Bioenergy Research at University of Surrey

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1 SUPERGEN Researchers Day 6 th May 2016 Bioenergy Research at University of Surrey Dr. Siddharth Gadkari Research Fellow Department of Chemical and Process Engineering University of Surrey, Guildford

2 Development of fast pyrolysis based advanced biofuel technologies for biofuels OBJECTIVE: Improving the stability of fast pyrolysis oils by pre-treatment of pyrolysis oil vapours with metal deoxygenation cracking catalysts including doped zeolite materials and bifunctional Fe based catalysts SURREY: Development of computational models for an integrated fast pyrolysis for bio-oil production fast pyrolysis, pyrolytic vapour cracking and hydrodeoxygenation reactors. Prof. Sai Gu

3 Numerical modelling of biomass fast pyrolysis reactor Effect of Kinetic models simple, global and advanced kinetic models; Effect of various feedstock; Effect of Temperature (a) Simple kinetic model (Di Blasi, 1996) Biomass pyrolysis kinetics modelling (c) Advanced kinetic model (Ranzi et al., 2008) (b) Global kinetic model (Miller and Bellan,1997) 300 g/h continuous fluidised bed system (Aston University, UK) Prof. Sai Gu

4 Numerical modelling of biomass fast pyrolysis reactor Comparion of product yields: Effect of the kinetic model Effect of particle size, feedstock and temperature on the product yields P.Ranganathan, S. Gu, CFD Modelling of Biomass Fast Pyrolysis in fluidized bed reactors,focusing different kinetic schemes, Bioresource Technology 2016, In press. Prof. Sai Gu

5 Catalytic Upgrading of Pyrolysis Vapours in a Riser Pyrolysis vapour upgrading - the stabilisation of bio-oil will minimize the carbon loss. The pyrolysis vapour passes through catalytic bed - chemical reactions of deoxygenation, cracking, aromatization and oligomerization to produce aromatic hydrocarbons. It follows a similar process of petroleum industry with reactor concept of Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) using zeolite catalyst. Objectives Simulate hydrodynamics of pyrolysis vapours and catalyst particles flow in a riser reactor. Predict catalyst residence times in a riser for improving contact time of pyrolysis vapours with catalyst. Simulate pyrolysis vapours catalytic cracking using coupled CFD and lumping kinetic approach. 1 kg h -1 Fast pyrolysis fluid bed with coupled CFB reactor (Aston University, UK) (Setup under development ) Prof. Sai Gu sai.gu@surrey.ac.uk

6 Pyrolysis Vapour upgrading: Coupled CFD and kinetics Reaction pathways for conversion of bio-oil (Adjaye and Bakhshi, 1995) Lumped Models kinetic models predict the lower value for aqueous fraction and gaseous mass fraction. A kinetic model needs to be improved. P.Ranganathan and S. Gu, CFD simulation of catalytic upgrading of pyrolysis vapour in FCC riser, Environmental progress and sustainable Energy, Under review. Prof. Sai Gu sai.gu@surrey.ac.uk

7 Hydrodeoxygenation of Pyrolysis Bio-oil: Ebulated bed reactor Hydrodeoxygenation of pyrolytic bio-oil - hydroprocessing with hydrogen gas under high pressure (10-13Mpa) and temperature ( K) and use heterogeneous catalysis. Two-stage fixed bed reactors are used - the issue of high level coking, fouling of catalytic bed. Ebullated bed reactor is a gas liquid catalyst (three phase) fluidised bed, proposed to replace conventional fixed bed reactors for hydroprocessing. In EBR, Fresh feed, recycle oil and high pressure hydrogen are contacted with catalyst in this reactor. Objectives Study catalytic hydroprocessing of bio-oil derived from lignocellulose biomass in an Ebullated fluidized bed (EBR) using CFD simulation. Validation of CFD simulation result with the existing experimental values in the literature. Prof. Sai Gu sai.gu@surrey.ac.uk

8 Hydrodeoxygenation of Pyrolysis Bio-oil: Ebulated bed reactor Hydrodynamics: Biooil volume fraction (Sheu et al., 1988) Mass fraction of lumped compounds Catalyst volume fraction T= 673 K; P = 8720kPa; WHSV=2hr -1 ; Gollakota et al., CFD simulations on the effect of catalysts on the hydrodeoxygenation of bio-oil, RSC Advances, 2015, 5, Prof. Sai Gu sai.gu@surrey.ac.uk

9 Other Bioenergy Projects NERC Resource Recovery from Waste Programme (RRfW) EPSRC LifesCO2R: Liquid Fuel and bioenergy Supply from CO2 Reduction Newton Research Collaboration Programme Grant of the RAEng Economic Value Generation and Social Welfare in Mexico by Waste Biorefining esymbiosis-development of knowledge-based web services to promote advance Industrial Symbiosis in Europe Renewable Systems Engineering grant (RENESENG)

10 NERC: Resource recovery from wastewater with Bioelectrochemical Systems Realizing the full polygeneration potentials, i.e. recovery of metals and production of biofuels and chemicals from reuse of CO2 and production of clean water from waste streams is essential for sustainability. The aim of this NERC-ESRC funded project is optimization and sustainability analysis of integrated systems for resource recovery from waste streams. Develop microbial fuel cells (MFC) that use energy harvested from wastewater to recover metals from metal-containing waste streams and for the synthesis of valuable chemicals, ultimately from CO2. Dr Jhuma Sadhukhan

11 Bioelectrochemical oxidation Catalytic electro- hydrogenation, hydrodeoxygenation reduction reactions Microbial electrosynthesis for product recovery from waste External Voltage Supply Gaseous products (e.g. hydrogen, methane) e - e - H 2 and CO 2 / carbonic acid / pyruvate / formate / fatty acids Anode substrate: Organic waste/ wastewaters / lignocellulosic wastes and their hydrolysates/stillage from biodiesel and bioethanol plants / glycerol from biodiesel plant A N O D E PROTON EXCHANGE MEMBRANE C A T H O D E CO 2 reuse in Chemical / Bioplastic / Biofuel production Cathode substrates 1: Anode Effluents (pyruvate / organic acids) Cathode substrates 2: Other Wastes (Wastewaters / hydroxy acids, glucose, etc. from lignocellulose wastes Biofuel / Bioplastic / Chemical Dr Jhuma Sadhukhan j.sadhukhan@surrey.ac.uk

12 Liquid Fuel and bioenergy Supply from CO2 Reduction (EPSRC) Use of CO 2 as direct feedstock for chemical fuel production crucial for sustainable fuel production with the existing resources Goal is to develop a breakthrough technology with integrated low cost bio-electrochemical processes to convert CO 2 into liquid fuels for transportations, energy storage, heating and other applications CO 2 electrochemically reduced to formate by Bioelectrochemical systems (BES). Formate converted to medium chain alkanes in SimCell reactor with microorganisms using a Synthetic biology approach Work at Surrey: Evaluate the sustainability of the SimCell and microbial electrosynthesis (MES) technologies and select the overall optimal integrated system. Dr Jhuma Sadhukhan j.sadhukhan@surrey.ac.uk

13 Economic value generation and social welfare in Mexico by waste biorefining Newton Research Collaboration Programme Grant of the RAEng NEWTON fund: Develop science and innovation partnerships to promote the economic development and social welfare of developing countries. Aim: Develop integrated scheme of enzymatic hydrolysis, fermentation, wastewater treatment, anaerobic digestion and combined heat and power (CHP) systems for biofuel, chemical and energy production and nutrient recovery from wastes and residues X AD LCC PLANT BIOMASS BIOETHANOL PLANT LCA CHP SLCA PLANT NUTRIENT Integrated system investigated With Malaysia and Mexico AD: Anaerobic digestion CHP: Combined heat and power BIOFUEL BIOENERGY BIOCHEMICAL BIOMATERIAL Dr Jhuma Sadhukhan j.sadhukhan@surrey.ac.uk

14 Bio-refining: Challenges & Degrees of Freedom Biorefining: integrated bio-based industries, using a variety of different technologies to produce biofuels & electricity, chemicals, food and feed ingredients, biomaterials and power from biomass raw materials Feedstock Process & Technology Corn Intermediates Energy Wheat Fermentation Gasification Syngas biofuel electricity Wood residues Corn stover Hydrolisis Pyrolysis Sugars C2 C6 Lignin Materials Straw Pyrolysis oil biochemicals biomaterials Enzymatic Catalysis Acid Catalysis Municipality waste.. Transesterification.. Dr Franjo Cecelja f.cecelja@surrey.ac.uk

15 e-symbiosis is a LIFE+ Environmental Policy and Governance Project cofunded by the European Commission Development of knowledge-based web services to promote advance Industrial Symbiosis in Europe Industrial Symbiosis : An innovative approach which brings together companies from all business sectors aiming at improving cross industry resource efficiency through the commercial trading of materials, energy and water and the sharing of assets, logistics and expertise The esymbiosis innovative environmental practice will contribute to: Trade waste as feedstock among companies, build environmentally integrated and efficient communities Cost savings in raw materials and discharge fees Waste reduction across a wide range of industrial activities The development and assessment of environmental policies at local and regional level. Dr Franjo Cecelja f.cecelja@surrey.ac.uk

16 FP7 Marie Curie project: RENEwable Systems ENGineering The overall aim of the project is to develop synthesis tools, capabilities and a training network for renewable energy, with a focus on bio-refining Surrey has been tasked with developing a comprehensive and flexible modelling tool to assess feedstock, integrating and improving existing tools. The model will take both a cross-functional approach assessing feedstock across different criteria such as availability, quality and properties and an LCA (lifecycle assessment) approach by considering the environmental impact of all aspects of the supply chain. Dr Franjo Cecelja f.cecelja@surrey.ac.uk

17 Our Capabilities