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2 Lynda Farrell Executive Director Cell: March 10, 2015 Sierra Club Pipeline Safety Forum West Chester Borough Hall Sunoco Logistics Mariner East

3 Pennsylvania Non Profit and 501(c)(3) Our relationships focus on improving public, personal and environmental safety by providing: 1)a high level of equal access to information 2)community, government and legislative mentoring 3)facilitating respectful and productive conversations between citizens, environmental groups, local/state and government officials and pipeline operators What you Need to Know and Why TERMINOLOGY PIPELINE SITING WHO REGULATES WHAT FERC PROCESS PIPELINE SAFETY LANDOWNER RIGHTS KNOWLEDGE = THE POWER TO PROTECT YOUR RIGHTS, SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT Public Participation: Making a difference

4 Pipeline Procedure and Safety Education Program PPSEP 1)Free - On Line Education Program 2)Core on line curriculum 3)Available to the public for general information searches 4)Train educators to meet needs of equal access to pipeline safety education by 5)Providing a verifiable grading system Join our Team The Pipeline Safety Improvement Act of 2002 (Pub. L , codified at 49 U.S.C ) Technical Assistance Grants Experience shows that informed communities play a vital role in the safety and reliability of pipeline operations 4

5 Sunoco proposes: Mariner East 2 in existing Mariner 1 ROW plus additional ROW for Mariner East 2X 5

6 What do we know about Sunoco s Chester County Pipelines? Chester County existing ROWs: Existing Sunoco Rights of Way vary in width Sunoco wants a 50 ft wide ROW across the state The ROW was purchase by Sunoco Suburban sprawl placed houses in close proximity Mariner 1: Circa 1930 s mile-long, 8-inch-diameter pipeline to import fuel. Repaired/repurposed /reversed flow ( ) Exports NGL: liquid propane/ethane: (70,000 barrels/day) Jet Fuel Line: 12 inch-diameter pipeline Philadelphia to Sinking Springs, PA Integrity management inspection found sections of the pipes Sunoco is electing to repair or replace - repurpose? March early

7 What do we know about Sunoco s Chester County Pipelines? Mariner East 2 and Mariner East 2X ME2: Proposed 20 inch-diameter high pressure (1400 psi) pipeline Transport 275,000 up to 450,000 barrels/day NGLs: propane /ethane / butane Reportedly being delayed: The delay in starting Mariner East 2 "kind of gives us a little bit more time" to evaluate whether to commit to the expansion project [ME2X], Michael Hennigan, Chief Executive Sunoco Logistics Partners Hennigan said, Sunoco has said it would want to build both pipelines simultaneously to reduce costs and disruptions. (Source: Philadelphia Inquirer: more time needed to obtain easements lack of permits poor earnings reports ME2X: Proposed inch-diameter pipeline to transport 250,000 barrels/day NGLs: propane /ethane / butane 7

8 What do we know about Sunoco s Chester County Pipelines? Placement? Existing ROW and or new ROWs? Open Cut Methods of Construction? Horizontal Direct Drill (HDD) 8

9 Slide by: Hydroquest - Paul Rubin HYDROLOGIST/HYDROGEOLOGI ST: Independent Consultant Assists groups in identifying issues and developing strategies designed to protect groundwater and surface water resources, community character, and wildlife habitat. Multiple pipelines with nearly intersecting paths or placed in close proximity to each other increase health and safety risk. 9

10 Slide by: Hydroquest - Paul Rubin HYDROLOGIST/HYDROGEOLOGIST: 10 Independent Consultant

11 Flammability and Physical Hazard Ratings Natural Gas vs LNG Slide by: Hydroquest - Paul Rubin HYDROLOGIST/HYDROGEOLOGIST: Independent Consultant 11

12 High Consequence Areas (HCA) COMMUNITY HCA: an area where transmission pipeline releases could have greatest consequences to health and safety or the environment. The land area in which spilled hazardous liquid could affect the water supply is also treated as an HCA HCA Class Determination: Population & building density: Classes 1 (rural) Class 4 (densely populated) PIPELINES HCA: Pipelines are classed by allowable pipe stresses (SMYS = % of specified minimum yield strength) and population density near the pipeline Pipe strength/wall thickness requirements reflect the maximum allowable SMYS: 0.72 (Class 1), 0.60 (Class 2), 0.50 (Class 3) and 0.40 (Class 4) Slide by: Hydroquest - Paul Rubin HYDROLOGIST/HYDROGEOLOGIST: Independent Consultant 12

13 POTENTIAL IMPACT RADIUS (PIR): Calculation to estimate the distance from a potential pipeline failure in which death, injury or significant property damage could occur PIR circles are defined as HCAs if: 20 or more structures intended for human occupancy buildings housing populations of limited mobility buildings that would be hard to evacuate (nursing homes, schools) or buildings and outside areas occupied by more than 20 persons on a specified minimum number of days each year such as places of worship Formula: PIR = 0.69 * (p*d2)0.5 Where: PIR = Potential Impact Radius (in feet) p = maximum allowable operating pressure (in pounds per square inch) d = nominal pipeline diameter (in inches), and 0.69 is a constant applicable to natural gas (constants for other gases must be determined in accordance with Section 3.2 of ASME B31.8S-2001) 19

14 Needed Safety Distances increase with the internal diameter and psi. Existing Sunoco pipelines = 8 and 12 Mariner East 2 = 20 Mariner East 2X = Slide by: Hydroquest - Paul Rubin HYDROLOGIST/HYDROGEOLOGIST: Independent Consultant 14

15 Slide by: Hydroquest - Paul Rubin HYDROLOGIST/HYDROGEOLOGIST: Independent Consultant 15

16 LNG = heavier than air Liquified flammable gas clouds have been documented as having drifted up to 5 miles before exploding in a wall of fire some 1 mile wide. (Siberia, Russia, June, 4, 1989) Mariner East: 5,000 single family homes 12 schools Slide by: Hydroquest - Paul Rubin HYDROLOGIST/HYDROGEOLOGIST: Independent Consultant 16

17 Slide by: Hydroquest - Paul Rubin HYDROLOGIST/HYDROGEOLOGIST: Independent Consultant 17

18 Pipelines are categorized by what they carry: (Natural Gas, LNG, Oil, Petroleum) WHO REGULATES WHAT can be confusing! And where they go: (within state boundaries, between states, pipe to pipe, end user ) Who regulates what varies: While the FERC - regulates siting of Natural Gas pipelines - (Columbia and Williams) there are no state or federal agencies that regulate siting of Hazardous Liquids pipelines (Sunoco) PHMSA, regulates the safety of both Natural Gas and Hazardous Liquids pipelines However regulations for Natural Gas and Hazardous Liquids pipelines differ. PHMSA is authorized by the Department of Transportation, to regulate pipeline transportation of hazardous liquids, including crude oil, petroleum products, anhydrous ammonia and carbon dioxide. PHMSA data suggest that third party excavation is the primary cause of pipeline failures, however, corrosion has been the most prominent cause of Sunoco pipeline failures 18 PHMSA Proposes New Safety Regulations for Hazardous Liquid Pipelines

19 Thank you! Lynda Farrell Executive Director Cell: