Introduction to ESA's CCI Biomass

Transcription

1 The CCI Biomass Consortium Introduction to ESA's CCI Biomass Frank Martin Seifert

2 ESA s Climate Change Initiative (CCI) ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use Slide 2

3 Overview of ESA's CCI Biomass and Purpose of the 1st CCI Biomass User Workshop The CCI Biomass Consortium Professor Richard Lucas

4 Fate of Anthropogenic Emissions ( ) Sources Partitioning Growth rate of CO 2 Rates of CO 2 uptake E FF = GtCO 2 yr -1 (91 %) G ATM = Gt CO 2 yr -1 (44 %) S OCEAN = Gt CO 2 yr -1 (26 %) E FF + E LUC = G ATM + S OCEAN + S LAND E LUC = GtCO 2 yr -1 (9 %) S LAND = Gt CO 2 yr -1 (30 %) S LAND - Not adequately measured CO 2 sinks include response of land and ocean to elevated CO 2 & changes in climate and other environmental conditions ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use Slide 4

5 Biomass: An Essential Variable in the Earth Climate System Plants act as a storage reservoir, absorb excess atmospheric CO 2 and deliver input to soil carbon pools Highly sensitive to land use and management Vulnerable to climate change and disturbances Controls biophysical climate effects Influenced by fire with fuel loads partly controlling emissions ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use Slide 5

6 CCI Biomass Aims CCI Biomass is a three year project that aims to: a) Generate global maps of above-ground biomass (Mg ha -1 ) for four epochs (mid 1990s, , 2017/2018 and 2018/2019), with these being capable of supporting quantification of biomass change between epochs. b) Provide information that is relevant for climate and has the potential to be exploited by global carbon cycle and climate models as they develop. Fully supportive of global efforts and collaborative ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use Slide 6

7 Earth Observation Data for Retrieving Global Forest Biomass and Understanding Climatic Contributions Japanese L-band SAR ( ) BIOMASS Sensors relevant to biomass Tandem-X ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use Slide 7

8 Integrating Sensors for Improved Biomass Retrieval Landsat derived Cover (Red) ALOS PALSAR~ L-band HH (Green) and L-band HV (Blue) Peninsular Malaysia Gabon Wales, UK Australia Sweden ICESAT GLAS coloured by height, Injune, Queensland Central America ESA Structural UNCLASSIFIED classification - For Official Use Slide 8

9 Supportive Data Layers for Refining Biomass Estimates LIDAR profiles Forest Structure Water Inundation Rocky Ground Urban Areas Mangroves Global Layers ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use Slide 9

10 The Structural Development of Forests Height Based on canopy height (Simard et al. 2011; Biogeosciences) and cover (Hansen et al. 2013; Science) Global Forest structural classification Cover ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use Slide 10 Africa

11 The Structural Development of Forests 1996 (JERS-1 SAR) (ALOS PALSAR) 2010 (ALOS PALSAR & Landsat) (ALOS-2 PALSAR) Height Global Mangroves Cover Mangroves, Northern Australia ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use Slide 11 Mangrove Height Malaysia Ca no py He ig ig ht ht (Tandem-X)

12 Factors Influencing Biomass Retrieval Water Occurrence Pekel et al. (2016; Nature) Mangrove Height Malaysia (Tandem-X) SEDAC (2018) ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use Slide 12

13 Uncertainty in Biomass Retrieval Water Occurrence Pekel et al. (2016; Nature) SEDAC (2018) ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use Slide 13

14 Integrating Environmental Variables into Land Cover and Change Classifications Land Cover Classifications Generated from Environmental Variables according to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) Land Cover Classification System (LCCS) and derived from Environmental Variables with unit quantities (e.g., m, %, days) Tree cover density (2000) Tree cover density (2010) 10 m LCCS Classification (Wales, UK) Cover change ( ) Trees closed canopy (>70-60 %) tall (14-30 m) continuous broadleaved evergreen with 2 nd layer supporting open canopy 7-3 m in height; Above Ground Biomass of 210 Mg ha -1 ; dominated by Pinus sylvestris) Lucas and Mitchell (2017) ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use Slide 14

15 Linking with other ESA CCIs Inputs to land cover descriptions Sea level impacts on mangrove biomass snow cover cci Fire impacts on biomass Impact on biomass retrieval algorithms Contributions to GHG emissions ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use Slide 15

16 CCI Biomass: Global Plant Biomass Facility Mobile Data Collection Land cover and environmental variables (including tree to stand level biomass) consistently captured in near real time Existing Biomass Databases (e.g., FOS) ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use Slide 16

17 ESA s Climate Change Initiative: User Requirements Climate Modelling Climate Adaption and Mitigation Carbon Science (including Modelling) Climate Modelling Earth Observation In Situ ci-biomass-workshop-public ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use Slide 17

18 Tuesday 25 th September - Session 1. Agenda ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use Slide 18