Landfill Gas Recovery and Power Generation in Ghabawi Landfill. Amman, Jordan

Transcription

1 Landfill Gas Recovery and Power Generation in Ghabawi Landfill Amman, Jordan

2 Municipal Solid Waste Management Elements in Greater Amman Municipality (GAM) and Size of Operations Sweeping (1000 km main streets and 4000 workers). Collection Operation (27 Districts, 1683 km 2 total area, 24/7, 100 % coverage, 230 collection vehicles, and m 3 containers). Transfer and Transport ( 3 transfer stations). Ghabawi Landfill (2300 ton/day). Recycling (GAM supports local NGOs in their recycling initiatives). Jordan Biogas (Landfill gas collection wells and biogas plant at the older Russiefeh Landfill, 50 % owned by GAM).

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4 Ghabawi Landfill Site Ghabawi landfill is an engineered Landfill located in eastern Amman. Site-selection has been conducted as per international standards. The size of the site is 2000,000 m 2 of semi-flat area with a general slope of 1.4% SE-NW. The nearest residential area is 8 km from the site. The site lays in low permeability soils, the water table is at 200 m below ground level. The site is sited downwind of residential areas and has a Low amount of precipitation and high evaporation rate.

5 Ghabawi

6 Ghabawi Landfill Design Excavated Cell type of landfill (10 m excavation depth). 9 cells with potential service time beyond Liner system (GCL, HDPE geomembrane, and protection geotextile). Leachate collection system (Drainage gravel, HDPE slotted pipes, and filtration geotextile). Leachate treatment (Aeration, sedimentation, and filtration). Administrative building and service 4-lanes highway.

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9 Size of Operation Ghabawi landfill receives an average of 120 trucks per day hauling on average 2300 Tons which is roughly 19 Tons/Day/Truck. Operating Machinery include steel-wheeled compactors, track-dozers, loaders, water tanks, and trucks. Cell # 1 has a total waste mass of 3.5 million ton. Cell # 2 has been operated since March 20 th, The in-place waste is about 700,000 Ton ( 30% of Design Capacity). Cell # 3 will begin operation in September, 2010.

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11 Ghabawi Landfill Gas Recovery Project Activity The purpose of the project activity is to reduce the greenhouse gas emission from Ghabawi landfill by extraction of the landfill gas (LFG) and utilization of the methane (CH 4 ) for energy purposes. Replacing fossil fuel by use of LFG will furthermore reduce the carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emission from power stations. Landfill gas recovery and power generation project will start in November, 2009 under a 5-years term DBO Scheme contract for Cells # 1, 2, and 3 (Phase # 1). Contribution to Sustainable Development: 15% of CER Revenues will be allocated to Environmental Protection programs managed by the Ministry of Environment. The project is now under validation.

12 Project Participants The emissions reduction purchase agreement (ERPA) is valued between 8 and 9.5 million Euros.

13 Project Boundary Activity

14 Technology of the Project Activity Completed cell restored to the appropriate grades. Capping system. Leachate recirculation system. Vertical extraction wells and piping network (488 wells with an average depth of 21 m) [140 wells for Phase # 1]. Gas pump/compressor and gas treatment system (10,000 m3/hr) [3000 m3/hr for Phase # 1]. Enclosed flare units. Gas/engine generator sets (18 MW) [6 MW for Phase # 1]. Control, regulation, and monitoring system.

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17 Project Activity Baseline Scenarios Alternative 0: Existing situation. The current situation continues without extraction and utilization of the LFG for flaring or energy purposes. Alternative 1: Flaring. The landfill can be equipped with a gas extraction system and the gas will be flared. Alternative 2: Electricity Production. The landfill can be equipped with a gas extraction system and gas engine/generator units for electricity production. Conclusion: Implementation of the proposed project without CDM revenues is not the economical most attractive and there are no regulatory requirement to recover and utilize landfill gas. This means that the project is not part of the baseline scenario and thus the project is additional.

18 Landfill gas recovery and power generation system operation Once waste placement operations are completed, the cell will be restored to appropriate levels, capped by soil and geo-synthetics. The extraction system consists of vertical perforated pipes (Wells), The wells will be drilled with a diameter of 600 mm and perforated vertical plastic pipes (HDPE - high density polyethylene) will be inserted and surrounded by gravel in the wells. In this manner gas will be extracted from the surrounding waste. manifolds will be placed on the landfill where the pipes from the individual wells can be connected before a main collection pipe lead the gas to a gas transmission pipeline leading the LFG to the pump/compressor system.

19 Landfill gas recovery and power generation system operation Gas pumps or compressors are placed in a pump station from where the LFG is sucked from the landfill and under pressure fed into the gas engine/generator units as well as the flare. From the pump station the LFG is pressed to the utilization system consisting of a gas engine/generator units as well as a flare. First priority is to use the LFG in gas engine/generator units and the excess burned of in flare. The engines run a power generator that produce electricity and are connected to a transformer station from where the electricity is delivered to the grid.

20 Main Reasons that LFG Projects Tend to Deliver Less CERs than PDDs Forecasts Estimations from too-optimistic models due to lack of experience and insufficient attention paid to the project environment; High leachate levels and/or unstable waste mass, which negatively affect the generation and collection of LFG; Delays in implementing the LFG system as well as in equipping the site with appropriate CER monitoring and recording equipment; and Poor design and operation.

21 Estimated amount of emission reductions over the chosen crediting period:

22 Thanks Ahmad G. Alhyasat Project Manager Amman Solid Waste Management Greater Amman Municipality