Energy Efficiency A Major Challenge for Future City Infrastructure. Dr. Fritz Rettberg Sydney

Transcription

1 Energy Efficiency A Major Challenge for Future City Infrastructure Dr. Fritz Rettberg Sydney

2 Agenda Introduction Challenges in the urban power system Potentials for Energy Efficiency in the urban supply infrastructure Digitalisation enables smart urban Infrastructure Conclusion and outlook

3 Institute of Energy Systems Grid dynamics and stability Measurement and automation systems Transmission grid and energy markets Distribution grid planning and operation SGTL & E-Mobility Power electronics, PQ & energy efficiency

4 Smart Grid Technology Lab

5 Challenges in the Urban Power System Rettberg Energy Efficiency

6 Fast growth, urbanisation, economical issues and ecological sustainability Rapid growth puts the urban infrastructure under pressure and makes it difficult to maintain the quality of life of urban residents Higher need to manage carbon footprint and improve sustainability Improving the quality of life index is more crucial than ever for the preservation and attraction of trade, business and talent The ability to manage the urban infrastructure increasingly defines social, ecological and economic success. The "intelligent" electricity grid is a necessary condition!

7 Transformation of Energy Systems Power import and export NETWORK LEVEL 1 Transmission grid Extra high voltage 380/220kV Pump storage Nuclear power Coal NETWORK LEVEL 2 Transformation in open air switchgears NETWORK LEVEL 3 Transregional distribution grids High voltage 110kV Substation Coal Water power Large scale industry NETWORK LEVEL 4 Transformation in open air and closed switchgears NETWORK LEVEL 5 Regional distribution grids Medium voltage 30kV, 20kV, 10kV Substation Water power Industry NETWORK LEVEL 6 Transformation in closed substations NETWORK LEVEL 7 Households Local distribution grid Low voltage 0,4kV Local network station 2017 May 16 7

8 Transformation of Energy Systems Power import and export NETWORK LEVEL 1 Transmission grid Extra high voltage 380/220kV Pump storage Nuclear power Coal Offshore wind NETWORK LEVEL 2 Transformation in open air switchgears NETWORK LEVEL 3 Transregional distribution grids High voltage 110kV Substation Natural gas Water power Wind Large scale industry NETWORK LEVEL 4 Transformation in open air and closed switchgears NETWORK LEVEL 5 Regional distribution grids Medium voltage 30kV, 20kV, 10kV Substation Photovoltaics Biomass Water power Wind Industry NETWORK LEVEL 6 Transformation in closed substations NETWORK LEVEL 7 Local distribution grid Low voltage 0,4kV Storage Wind power Substation Households CHP plant Heat pumps Photovoltaics E-mobility 2017 May 16 8

9 Capacity (GW) Energy Efficiency as a necessary condition Renewable power supply and load, January to February 2050 (based on Meteo year 2006) Pumped storages today: 0,04 TWh (vs. 30 TWh needed) Source: Nitsch, Sterner et al., 2010, BMU Leitszenarien Zwischenbericht

10 Potentials for Energy Efficiency in the Urban Supply Infrastructure Rettberg Energy Efficiency

11 Sources of Energy Efficiency in urban supply infrastructure

12 Energy Efficient Buildings and Districts

13 Energy Efficiency potentials in smart districts and buildings Household loads, heat, cold, storage and mobility behavior Secondary Analysis Categorisation of production facilities Categorisation of energy efficiency measures Calculation of local renewable potential Calculation of regional renewable potential Calculation of additional load and supply Simulation of load and supply profiles Energy purchase costs Classification of metering approach Standard load profile vs. recording consumption metering can cause changes in cost structure and level Classification of changes in costs Grid fee Measuring costs Higher peak load affects tariffs Increase in the connected load leads to costs for investment compensation

14 0:00 2:15 4:30 6:45 9:00 11:15 13:30 15:45 18:00 20:15 22:30 Electrical power Holistic Optimisation Approach Purchase Load + = Increase energy efficiency Optimise investments Optimise production processes Optimise mobility and logistics Optimise energy purchase Support site selection Load/kWh CHP Load profile, production, feed-in Time PV PV Last Load Speicher Storage

15 Future urban power system

16 Energy Management City-wide Energy Management Intelligent bundling of smart building components Monitor and control load flows, generation, storage, RES and conventional feed in Purchase Use EVs as dynamic energy storage Enable degrees of freedom for optimization and flexibility Cost reduction Carbon dioxide reduction Enhancement of secure supply Enhancement of overall efficiency Local ancillary services for micro grids Ancillary services from the distribution grid

17 Digitalisation enables Smart Urban Infrastructure Headline Times 33 pt Subline Arial 20pt 17

18 Sector Coupling Heat storage Electricity sector 1 Heat sector Gas sector Gas storage 1 Power-to-heat 2 Power-to-gas (electricity storage) 3 Power-to-gas (heat storage) 4 Power-to-gas (fuel storage) Fuel storage 4 Mobility sector 5 E-mobility 6 Power-to-liquid (fuel storage)

19 Monitoring and managing urban supply infrastructure

20 Monitoring and managing urban supply infrastructure

21 Monitoring and managing urban supply infrastructure

22 Old World: C C C C C C C C C System Operator I System Operator II. System Operator n New World: Plattform Buildings Energy Mobility

23 Breaking the silos State Smart Smart Mobility & EV- Estimation Application Lighting Application Parking Application Logistics Application Charging Application Park & Charge District EMS CONNECTED CITY HORIZONTAL SERVICES Energy Monitor Shared Spaces... E-Car Sharing Energy Trading Objects Objects Objects Objects Objects Objects Objects Objects Objects Objects Objects Objects Objects Objects Objects Objects Objects Objects Objects Objects

24 Conclusion and Outlook Headline Times 33 pt Subline Arial 20pt 24

25 Conclusion Energy efficiency: Holistic approach including renewables, autoproduction of heat and power etc. Decision making complexity rises Smart tools are needed to support system operations (esp. for smart factory units) Distribution grid: Many new Smart Grid Technologies are being applied Measurement devices are needed in MV/LV Adaptive State Estimation System is required for many applications Ancillary services: Distribution Grids provide Ancillary Services for Power System Operation Local control concepts vs. centralized control concepts Interface between DSOs and TSOs must be developed Sectoral balance Further development of sector coupling technologies needed High potentials for power-to-x must be raised Improvement of existing technologies to increase the overall efficiency of power-to-x

26 Outlook

27 THANK YOU! Dr. Jan Fritz Rettberg TU Dortmund University ie³ Institute of Energy Systems, Energy Efficiency and Energy Economics