Engineering MECH Renewable Ene rg y University of Manitoba. Design Project: Off-Grid Winnipeg Bed and Breakfast (Due April 7)

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1 MECH 4692 Renewable Ene rg y Project Engineering MECH Renewable Ene rg y University of Manitoba Design Project: Off-Grid Winnipeg Bed and Breakfast (Due April 7) The same design project worth 25% of total marks is given to all students enrolled in MECH Marks are broken down as follows: 5% for the progress report due Feb 17 20% for the final report due April 7 No marks for presentations if asked Students must work individually but are encouraged to consult each other. There is to be no similar design or energy spreadsheet model among students. The project will focus on developing an energy design that can meet the energy load of a new Winnipeg bed and breakfast using mainly renewable energy. The project has diverse possible solutions. Your design must demonstrate that the renewable energy systems chosen have been optimized economically to reliably address the energy loads year round using mostly renewable energy and storage throughout the year. During this project, you must learn to calculate the energy available from each renewable energy source considered, to predict the intermittent and non-intermittent energy produced from each renewable energy source and conversion, and then match these to daily building energy loads, using storage if required. You must develop a spreadsheet model that determines the variable load for heat, power, cooling and transportation. You must then access the potential contribution of each renewable energy. From this you will then select various technologies that can be used to address the energy loads. A simplified economic assessment needs to be performed. Students will need to recommend which renewable energy systems should be installed and calculate total GHG equivalent displacement emissions for their design. A progress report and a final report with all spreadsheet model calculations needs to be submitted. Please note the energy model will be a critical component of the final report. Students are not to use third party software like Homer and Retscreen. The report will be truncated after the instance of any third party software used and marked accordingly. The objectives of this project are: to gain experience in energy model development to calculate the energy conversion of available renewable resources and apply these to a variable energy demand load for heat, power and cooling to learn to develop ways to produce power, heat, cooling and transportation in ways you may have not thought of before to gain experience in the design process: defining the problem parameters, establishing design criteria, making and justifying assumptions, performing analyses on design alternatives, selecting and justifying a final design

2 MECH 4692 Renewable Ene rg y Project to gain practical experience and confidence in using spreadsheet models for renewable energy technology applications to document and report clearly the results of your approach to a client Pro ject Description A business person is retiring and wants to build, own and operate a bed and breakfast south of Winnipeg outside the perimeter that is mainly off-grid and uses novel renewable energy systems and storage. An architect has already designed his home: the design is fixed and cannot be changed. All heat, cooling, power and transportation loads using current technologies are known, as calculated by energy simulation software that models the house and occupants for that geographical area, as performed by the architect. The renewable energy systems now have to be designed by you. You have full control on implementing different energy designs compared to what was modeled by the architect. The owner wants you to displace almost all the fossil fuels and utility supplied energy. However, because Manitoba Hydro supplies low cost renewable electricity, the owner has decided to allow power purchases from the utility to a maximum of 50% of his electrical requirements, as averaged over the year. He is also confident that you will provide him the best renewable energy design at a reasonable cost. Therefore, your task is to design his energy system that will operate mainly on renewable energy and self-generate most of the required energy on-site. You can use any combination of wind, solar thermal, solar power, biomass trucked on to site, heat pump, biofuels, and enhanced geothermal energy. You can purchase a maximum of 50% of the total yearly electricity requirement from Manitoba Hydro. You can also use reverse metering if the yearly energy sold to Hydro does not exceed your energy purchases to save on battery storage costs. To meet demand loads you may need to provide various forms of energy storage depending on what you choose for the renewable energy technologies. The only information you have been given is as follows: Location South of Winnipeg perimeter Building shape Single level and rectangular: average width, 64 m, average depth, 12 m, and average height, 3 m. Front of building faces south. Accessible area Up to a maximum of 100 acres of farm land adjacent to the building can be used to self-generated energy. Ene rg y systems can also be added to the roof and the east and west sides of the house only. Pipes and tanks can be buried under the house if required. Building insulation Already designed and client is not interested in making further improvements to reduce energy demand as he has decided on straw and is already getting a high R-value and the chosen design already maximizes passive solar gains.

3 MECH 4692 Renewable Ene rg y Project Energy loads predicted using conventional equipment are given in Table 1. You can assume: Purchase price of power 6 c/kw and 98% renewable Net metering selling price to grid 6 c/kw renewable power Table 1: Loads for new bed and breakfast Energy Type Function Equipment Energy consumed Electricity Refrigeration only Two high efficiency industrial refrigerators 18,000 kwhr/year Electricity Freezing only High efficiency freezer 18,000 kwhr/year Electricity Lighting 100% LED lights 18,000 kwhr/year Electricity Appliances High efficiency appliances 18,000 kwhr/year Electricity Computers/Electronics Power save mode activated 18,000 kwhr/year Electricity Air circulation Force air fan to move hot air from boiler 18,000 kwhr/year Electricity Air conditioning High efficiency AC unit located outside 36,000 kwhr/year Electricity Hot water heating Electric heaters 36,000 kwhr/year Natural gas House heating High efficiency NG boiler with air 20,000 m 3 /year Natural gas Greenhouse heating High efficiency NG boiler with air 80,000 m 3 /year Gasoline Car Sedan 1000 l/year Gasoline Truck Pick up 2400 l/year Project Requirements You must use a combination of at least three technologies. Any form of storage counts for a maximum of one and CHP counts for two Show in the model the flow of power to and from the grid and how supply matches the load Incremental parasitic power from your renewable energy devices must be accounted for and added to the loads in Tab le 1 Meteorological data for the Winnipeg is available from the class website in summary and detail form. Do not get carried away in the analysis of this data. Load Model: o Need to develop an average energy load model by using the data in Table 1, the average temperature over 24 hour for each month and common sense to break down the energy load into two matrices: 24 hour by 12 month and 1 day by 12 month. Add all the energy to get a load distribution. Use simple assumptions. Ene rg y switching: o Need to identify which loads you can change the energy type. For example, gasoline to electricity for transportation, natural gas to biomass for heating, electricity to natural cooling for refrigeration via storage, and wind energy to displace grid utility power. There are numerous possibilities. Identify which ones you want to change and which ones you will keep as it is. Update Table 1. If you change the energy, make sure you account for efficiency changes in the technologies and adjust energy loads accordingly. Renewable components models:

4 MECH 4692 Renewable Ene rg y Project o Develop sub-models, one per spreadsheet for each renewable energy system. Use the average hourly solar and wind data for Winnipeg provided. Optimization o Perform some optimization calculations Overall diagram o Make a diagram in excel of the system summarizing other spreadsheet results with a selection button for hour or month and for any parametric changes you have implemented. Energy supply model o Create an energy supply model based on the energy systems modeled and the energy demand predicted Cost model o Calculate system costs with payment schedule GHG model o Calculate GHG displaced and compare this to the business as usual scenario Progress Report Requirements The total length of the progress report should not exceed 10 single-sided pages. The following items are required for your design project final report (5% mark): 1. Introduction 2. Energy loads 3. Proposed Design 4. Preliminary Results 5. References 6. Supporting preliminary calculations Final Report Requirements The following items are required in your final report (20% mark): A strong executive summary that provides a clear, complete description of your final design and numbers to support it. This must include the parameters, performance details, and distinguishing features of your energy system design. All the essential information about the design should be clearly incorporated in your report. All assumptions need to be listed and justified. Model Description: Give a complete description of how each conversion technologies was modeled with equations and list renewable energy resource for that location. Show how this varies on a typical day for each month. Methodology: Describe the methods used in your analysis. References: Full bibliographic reference of sources referred to in the body of the report. Appendices: Spreadsheet calculations

5 MECH 4692 Renewable Ene rg y Project Additional information and data The total length of the final report including the title page, executive summary, the body, and the appendices should not exceed 30 single-sided pages. The following items are required for your design project: Word Document Report (paper copy and digital) Executive summary 2 Assumptions 2 Model description 2 Design justification 2 Results 2 References 2 Supporting calculations 2 Exce l Spreadsheet Model (digital copy) Graphical layout of solution 2 Calculations 2 Parameterization of solution 2 To tal 20% You need to submit your report in paper format to the TA and need to the report and spreadsheet electronically to the TA.