to report waste to EHS Form is online only, accessible via EHS website Mark the container fill date on the container label Copy the CCR number onto the container label

17 REPORTING WASTE This is the chemical collection request form. When submitted, it generates a summary that can be printed and used as your container label. It notifies EHS that your waste is ready for removal.

18 SPECIAL HAZARDS PEROXIDE FORMERS Some chemicals can oxidize in storage or on concentration, forming shock and friction sensitive explosive compounds (some ethers, dioxane, THF) These must be disposed of within specific time periods after opening our disposal contractor requires testing (<20 ppm) or stabilization If you have or purchase one of these compounds, notify EHS when it is received Only purchase what can be used up in your work within the specified time periods before disposal If you discover one past disposal date, do not handle, contact EHS

19 WHAT HAPPENS TO YOUR WASTE? EHS Responsibilities: Inspect waste accumulation & generation activities & assist generators as needed Collect wastes from all areas of campus Accumulate 220<2,200 lbs of waste per month, AND <2,200 lbs of waste at any time Hazardous waste shipments 2-3 times per calendar year (Feb, June, Oct) Wastes removed by disposal contractor and shipped to facilities across the country for incineration, treatment, or burial

20 WASTEWATER DISCHARGES Governed by: WSUTC Sink Discharge Guidelines City of Richland Wastewater Discharge Permit State Hazardous Waste regulations Nothing except soap & water may be dumped down the drain unless a written approval from EHS is obtained Based on waste constituents, EHS will determine whether materials can be poured down the drain. Request a wastewater discharge application from EHS to receive a written authorization to discharge. Discharge approvals must be kept near the drain where the material is disposed.

21 WASTEWATER DISCHARGES UNAUTHORIZED DISCHARGES MAY: RESULT IN PENALTIES RESULT IN FURTHER LIMITATIONS TO BSEL PERMIT IMPACT RESEARCH AND OPERATIONS

22 DISPOSAL OF OTHER WASTES Glass waste must be triple rinsed and placed in Glass Waste container Containers must be empty Sharps such as needles and pipettes need to be placed in a Sharps container never in the garbage. Biohazard waste must be autoclaved or disposed of in other ways (incineration) None of these materials should go into the regular trash. Custodial staff will not empty garbage cans if any of the above items are noted

23 OTHER WASTES REQUIRING SPECIAL DISPOSAL OR RECYCLING Universal wastes Batteries accumulation box is located in the Copy Center Lamps (fluorescent, metal halide, high pressure sodium, neon, mercury vapor) accumulated by Facilities Maintenance Others: Used oil Antifreeze Controlled substances Radioactive waste Biohazard waste Contact EHS for assistance with disposal of any of these items

24 IN CASE OF AN EMERGENCY Call 911 if there is a danger to life or health Call to reach campus responders Emergency examples Chemical exposure to personnel Hazardous waste or chemical spill Release of a hazardous material Fire or explosion In some cases, small hazardous materials spills can be cleaned up by lab personnel. EHS should be notified of ALL spills. Any mercury releases must be cleaned up by EHS