MINUTES OF THE SEMINAR

Transcription

1 Joint EANET-EMEP Seminar Integrated Modelling and Monitoring Approach for the Assessment of Long-Range Transboundary Atmospheric Pollution in the EANET Region 1-2 November 2005, Moscow, Russia Page 1 MINUTES OF THE SEMINAR I. INTRODUCTION 1. The Joint Acid Deposition Monitoring Network in East Asia (EANET) - Cooperative Programme for Monitoring and Evaluation of the Long-range Transmissions of Air Pollutants in Europe (EMEP) Seminar on "Integrated Modelling and Monitoring Approach for the Assessment of Long-range Transboundary Atmospheric Pollution Transport in the EANET Region" took place on 1-2 November 2005 in Golitsyno, Moscow, Russia. It was organized by the EANET Secretariat, the United Nations Environment Programme, Regional Resource Centre for Asia and the Pacific (UNEP RRC.AP) and the Federal Service for Hydrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring of Russia (Roshydromet) in close cooperation with the Meteorological Synthesizing Center East of EMEP (EMEP/MSC-E) and the Development and Environment Foundation (DEF), Russia. 2. Representatives of Cambodia, Japan, Lao PDR, Malaysia, Mongolia, Republic of Korea, Russia, Thailand, Viet Nam, Secretariat and the Network Center (NC) of EANET, United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE), Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme (AMAP) participated in the Seminar as well as scientists from research organisations of EMEP: Chemical Coordinating Centre (EMEP/CCC), Meteorological Centre West (EMEP/MSC-W), Meteorological Synthesizing Centre East (EMEP/MSC-E). The List of Participants is attached in Annex I. 3. The main aim of the Seminar was to exchange views of mutual interest in the field of measurements, emissions and modelling and to discuss future cooperation between EANET and EMEP in model application to air quality assessment based on the meteorological data, emission inventories and air quality measurements. II. SUMMARY OF THE SEMINAR 4. Mr. Alexander Frolov, Deputy Head of Roshydromet, Vice-President of Commission for Atmospheric Sciences of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) welcomed the Joint EANET and EMEP Seminar. He emphasized the important role of this workshop to integrate the efforts of the countries involved in different regional programmes (EMEP, EANET, AMAP) as well as international organizations,

2 Page 2 WMO in particular, aimed at assessing the impacts of anthropogenic emission of pollutants to the atmosphere and wished a success in the workshops deliberations. 5. Ms. Adelaida Roman (EANET Secretariat), Ms. Brinda Wachs (UNECE CLRTAP Secretariat), and Mr. Yury Sychev (AMAP Secretariat) informed about structure, goals and activities of their programmes. Monitoring (convener, Mr. Kjetil Tørseth, EMEP/CCC) 6. Mr. Kjetil Tørseth presented the EMEP monitoring programme and its cooperation with EANET. He introduced the new Task Force on Hemispheric Transport of Air Pollution, and its ambition to include programmes outside CLRTAP. He also informed the meeting of the current developments of the monitoring capacity in the EECCA region. 7. Mr. Sergey Gromov, NC, presented EANET activities concerned an assessment of atmospheric acid pollution in the EANET region based on monitoring data. He introduced the outline of monitoring network, procedure and mechanism of data dissemination, process of the preparation of the First Periodic Report on the State of Acid Deposition in East Asia. The joint research study on the atmospheric environment in Russian East was presented as an example of data assessment supported by additional resources. 8. Representatives of the EANET countries Ms. Seong (Rep. of Korea), Ms. Urban (Malaysia), Ms. Surapipth (Thailand), Mr. Son (Vietnam), Mr. Bayar (Mongolia), Ms. Ginzburg (Russia), Mr. Ken (Cambodia), as well as representative from Kazakhstan, Mr. Bultekov, informed the meeting of their national monitoring activities. 9. The following discussion addressed the future cooperation between EANET and EMEP: - The harmonization and comparability of methodologies are required by both networks; the meeting suggested to encourage the participation in international interlaboratory comparisons, and to consider joint field intercomparisons in the future. - It was noted that the Russian EMEP sites were located towards the western border of country while their EANET sites located in the Far East Asian region and that there was a lack of sites in the central parts of Russia. Additional sites would thus be of high value to further link the EMEP and EANET monitoring networks, and for the validation of hemispheric scale models. The difficulties in funding such an extension of governmental support were noted. At the same

3 Page 3 time, the expected establishment of new sites in Central Asia would be very useful. - The need for super sites was highlighted, and the potential for attracting addition research funding to support this development was discussed. Harmonization with WMO-GAW with respect to joint super sites was considered as important. The usefulness of low-cost methods was also discussed. - In the future both programmes could further strengthen the technical collaboration related to training and capacity building, including the exchange of relevant information, attendance at relevant task force meetings and workshops etc. - It was commented that it would be very important to have the EMEP manual for sampling and chemical analysis translated into Russian in order to facilitate its use in the Russian speaking region. Emissions inventories (convener, Ms. Brinda Wachs, CLRTAP Secretariat) 10. Ms. Brinda Wachs presented information on emission inventories in the framework of EMEP. She introduced the Emission Reporting Guidelines, the EMEP/CORINAIR Emission Inventory Guidebook, and informed on the activities of the Convention s Task Force on Emission Inventories and Projections (TFEIP). She noted that the Implementation Committee of the Convention was increasingly concerned with the quality of submitted emission data and that the Task Force had initiated an Emission Inventory Review and Improvement Programme focused on data quality assurance. 11. Ms. Olga Rozovskaya (MSC-E) and Mr. Vladimir Tsibulskiy gave an overview of EMEP/CORINAIR Atmospheric Emissions Inventory Guidebook. Structure of the Guidebook was highlighted and some requirements for usage of emission inventories for modelling were formulated. Ms. Rozovskaya emphasized the importance of global emission inventories for assessment of the pollutants with high persistence in the atmosphere. Mr. Tsibulskiy drew attention to emission inventory methods applied in Western Europe and in CIS (Commonwealth of Independent States) countries; the procedures of emissions inventory in Russia; an application of EMEP/CORINAIR Atmospheric Emission Inventory Guidebook for emission inventory in Russia; approaches for the choice of suitable emission factors; further development of the Guidebook for using in countries in transitions. 12. Mr. Oleg Travnikov (MSC-E) presented an analysis of completeness and consistency

4 Page 4 of emissions data officially submitted by EMEP countries to the CLRTAP convention from the point of view of air pollution modelling activity. It was demonstrated that in spite of significant progress in emission reporting, the available official emission data are incomplete and do not contain some characteristics required for modelling. Besides, a comparison of official emission data with observations and available expert estimates demonstrates that anthropogenic emissions of Pb and Cd in Europe are significantly underestimated. Analysis of discrepancies between the official emissions and expert estimates could be helpful for further development of emissions inventories. 13. Ms. Adelaida B. Roman (EANET Secretariat) informed on her experiences with emission inventories in the Philippines. She emphasized the need for cooperation among different agencies in emission inventory works. 14. Ms. Vanisa Surapipith (Thailand) reported on some experiences of collecting emission data in Thailand, noting that updating of emission databases at different time and with varying pollutants was difficult. Certain initial emission database was prepared in cooperation with SIDA (Swedish International Development Agency) and JICA (Japan International Cooperation Agency). A recent workshop on biomass burning covered emission inventories. A training workshop on emission inventories and modelling for acid deposition assessment will be held from 15 January to 3 February 2006 in Bangkok. 15. The Convener summarized the following points, which were agreed by the Workshop: - The experiences of EMEP in collecting emission data and using them for modelling purposes were considered interesting and useful for EANET. EANET recognized, in particular, the potential usefulness of the tools and methods devised under the Convention s Task Force on Emission Inventories and Projections (TFEIP) and would make use of the Guidebook, the Emission Reporting Guidelines, and would study the emission reporting procedures used by Parties to the Convention, such as the electronic reporting templates, REPDAB and WEBDAB. - The participation in EMEP Task Force meetings was strongly encouraged, especially in TFEIP, TFMM and the new Task Force on Hemispheric Transport of Air Pollution (TFHTAP). - It was reiterated that due to limited resources and political and institutional restraints, it was important for EANET countries to use existing data and institutions in place in developing future emission inventories.

5 Page 5 Modelling (convener, Mr. Sergey Dutchak, EMEP/MSC-E) 16. Mr. Sergey Dutchak informed participants of the main goals of modelling activity under EMEP. 17. Mr. Ilia Ilyin (EMEP/MSC-E) presented information about regional-scale modelling of heavy metals. It was emphasized that both modelling and monitoring should be used together for assessment of regional-scale pollution levels, because some aspects of atmospheric pollution cannot be reproduced by measurements alone. Output data produced by models includes the spatial distribution of pollution levels, ecosystem-dependent depositions, long-term tendencies of pollution and information about transboundary transport of pollutants. 18. Mr. Victor Shatalov (EMEP/MSC-E) described monitoring-modelling approach used within EMEP for evaluation of pollution levels of POPs in Europe. He gave a short description of the structure of regional version of MSCE-POP model and presented examples of model output: spatial distribution of concentrations and deposition, long-term trends of contamination, redistribution of a pollutant between environmental media, source-receptor relationships and evaluation of new substances. He stressed that POP model should be necessarily multi-compartment for encountering long-term accumulation and subsequent re-emission. In conclusion he emphasized that for some POPs with high persistence in the atmosphere a modelling at hemispheric/global scale is necessary for evaluation of POP pollution in the European region. 19. Mr. Alexey Gusev (EMEP/MSC-E) continued the presentation on modelling of POPs within EMEP. For some POPs which have significant long-range transport potential it is necessary to evaluate their fate on the hemispheric/global scale. There is a hemispheric multi-compartment MSCE-POP model which is developed for evaluation of POP intercontinental transport and accumulation in environmental compartments (atmosphere, soil, seawater, vegetation). The model structure is similar to the regional MSCE-POP model. Computed air concentrations of POPs obtained with hemispheric MSCE-POP model are of a reasonable agreement with available measurements. The results on PCBs, HCHs, and B[a]P have been presented for illustration of model performance. 20. Mr. Oleg Travnikov (MSC-E) discussed peculiarities of mercury long-range transport modelling. Results of model simulations of mercury airborne pollution in the Northern Hemisphere were presented along with estimates of the intercontinental transport of mercury. It was demonstrated that mercury is a global pollutant and is required to be considered at the hemispheric or global scale. From this point of view

6 Page 6 the atmospheric modelling supplies efficient tools for evaluation of pollution levels both in industrially developed and remote regions (e.g. the Arctic). 21. Mr. Alexey Ryaboshapko (Institute of Global Climate and Ecology, Roshydromet and RAS) presented information on successful experience of usage of Community Multi-scale Air Quality (CMAQ) model to assess atmospheric pollution within EANET region by acidifying compounds done under the cooperation with EMEP/MSC-E. It was demonstrated that the highest concentration and deposition values were characteristic of Chinese, Korean and Japanese territories. According to model calculations dry depositions can contribute of 30-50% to total deposition. It was shown that sulfur and nitrogen depositions are at the levels of critical loads accepted in Europe. It was stressed that detail distribution of concentration dry depositions can be obtained using only modeling approach. 22. Mr. Jan Eiof Jonson (EMEP/MSC-W) presented results of application of the Unified EMEP model. He demonstrated model results of sulphate and ozone for the years 2002 and 2003, and also trends for the years 1990 to 2002 of the same pollutants. Substantial reductions in both measured and calculated sulphate were indicated as a result of considerable emission reductions. Trends of ozone are differed depending on season and region. In general winter concentrations have increased. Their increase is partially caused by an increase in background ozone and partially by less titration as NOx levels have been reduced. Finally he showed some preliminary results and sensitivity studies of hemispheric modelling. III. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FUTURE COOPERATION 23. The Seminar emphasized that more close cooperation between EMEP and EANET in the field of monitoring, emission inventories and atmospheric modelling at regional and hemispheric scale is most welcomed and needed to be promoted. 24. The participants called upon EMEP to share its experience and to provide EANET Secretariat with the following documents that could be useful for further activity under EANET and data harmonization: - The EMEP monitoring strategy (Background document with justification and specification of the EMEP monitoring programme ) (EMEP/CCC report 9/2003) - Joint EMEP/CORINAIR Atmospheric emission inventory guidebook - Guidelines for estimating and reporting emission data (EB.AIR/GE/1/2002/7) - Technical reports of MSC-W and MSC-E on modelling issues. 25. The meeting noted that it could be useful and interesting for both programmes to

7 Page 7 organize a series of training workshops: - Joint EMEP/EANET training workshop on monitoring and modelling - Joint EMEP/EANET workshop on training in the use of the EMEP/CORINAIR Atmospheric emission inventory guidebook 26. It was noted to encourage the participation of the Secretariat, Network Center and national experts of the EANET countries in the following EMEP Task Forces: - Task Force on Emission Inventories and Projections - Task Force on Measurements and Modelling - Task Force on Hemispheric Transport of Air Pollution 27. It was also emphasized to improve exchange of information on new monitoring techniques, including low-cost passive samplers, on new pollutants to be monitored and on the effects of air pollutants on human health and the environment.

8 Joint EANET-EMEP Seminar Integrated Modelling and Monitoring Approach for the Assessment of Long-Range Transboundary Atmospheric Pollution in the EANET Region 1-2 November 2005, Moscow, Russia Page 8 Annex I List of the Participants EANET Participating Countries Cambodia Dr. Ken Choviran Deputy Director, Head of the National Center Department of Pollution Control Ministry of Environment Japan Dr. Ueda Hiromasa Director General Acid Deposition and Oxidant Research Center Lao PDR Ms. Sisouphanht Luangrath Director of Environment Quality Monitoring Center Science Technology and Environment Agency Malaysia Ms. Urban Siniarovina Meteorological officer Malaysian Meteorological Department Mongolia Mr. Bayar Erdembileg Engineer Central Laboratory of Environmental Monitoring

9 Page 9 Republic of Korea Ms. Seong Ji Won Deputy Director Ministry of Environment Thailand Dr. Surapipith Vanisa Environmental Officer Pollution Control Department Vietnam Dr. Son Duong Hong Director Center for Environmental Research Institute of Meteorology and Hydrology EANET Secretariat UNEP RRC.AP c/o Asian Institute of Technology Dr. Jiang Wei Coordinator Ms. Adelaida B. Roman Programme Officer EANET Network Center Dr. Sergey Gromov Deputy Director General Acid Deposition and Oxidant Research Center

10 Page 10 EMEP Ms. Brinda Wachs Environmental Affairs Officer CLRTAP Environment and Human Settlements Division United Nations Economic Commission for Europe Dr. Kjetil Tørseth Head of the EMEP Chemical Coordinating Centre Director Department of Regional and Global Pollution Issues Norwegian Institute for Air Research Dr. Jan Eiof Jonson Scientist Norwegian Meteorological Institute Meteorological Synthesizing Center East EMEP/MSC-E Dr. Sergey Dutchak Director Dr. Alexey Gusev Dr. Ilia Ilyin Ms. Olga Rozovskaya Prof. Viktor Shatalov Dr. Oleg Travnikov Ms. Marina Varygina Deputy Director

11 Page 11 AMAP Mr. Yuri Sychev Deputy Secretary AMAP Secretariat Republic of Kazakhstan Mr. Nurken Bultekov Head Department of Environmental Information Environmental Monitoring Centre (Kazhydromet) Russian Participants Roshydromet Federal Service for Hydrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring Mr. Valery Chelukanov Head Department of Environmental Pollution Ms. Marina Kotlyakova Deputy Head Division of Chemical Environmental Monitoring Department of Environmental Pollution Development and Environment Foundation (DEF) Dr. Alexander Ginzburg Director of DEF Deputy Director Institute of Atmospheric Physics RAS

12 Page 12 Institute of Global Climate and Ecology, Roshydromet and RAS Dr. Alexey Ryaboshapko Chief Scientific Sector for Monitoring of Transboundary Pollution Ms. Veronika Ginzburg Coordinator Russian NFP of EANET Researcher Ms. Irina Bruskina Researcher Dr. Sergey Paramonov Researcher Ms. Elena Gritcan PhD student Resource persons Dr. Vladimir Tsibulskiy Head Department of emission sources monitoring Scientific research institute Atmosphere