Understanding Emerging Technologies. Do Low Charge Ammonia Refrigeration Systems Save Energy?

Transcription

1 Understanding Emerging Technologies Do Low Charge Ammonia Refrigeration Systems Save Energy? Paul Delaney Senior Engineer ATMOsphere America June 26, 2015 Copyright 2014, Southern California Edison

2 Global warming. 2

3 SCE Background PG&E LADWP SDG&E One of the nation s largest electric utilities Nearly 14 million residents in service territory Approximately 5 million customer accounts 50,000 square-mile service area Over 103,000 miles of distribution and transmission lines Over 125 years of experience Exploring innovative Demand- Side Management offerings to address locational needs 3

4 Evolving Energy Efficiency Trends Today Continuing Trends Energy Audits Early Years Energy Savings Tips Robust Data Tools and Home Energy Reports Market Interventions: Retail, Distribution, Wholesale Zero Net Energy Whole Building Big Data AB 32 Water-Energy Nexus Deeper Savings RMP Standard Rebates Partnerships Locational Targeting 4

5 SCE drivers 5

6 Global warming potential and hazardous materials issues. CFC and HCFC replacements for medium and low temperature cold storage. EE benefit of about 15% plus DR potential with built in controls, fly wheeling evaluation, etc. Low and Medium Temperature Refrigeration Possible field tests with PG&E customer and existing Lineage refrigerated distribution facility Vendors indicate secondary market that technology will expand to HVAC markets Copyright 2014, Southern California Edison

7 Ultra Low Charge Ammonia Benefits Examined Improved Energy Efficiency Estimated 15-25% in CA regulated HFC based refrigeration Estimated 5-10% in CA industrial and large refrigerated warehouse (ammonia) Reduced Peak Demand Environmental Improvements Significant reduction in ammonia charge Reduced HFC emissions where ammonia system replaces HFC system Customer Behavior and Operational Cost Savings Lower Installed Cost Lower Operating and Maintenance Cost Higher Productivity Energy Savings Distributed refrigeration Reduces parasitic losses High efficiency compressors, coils pumps/motors Demand Response Potential Open ADR Controls Potential Fly- wheeling options ERIC Peak Reduction Lower kw/ton Flatter load shape Operational & Environmental Electronic refrigeration injection control Very low ammonia charge Option to replace HFC units Preliminary results annual savings about %14 Baseline average 3.92 kw/ton Ultra low charge technology - ~ 1.7 kw/ton 7

8 Taking a look at refrigerant alternatives. Working with EPRI on refrigerant alternatives ü CO2 transcritical ambient temperature evaluation at labs in Knoxville ü Packaged ammonia/co2 chiller@ food processing plant in Irvine, CA Drop- in R- 22 replacements ü HFO so far issues with seals and possibly txv in SCE TTC lab ü Field test of blend for medium temp walk- in Rancho Cucamonga, CA Self Contained Propane Display Cases ü Lab evaluation of propane cases versus conventional ü Potential to create tiered incentives based on increased efficiency levels ü Testing to be completed Q Evaluation of Evapco low charge low water consumption Evaluation of low charge Azane product air cooled 6/29/15 8

9 Adjacent technologies.solar thermal absorption cooling & heating SOLAR THERMOSORBER SYSTEM for Searles Valley Minerals Medical Clinic VSM)ARGUS)STEAM)PLANT) SOLAR)THERMAL)ARRAY) High)Temperature)Flat)Plate)) 40)lb)Steam)as)back)up) 275 O F$>$375 O HOT)WATER)RETURN) THERMAL)ENERGY)) STORAGE))) 315 O F$Heat$Transfer$@$0.8$btu/hr$ 30,000)gal/day)) Hot)Water) for$radiant$heat,$$ domesic$hot$water$ 135 O F$>$160 O HOT)WATER)SUPPLY) CHILLED)WATER) RETURN) Absorber) Generater) Condenser) Evaporater) THERMOSORBER) COP$=$1.97$ ) CHILLED)WATER)SUPPLY) 33 O F$>$40 O F$@$0.5$BTU/HR$ 50)ton)Cooling)to)Clinic) Evaporator) SVM)MEDICAL)CLINIC) $ ) 9

10 Adjacent technologies.ammonia as a fuel Fully flexible electrohydraulic valvetrain 10

11 Contact Information Paul Delaney (626)