Country Report on Waste management in Sri Lanka Status, Achievements and Challenges

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1 Asia Pacific Workshop on Global Partnership on Waste Management Country Report on Waste management in Sri Lanka Status, Achievements and Challenges Eng V R SenaPeiris Director National Cleaner Production Centre, Sri Lanka

2 About Sri Lanka An island situated in the Indian Ocean and world renowned for its rich biodiversity. Total land Extent: 65,000 km 2 Total Population: 19.5 million. Divided into 9 provinces and 25 administrative districts. The island is governed by a parliamentary system headed by executive president. Regional administration: 9 provincial councils. 330 local authorities comprising of 18 Municipal Councils, 42 Urban Councils 270 PradesheeyaSabhas.

3 Environmental Policy framework in Sri Lanka Overarching policy HarithaLanka program (Greening Sri Lanka) under H E President of Sri Lanka Policy Making Body Ministry of Environment Enforcement Central Environmental Authority Main Policy Document National Environmental Act Provincial Implementation Local Government Authorities

4 Waste Management Enforcement Central Environmental Authority Line Ministry responsible Ministry of Provincial Councils and Local Government Provincial responsibility Local Government Authorities Note: The above organizations are responsible only for municipal waste and not for industrial and agricultural wastes

5 Waste management Policies and Regulations National Solid Waste Management Policy National Cleaner Production Policy and Strategy Urban Development Authority Act (No.41 of 1978, Regulation No. 392/9, 10 th of March 1986) National Solid Waste Management Strategy Technical Guide Lines for Solid Waste Management Municipal Council Ordinance (Chapter 252, No.: 16 of 1942) By-laws on Solid Waste Management in Municipal Councils Local Government By Laws

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15 Various International Actors in Waste Management Japan International Cooperation Agency Korea International Cooperation Agency United Nations Environmental Program United Nations Industrial Development Organization World Bank World Health Organization International Labour organization

16 JICA programs National solid waste management support center (NSWMSC)- was established in 2003 with JICA assistance JICA project to support local authorities in SWM in 2007 for capacity building JICA supported 17 local government authorities to conducted surveys to assess waste and develop waste management plans JICA developed capacity in Ministry of Local Government and Provincial Councils and Local Government Authorities

17 KOICA Assistance Korean International Cooperation Agency (KOICA) provided financial and technical assistance to the National Solid Waste Management Programme`Pilisaru. Pilisaru, the largest waste management project of Sri Lanka and encompassing all Local Governments and Provincial councils,provides assistance to value add to bio degradable wastes and other wastes.

18 UNEP Assisted MataleMunicipal Council (MMC) to develop an Integrated Solid waste management Plan and Build capacity in the MMC Assisted in converting waste agricultural biomass to value added resources through a pilot project in Moneragala district The assistance was provided through International Environmental Technology Center in Japan.

19 UNIDO Provided assistance to conduct a survey and develop a solid waste management plan for Moneragala Pradesheeya sabha in 2003/4. Provided the services of International consultant to develop a project to manage mercury containing hazardous waste (Fluorescent and CFL, dental amulgum) Provide local support to UNEP programs through NCPC

20 World bank Provide assistance for the feasibility study in developing the first sanitary landfill site in the country-this was stopped due to community resistance Assisted in developing a composting plant using organic waste at a local government authority in southern province

21 World Health Organization Provided assistance to waste segregation at hospitals Provided financial assistance for developing a solution for clinical waste through autoclaves/hydroclaves Capacity building of personnel in the health sector on waste management

22 International Labourorganization Green Jobs creation in the waste management sector Capacity building in waste segregation local groups

23 National Activities Several new waste management companies have commenced Several NGOs have pilot waste segregation projects in selected local authorities Mercury recovery (Orange CFL industries) E-waste collection (9 companies licensed) Hazardous waste transport Hazardous waste processing (Holcimcement kiln) Pilisaruprogram focusing on composting -77 local authorities have started composting plants Establishment of a environmental police force

24 Segregation and Recycling of Plastics Post consumer Plastic Recyclers Association established Production of plastic film less than 20 micron banned Several plastic recyclers are in operation offering high prices for clean materials Many community based organizations have become partners in these businesses.

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26 Waste Streams covered Municipal Wastes Organic- Treatment through Composting Inorganic-Treatment through Recycling and recovery of resources Medical Wastes Clinical Final treatment through Incineration General- Disposal at landfills Hazardous E wastes- Collection streamlined through licensing Others-Collection streamlined, some wastes are treated

27 Scheduled Waste management Regulations in force since 1996 Enforcement was not done till 2009 Transporters, storing facilities for scheduled waste licensed Equipment for handling and transporting certified Industries having scheduled waste to obtain compulsory scheduled waste license Holcimlicensed for processing selected scheduled wastes

28 Perceptions and Challenges Political commitment at local level is low Community support and participation is non existent Waste has no economic value Waste management is a free service offered by local authority No sanitary landfills are available Incineration and waste heat recovery is not encouraged at policy level

29 Assessment of Needs Strengthening of policy framework Preparation of ISWM plans for each local government area Strengthening of the enforcement agency with staff and resources Development of capacity at Local Government level politicians Enhancing Technology and Plant and machinery Research and Development for local solutions Creation of economic value for wastes

30 Example of ISWM Plan at Matale Steps Followed Municipal Council Waste Characterization and Quantification and Future Trends Targets for ISWM Prevailing Solid Waste Management Systems and Gaps Therein Constraints and Stakeholder Concerns Integrated Solid Waste Management Plan (Management System including Technical, Policy & Voluntary aspects)

31 Elements of ISWM plan VISION A Clean and Green City MMC MISSION In this Historic city of Matale whilst paying due attention to the social, economic, and welfare needs of its resident population and visitors to the city. We are fully committed to accomplish an maintain at the highest level of efficiency our health services, roads welfare facilities and all utility services within as environmental friendly atmosphere ISWMP - MISSION Provice efficient and effective Solid Waste Management services to all using environmentally sound technologies in a proactive and socially & environmentally responsible manner. Endeavour to integrate the 3 R concepts of waste management and develop the capacity of all stakeholders to contribute positively towards sustainable solid waste management. GOALS 1: Eliminate risks to the sensitive ecological systems in Matale. 2:Provide Waste Management services to all citizens in Matale Municipal council and eliminate risks to human health resulting from mismanagement of Solid Waste. 3: Reduce loss of valuable resources by recovering prior to final disposal 4:Comply with National, Provincial and Local environmental regulatory requirements. 5:Build capacity of relevant employees of the MMC and all other stakeholders to achieve sustainable Solid Waste Management.

32 Goals Objectives Quantitative Targets Short Term ( ) Long Term ( ) Goal 1 Eliminate risks to the sensitive ecological systems in Matale. 1 Convert landfill sites into engineered sanitary type landfills Find adequate and suitable landfill site for waste disposal Develop a fully engineered sanitary landfill for disposal of hazardous and residual wastes Goal 2 Provide Waste Management services to all citizens in Matale Municipal council and eliminate risks to human health resulting from mismanagement of Solid Waste. 2 Segregation of all waste streams at source prior to collection 3 Provide waste management services to all in the MMC area 4 Improve the efficiency of the waste collection system 50% of the waste to be segregated at source Provide waste management services to 50% of the community that is not being served 100% of the waste to be segregated at source Waste management services to be provided to entire community of the MMC Goal 3 Reduce loss of valuable resources by recovering prior to final disposal 5 Reduce waste sent for landfill site with final objective of zero waste 6 All waste streams sorted and material/resources recovered from waste streams using the reuse and recycle techniques 7 All organic wastes to be composted and where ever possible used for biogas generation 8 Apply 3R concepts to all industrial wastes Four biogas and compost stations to be built to process 40% of the organic wastes 50% of the recyclable waste (including construction waste) to be transferred through waste exchange 50% of the recyclable waste (including industrial waste) to converted to value added material through small industries 75% of the organic waste to be processed and treated using most appropriate technologies 75% of the recyclable waste to be converted to value added material through industries

33 Goals Objectives Quantitative Targets Short Term ( ) Long Term ( ) Goal 4 Comply with National, Provincial and Local environmental regulatory requirements. 9 Reduce volume of per capita waste generated 10 All hazardous wastes to be segregated, treated and disposed safely 15% reduction in waste generation at all sources 30% reduction in waste generation at all sources Goal 5 Build capacity of relevant employees of the MMC and all other stakeholders to achieve sustainable Solid Waste Management. 11 Streamline and increase community participation in waste management practices 12 All residents to be given thorough awareness and training 100% of the community to be given awareness on proper solid waste management 10% of the community to be actively participating in solid waste management program 20% of the community to be actively participating in solid waste management program

34 Themes & Schemes T1 - Capacity Building and Communicating ISWM Plan T2 -Establishing Partnerships through Institutional Building and Community Empowerment S1 Developing Information Sharing Systems S2 Establishing Links with Existing Waste Exchange Programmes S3 Developing Publicity Material in Sinhala and Tamil S4 Developing Awareness and Training Packages S5 Conducting Awareness Programmes to all Stakeholders S6 Conducting Training Programmes to key stakeholders S7 Setting up Children s Societies at each Municipality ward S8 Establishing Waste Minimization Cell for each Municipality ward S9 Establishment of Waste Exchange Centre S10 Promoting Private Sector Participation in recycling based industries S11 Strengthening Community Based Organizations S12 Develop programmes to enhancing living and working conditions of Sanitation Workers T5 Policy Based Changes S27 Effecting Policy Changes at Local Government Level S28 Lobbying for Approval of Municipal Council By- laws S29 Develop incentive system to promote source segregation S30 Lobby to increase fines and introduce new fines to discourage open dumping and disposal of commingled waste T4 T3 - Infrastructure Development S13 Provide segregation bins to residents of identified streets for promotion of source segregation S14 Re-introduce bell collection system for house to house collection S15 Restore the Environmental Education centre and provide necessary equipment to enhance its role. S16 Setting up Eco-Kiosks S17 Setting up intermediate collection point for E-Waste S18 Setting up and Intermediate Collection and Transfer Stations for Municipal Waste S19 Establishing a Central Collection and Exchange Point for Construction and Demolition Material S20 Introduce compartmentalized trailers to transport separate waste streams S21 Locate suitable land for construction of Sanitary Landfill S22 Conduct Cleaner Production demonstration project for wood based industries S23 Conduct Cleaner Production demonstration project for Hotels and restaurants S24 Develop project proposal for setting up Industrial Estate for Recycling Based Industries S25 Develop proposals for setting up decentralized composting plants S26 Develop proposal for setting up decentralized biogas plants T4 - Source Reduction through Cleaner Production, 3R and Resource Recovery

35 Special Projects Pilot Projects Source Segregation at Household Level Waste Reduction at Schools Sub Projects Decentralized Biogas Plant for Market Waste Animal feed from fish and meat wastes Biogas Plant for Hospital Waste De-centralised Composting Plants Establishment of Waste Exchange Platform Community Based Projects to Strengthen MMC relationship with Community Preparation of Proposal for Setting up Waste Recycling Park (Eco-park) Preparation of Awareness Raising Material on Hazardous Waste Management

36 Future Sustainability Link to National Solid Waste Management Program under the Ministry of Environment PILISARU Wider community participation Organizational capacity building Developing capacity of school children to take over sub projects Rewarding and Recognition

37 Current Situation Most of the schemes and special projects are implemented through Pilisaruprogram assistance Community Participation has increased initially but decreased over time Capacity of the SWM staff enhanced and jobs of the field staff were made greener. Reward scheme was not started

38 Infrastructure Issues to be solved at National level Establishment of Engineered Sanitary landfills for residual wastes and hazardous wastes Facilities for Treatment and disposal of clinical wastes Provision of Waste handling equipment for local government authorities Establishment of eco parks/recycling parks

39 Thank you

40 Contact details V R Sena Peiris Director National Cleaner Production Centre No 251/30, Kirula Road,Narahenpita Colombo 05 Tel /2 Fax ncpcsl@ncpcsrilanka.org Web: