Design in renovation to optimize Ventilation Case Study. Dr R Chandarshekhar Senior Architect DteGHS

Transcription

1 Design in renovation to optimize Ventilation Case Study Dr R Chandarshekhar Senior Architect DteGHS

2 ZONING / LOCATION ZONING / LOCATION Separation of Curative & Preventive Area Appropriate traffic flow (e.g., no dirty movement through clean areas) Location of sinks and dispensers for hand washing Convenient location of soiled utility areas Isolation rooms with anterooms as appropriate Location of adequate storage and supply areas Properly engineered areas for linen services and solid waste management Air-handling systems engineered for optimal performance, easy maintenance, and repair

3 CASE STUDY ART (Anti Retroviral Therapy) Centre Dr RML Hospital New Delhi INDIA

4 CHALLENGES SITE LOCATION HEIGHT OF BLDG TIME LINE

5 A R T CENTRE At Dr R M L HOSPITAL DELHI

6 OUT DOOR 3.0 TR 600x x300 (500) 600x300(1200) AIR WASHER UNIT 7500 CMH(EACH) 2NOS 450x x300 (500) OUT DOOR 3.0TR 275x x300 (500) OUT DOOR 1.5 TR 1.5 TR 1000 CMH 6500 CMH 1500 CMH AC MCB BOX FOR TR TR 1.5 TR 1500 CMH 1500 CMH 1.5 TR AC MCB BOX FOR 1.5 TR AC MCB BOX FOR 3.0 TR SUPPLY FAN (01 SET) 1.5 TR 850 CMH SUPPLY FAN (01 SET) LOCAL CONTROL PANEL 6000 CMH 850 CMH 850 CMH SUPPLY FAN (01 SET) EXHAUST FAN(02 SETS) 2000 CMH 2000 CMH 2000 CMH 2000 CMH EXHAUST FAN(02SETS) SUPPLY FAN (01 SET) A R T CENTRE AT Dr R M L HOSPITAL DELHI

7 WAITING AREA

8 CONSULTANT ROOM

9 CUT OUT IN DOOR FOR AIR OUTLET

10 WAITING AREA

11 WAITING AREA ( EXHAUST AIR )

12 DIVIDER BETWEEN WAITING AREAS

13 TYPICAL DESIGN OF WARD BASED ON EVIDENCE BASE DESIGN

14 PANTRY G.T TEACHING D.U. NURSES' STN. TOILET DOC. TOILET TOILET(F) TOILET(M) ISOLATION STORE C.U. NURSE REST RM. ISOLATION ROOM TOILET(F) TOILET(M) VISITOR WAITING BALCONY DOC. DUTY LIGHT SHAFT TOILET TREATMENT ROOM NURSES' STN. TOI. LIGHT SHAFT DAY ROOM LIGHT SHAFT L.T TYPICAL WARD LAYOUT

15 PANTRY TEACHING D.U. NURSES' STN. DOC. DUTY DOC. TOILET TOILET(F) TOILET(M) LIGHT SHAFT TOILET ISOLATION TREATMENT ROOM STORE C.U. NURSES' STN. NURSE REST RM. TOI. LIGHT SHAFT TYPICAL WARD LAYOUT

16 G.T NURSE REST RM. NURSES' STN. TOILET ISOLATION ROOM TOILET(F) TOILET(M) VISITOR WAITING BALCONY NURSES' STN. TOI. LIGHT SHAFT DAY ROOM LIGHT SHAFT L.T TYPICAL WARD LAYOUT

17 DETAIL AT "A" SCALE-1:100 TYPICAL DETAIL OF ONE CUBICLE IN WARD

18 WARD DESIGN WITH EVIDENCE BASED

19 I A Q Indoor Air Quality

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21 IAQ Particulates Gases Microbial

22 Particulates Dust, dander, pollen, organic clumps Usually handled by air filtration. Filters must be maintained to be affective.

23 Microbial Bacteria Viruses Mold Spores Single Cell Organism Self contained and can reproduce without a host E.g., MRSA, E. Coli, Staph, Strep.. Minimal structure of genetic material and protein Can only be seen with an electron microscope E.g., Norwalk, SARS, Avian Flu. Airborne Single Cell Organism Grows into mold as soon as conditions permit Causes allergic reactions, asthma episodes, irritations, infections, sinus congestion problems.

24 VOC s Odors Gases VOC s s (Volatile Organic Compound) are found in smoke, adhesives, carpets, cleaning agents, nail polish, paint, new construction, pressed wood products Can cause eye, nose, and throat irritation, headaches, loss of coordination, nausea Caused by odorant molecules dissolved in the air. E.g., pet odors, perfumes, food odors

25 Current IAQ Technologies ULTRA VIOLET LIGHT For Microbial Inverse Square Law % POWER 25% POWER UV % POWER % POWER

26 UV Treated Heat Exchanger On Surface Inside Heat Exchanger

27 PHOTO HYDRO IONIZATION (PHI ) Hydrogen based oxidizers are created by exposing activated oxygen molecules to a hydrated catalyst containing four unique metals and 300 nm UV light (Photon Energy). These Friendly Oxidizers are. Hydro-peroxides Hydroxides Super Oxide Ions Ozonide Ions

28 HVAC PHI HVAC PHI

29 The System is designed to provide enough UVC exposure (dose) to destroy aspergillus. UV technology disinfects HVAC surfaces and then keeps those areas clean by continuously radiating the reservoirs where microorganisms can thrive. This Systems combine filtration and the germicidal effect of UVC.. Rather than just trapping aspergillus spores

30 What is PHI Cell Kills airborne and surface pollutants Friendly Oxidizers are blown into the conditioned space Microbes and gases are destroyed on contact. Oxidizers break down into oxygen and water vapor

31 This is an integrated system of components engineered for Indoor Air Quality (IAQ), air purification, energy savings and bio-defense. The major components of this System are ultra violet germicidal irradiation, filtration,, reflective materials and monitoring hardware. This is flexible and can be installed in any new or existing HVAC system.

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37 HVAC and Climate Control Creating comfort conditions in General Areas in place of normal air-conditioning by low- energy techniques Earth Tunnel cooling systems for non air-conditioned spaces Use of flash-misting and other evaporative techniques including indirect systems Improve Indoor air quality with well designed ventilation system and air filters to prevent nosocomial infection.

38 HVAC and Climate Control (Contd.) VAV (Variable Air Volume) systems for efficiency in unbalanced occupancy conditions coupled with VFDs in Air Handling Units Enthalpy ( Total Heat) Control in non-medical areas

39 VAV System

40 Enthalpy control is a control which checks to see if both the temperature (sensible heat) and the humidity (latent heat) are low enough to be used for cooling. This combination provides for the greatest comfort at the least cost. If the indoor thermostat calls for cooling and the outside air enthalpy (total heat) is low enough then the economizer brings in this cooler and less humid air and uses it for cooling instead of operating the compressor. Using the outside air for cooling is less expensive than operating the compressor to provide cooling. Enthalpy control is located in the outdoor air air- stream and is a relatively sensitive control, it is not uncommon to have to replace it every few years depending upon the location of the equipment and the weather extremes in the area.

41 STUDIES & FINDINGS For the effectiveness of UVGI, the best ventilation rates seem to fall in the range of ACH for winter (no baseboard heating) and at 6ACH for summer with the UVGI location UVGI does result in the killing of a significant percentage of the viable particles in the room. Changing the location of the UV lamp and increasing its intensity result in a higher percentage of particles being killed. However, further increases in UV intensity show diminishing returns. The addition of baseboard heating results in better kill UVGI rates irrespective of ACH. Baseboard heating should therefore be used in winter cases, especially at low ACH.

42 Assessing the Efficacy of Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation and Ventilation in Removing Mycobacterium Tuberculosis High level exhausts are generally better than low level exhausts in terms of vented percentage for the particle release points considered in the study, particularly at low to medium ACH. This trend is not present at the higher values of ACH. However, note that patient rooms display better air conditions for low exhausts at low to medium ACH,

43 Antibiotics are not the cure for superbugs, cleanliness is - and the hospitals simply aren't clean enough in India. Accountability is needed, not money, Run a hospital like a fast food joint. "Clean as you go" and it is all staff's responsibility to clean up, not delegated to the lowest bidder

44 FOR ANY QUERY E - Mail cdb@nb.nic.in

45 Global HIMT nd nd 5 th Feb 11 1 st Global conference on Recent Advancements in HEALTHCARE INFRASTRUCTURE & MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY

46 Overview The All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi in collaboration with WHO, Academy of Hospital Administration, The Indian Institute of Architects (NC) & School of Planning and Architecture announces THE GLOBAL HIMT 2011 The First International Conference on Recent Advancements in Health Infrastructure & Medical Technology.

47 The event will take place in AIIMS, New Delhi India, from the 2nd to 5th of February, 2011.

48 Publisher ; JAYPEE BROTHERS Web sites :

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