Smart Integration of High Efficient Fuel Cells in Heating Systems

Transcription

1 Power Home Smart Integration of High Efficient Fuel Cells in Heating Systems Bosch Thermotechnik GmbH Uwe Limbeck f-cell,

2 Fuel Cell fits to German Energiewende Up to 50 % CO 2 savings Fuel Cell Supports Variations of Regenerative e Energies Energy Plus Home Reduces Costs for grid upgrade 380/220 kv 110 kv Bosch Fuel Cell μchp Power to Gas E-Home Filling Station 20/10 kv 400 V High Efficient Fuel Cell Technology for Combined Heat and Power Fits to Future Energy Trends 2

3 Bosch Experience in FC μchp Development Initial Benchmarking Focus on SOFC Start development in Business Unit Signing JEA Aisin PEM Buderus Stack 1 kw PEM Field Test 4.6 kw PEM Lab System 1 kw SOFC Evaluation 1 kw SOFC System Proven: =55% SOFC μkwk sstem system with Aisin μchp at TT Bosch Fuel Cell CHP Experience since

4 Advantages of Aisin Fuel Cell Technology Lifetime: Low degradation rate enables h operating time Field Test Degradation / Lifetime Source: Aisin 2013 Experience: 88 installed units in Jp field tests 1200 units sold since market introduction in JP in 04/2012 Sta ack Voltage [% %] Operating hours [h] Proven lifetime basis to start product development of μchp 4

5 Robustness of Aisin Fuel Cell Technology Startup/ Shutdown: Proven Startup / Shutdown cycles fit to Bosch μchp robustness requirements for EU Market. Efficiency: 44 % electrical efficiency proven Even in part load better than competing CHP technologies Potential to obtain > 50 % Po ower Generat tion Decrease [% %] Startup / Shutdown Cycles Source: Aisin Number [-] Efficiency Proven Robustness of fuel cell systems enables customer oriented operating strategy of μchp 5

6 Buderus Energy Centre Logapower FC10 1) Solid Oxide Fuel Cell System Power and Heat Production Power 700 W Heat 700 W el 45 % tott 90 % Fuel NG (H-Gas, L-Gas) Lifetime h Cooperation with Aisin Seiki Buffer Tank High Annual Operation Volume 150 L Condensing Boiler GBH172 Heat for Peak Loads Heat: 14 / 24 kw Innovation Award 2011, 21. OTTI Symp. Thermische Solarenergie Domestic Hot Water Tank Customer Comfort Volume 75 L N L 1,1 / 2,1 System Approach for Easy Installation 6 1) Junkers: Heimkraftwerk Cerapower FC10

7 Fuel Cell Heat for Heating 1. Fuel Cell Heat of power generation is always stored in buffer tank. SOFC Boiler 2. In Case of heat demand, boiler checks at first temperature in buffer tank If hot: burner stays off If Cold: burner on to provide requested flow temperature. Buffer tank Domestic Hot Water tank Fuel Cell provides heat directly to heating water circuit at high temperature level 70 C. 7

8 Fuel Cell Heat for Domestic Hot Water 1. Fuel Cell: Heat of power generation is always stored in buffer tank. 2. To charge domestic hot water tank, boiler checks at first temperature in buffer tank If hot: burner stays off If Cold: burner on to provide requested flow temperature. 3. Domestic hot water tank provides maximum comfort to end customer. SOFC Buffer tank Boiler Domestic Hot Water tank 8 Direct Charging g of domestic hot water tank with heat rom buffer tank. Enabler: Fuel Cell heats water to > 70 C

9 μchp System Operation System analysis proves continuous operation in winter and summer for old and new houses time wise part load operation. [ C] eturn Temp Pow wer [W] R Winter Operation Old House New House Time, [Days] Benefits: Limited number of startup/ shutdown cycles Power generation beneficial for economics Suitable for big market Summer Operation Old House New House Time, [Days] High electric efficiency allows for continuous operation and > 5000 kwh el annual power generation 9

10 EU Demonstration Project Ene.field Largest European demonstration of fuel cell micro-chp 26 partners including 9 manufacturers, utilities, research institutes and universities Coordinated by Cogen Europe Up to 1,000 residential Fuel Cell units in 12 countries Funded by the partners with support from the Fuel Cells and Hydrogen Joint Undertaking (FCH JU) Bosch contribution 70 fuel cell heating systems in 4 countries Installation starting from mid 2014 Demonstration project from

11 Interactions of Heating Systems with Elec. Grid? 11

12 Challenge: Voltage Level in Low Voltage Grid PPV= 4.5kW PPV= 3.5kW PPV= 4kW Generators connected to a feeder increase voltage level. U U k Allowed voltage range 04kV 0.4kV 10/20kV PHP= 5kW PHP= 5kW PHP= 4kW Loads connected to a feeder decrease voltage level. Voltage Level is Critical Technical Parameter in Low Voltage Grids 12

13 Voltage Profile Characteristic CHP and HP (existing suburban grid with 170 houses) 230 Penetrations with Heat Pumps Penetrations with CHP (34 Heat Pumps) 242 e [V] Voltag Time [days] Voltag ge [V] Time [days] 30% (51/170 houses) Heat Pumps in In a grid with 20% Heat Pumps, a similar exemplary suburban grid cause undervoltage number of CHPs reduce under-voltage outside EN regulations. issues significantly. 13 Voltage issues due to 30% penetration with Heat Pump can be solved with CHP. Rough Guide: 1 kw el Fuel Cell CHP per 1 kw el Heat Pump CHP: Combined heat and Power HP: Heat Pump

14 Summary Bosch is developing robust and efficient SOFC μchp Tower arrangement allows for Plug & Play installation The power generating heating systems is well embedded in development strategy. Combination Fuel Cell, E-Mobility, PV in Research House 14