Pilot Demonstration on Membranes for Post-combustion CO 2 Capture

Transcription

1 Pilot Demonstration on Membranes for Post-combustion CO 2 Capture TCCS-9, June 12-14th, 2017 Xuezhong He, Arne Lindbråthen, May-Britt Hägg* Department of Chemical Engineering, NTNU 1 11 June 2017

2 The long road from lab to pilot The basic idea Brief introduction Moving up on the TRL ladder The pilot project at Tiller in Trondheim Challenges faced 2 11 June 2017

3 Basic facts about the FSC-PVAm membrane ph=4 ph=6 The ph of the casting solution Determine the relative amounts of free amino groups and the corresponding ammonium salts ph=8 Feed B (N 2, O 2 ) Selective layer l B Support Permeate B D D J c c c c l l Ac,,0,,0, A A A A l AC AC l CO 2 CO 2 H 2 O HCO 3 - NH 2 NH 3 + CO 2 H 2 O NH 2 CO 2 1st term: Fickian diffusion, 2nd term: facilitated transport PVAm 3 11 June 2017

4 slowly crawling up the TRL ladder 1st step ( 2008): Lab, diameter 5-7 cm 2012: starts spinning HFs at NTNU Tests with the small flat sheet pilot in Portugal Norcem cement plant, Norway 2014: Join forces With Air Products Support fibers December 2016, Air Products licensed the technology 4 11 June 2017

5 The TRL ladder as defined in EU Air Products took over the technology to the next step Two-stage We are here, validating with 1 stage, 8.4 m 2 membrane 5 11 June 2017

6 The test site at Tiller owned by Project: FSC II Partners: NTNU (coordinator) Statoil Air Prod. & Chemicals Inc Alberta Innovates Tiller CO2-lab is a test site for various capture technologies. In picture, a 30-meter-high CO 2 absorber/desorber pilot rig with a capacity of absorbing 50 kg CO 2 /h. Main funder: Gassnova Subcontractors: SINTEF, DNV GL 6 11 June 2017

7 Pilot membrane system-fsc2 project Tested at Sintef CO2 lab Tiller, Trondheim 7 11 June 2017

8 Flue gas at Tiller- propane burner FACTS 1. The CO2 concentration is around 8-9 vol%, higher conc. can be achieved by adding pure CO2 (e.g.,13%). Gas flow 50 Nm 3 /h (compressor capacity) 2. Temperature and feed / permeate pressure can be easily controlled 3. Small commercial HF modules ( 8.4m 2 ) (AP) CHALLENGES 1. Membrane may not be so efficient for the lowest concentration (8%) 2. No challenges expected with water condensation 3. Using low feed pressure, put high demands on good feed flow distribution in module 4. The HF-modules are designed for other type of applications must be coated with PVAm at NTNU, new methods must be developed 4. Fibers are being coated in-situ in the membrane module challenging 8 11 June 2017

9 Membrane operating conditions - Tiller Feed gas concentration: % CO 2, 6-9% O 2 balanced with N 2 highly humidified gas Feed pressure: bar Vacuum permeate side: mbar, Temperature: C, Feed flow: 10-50Nm 3 /h. Pure CO 2 can be added to achieve higher feed concentrations 9 11 June 2017

10 Document facilitated transport mechanism 40 y = 90x CO 2 flux, NL/(m 2.h) FSC S-D 10 CO2 flux model fitting FSC membrane S-D membrane Driving force, bar D D J c c c c l l Ac,,0,,0, A A A A l AC AC l One module (4.2m 2 ) operated at a feed pressure 1.5bar, temperature 35 C and a feed flow 17Nm 3 /h, with variation permeate pressure from 100mbar to 450mbar June 2017

11 Process parameter-feed & permeate pressure 7.35% CO 2 in feed Pressure ratio: 1-6 bar / 0.1 bar Temperature: 23 C, 30 Nm 3 /h 9.7% CO 2 in feed Pressure ratio: 1.5 bar / ( ) bar Temperature: 40 C, 15 Nm 3 /h June 2017

12 Process parameter-temp. & flow Operating Temperature Feed flow (J CO2 = Q F ) 9.7% CO 2 in feed Pressure ratio: 2 bar / 0.2 bar Temperature: C Feed flow: 40 Nm 3 /h 9.7% CO 2 in feed Pressure ratio: 2 bar / (0.2) bar Temperature: 43 C Feed flow: 5-30 Nm 3 /h June 2017

13 Feed CO 2 content CO 2 conc vol.% to 12.4 vol.% Two module in parallel (8.4m 2 ) Pressure ratio: 2 bar / 0.2 bar Feed flow: 40 Nm 3 /h Temperature: 30 C Stabilized in 15min High feed CO2 content is favorable June 2017

14 Preliminary summary from the Tiller plant The membrane pilot is easily controlled, hence the influence of various parameters have been investigated. The results have clearly shown the need for optimization of the module design in order to fit the need of a low pressure system The water in the system needs close attention and smart solutions in process and module design Obtained data are used for for 2-stage process simulations: Purity of >95%CO2 can easily be achieved, while capture rate will vary depending on %CO2 in feed, and economical considerations. Next step: TRL 7? Air product Licensed the technology from June 2017

15 Conclusion summing up There are: Challenges with scaling up the separation process Challenges with demonstrating the same good performance as on smaller scale with the current larger membrane modules Need for some redesign of module to lower pressure drop Engineering design to be solved to maintain high water content in the feed side along fiber surface Optimization on process parameters is crucial Next step TRL June 2017

16 Acknowledgements We want to express our most sincere gratitude to all the partners we collaborated with in this pilot project, and for their trust and willingness to test out this new membrane technology for CO2 capture - helping to bring it to a level which makes it attractive also to industry. A special thank to the main funder over many years, the Norwegian Research Council in this case represented by Gassnova June 2017